Avigdor Nebenzahl
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Avigdor Nebenzahl (; born 1935) is an Israeli Orthodox
rabbi A rabbi (; ) is a spiritual leader or religious teacher in Judaism. One becomes a rabbi by being ordained by another rabbi—known as ''semikha''—following a course of study of Jewish history and texts such as the Talmud. The basic form of t ...
and
posek In Jewish law, a ''posek'' ( , pl. ''poskim'', ) is a legal scholar who determines the application of ''halakha'', the Jewish religious laws derived from the written and Oral Torah, in cases of Jewish law where previous authorities are incon ...
. He is the senior
rosh yeshiva Rosh yeshiva or Rosh Hayeshiva (, plural, pl. , '; Anglicized pl. ''rosh yeshivas'') is the title given to the dean of a yeshiva, a Jewish educational institution that focuses on the study of traditional religious texts, primarily the Talmud and th ...
at Yeshivat Netiv Aryeh, a faculty member at Yeshivat HaKotel, and rabbi of the Ramban Synagogue. Nebenzahl, previously, served as rabbi of the
Old City of Jerusalem The Old City of Jerusalem (; ) is a walled area in Jerusalem. In a tradition that may have begun with an 1840s British map of the city, the Old City is divided into four uneven quarters: the Muslim Quarter, the Christian Quarter, the Arm ...
, before the post was handed over to his son Chizkiyahu Nebenzahl.


Biography

Avigdor Nebenzahl was born to Yitzhak Nebenzahl, the
State Comptroller of Israel The State Comptroller of Israel ( ''Mevaker HaMedina'', , literally: ''Critic of State'') inspects, reviews, and audits the policies and operations of the government of the State of Israel. The State Comptroller's Office is also the government's ...
from 1948 to 1981, Israel's
Ombudsman An ombudsman ( , also ) is a government employee who investigates and tries to resolve complaints, usually through recommendations (binding or not) or mediation. They are usually appointed by the government or by parliament (often with a sign ...
from 1961 to 1981, and a senior officer in the
Bank of Israel The Bank of Israel (, ) is the central bank of Israel. The bank's headquarters is located in Kiryat HaMemshala in Jerusalem with a branch office in Tel Aviv. The current governor is Amir Yaron. The primary objective of the Bank of Israel is to ...
and the . His sister, Plia Albeck, was head of the Civil Department of the State Prosecutor's Office for 24 years.27 September 200
"Plia Albeck, Who Paved Legal Way for 100 Settlements, Dies"
''Haaretz''
Nebenzahl's first wife, Shifra Nebenzahl (née Finkel), died on February 12, 2016. Shifra was a member of the Mirrer Yeshiva family; her paternal grandfather, Eliezer Yehuda Finkel was its rosh yeshiva for 48 years. Her father, Chaim Zev Finkel, was a ''
mashgiach ruchani A mashgiach ruchani (; pl., ''mashgichim ruchani'im''), sometimes mashgiach for short, is a spiritual supervisor or guide. They are usually a rabbi who has an official position within a yeshiva and is responsible for the non-academic areas of yesh ...
'' (spiritual guidance counselor) of the yeshiva. Her brother-in-law, Aaron Chodosh, was a ''mashgiach'' there, and her brother Aryeh Finkel was the rosh yeshiva of its Brachfeld branch until his death on August 10, 2016. Nebenzahl remarried at age 83.


Rabbinic career

Nebenzahl was a faculty member of the Mir Yeshiva in Jerusalem before accepting positions at Yeshivat HaKotel and Yeshivat Netiv Aryeh, where he has given weekly lectures. He hosts many of those students in his home for
kiddush Kiddush (; ), , is a blessing recited over wine or grape juice to sanctify the Shabbat and Jewish holidays. Additionally, the word refers to a small repast held on Shabbat or festival mornings after the prayer services and before the meal. S ...
after
Shabbat Shabbat (, , or ; , , ) or the Sabbath (), also called Shabbos (, ) by Ashkenazi Hebrew, Ashkenazim, is Judaism's day of rest on the seventh day of the seven-day week, week—i.e., Friday prayer, Friday–Saturday. On this day, religious Jews ...
morning prayer services. Nebenzahl's scholarly works include a commentary on the
Mishnah Berurah The ''Mishnah Berurah'' ( "Clear Teaching") is a work of ''halakha'' (Jewish law) by Rabbi Yisrael Meir Kagan (Poland, 1838–1933, also known as ''Chofetz Chaim''). It is a commentary on ''Orach Chayim'', the first section of the ''Shulchan Aru ...
, books about the laws of the
Jewish holidays Jewish holidays, also known as Jewish festivals or ''Yamim Tovim'' (, or singular , in transliterated Hebrew []), are holidays observed by Jews throughout the Hebrew calendar.This article focuses on practices of mainstream Rabbinic Judaism. ...
and Shabbat (Talmud), tractate Shabbat. He is the author of essays on the
weekly Torah portion The weekly Torah portion refers to a lectionary custom in Judaism in which a portion of the Torah (or Pentateuch) is read during Jewish prayer services on Monday, Thursday, and Saturday. The full name, ''Parashat HaShavua'' (), is popularly abbre ...
. Nebenzahl was Shlomo Zalman Auerbach's study partner for over 40 years. Joel Landau assisted Nebenzahl in publishing one of his first works.


Views and opinions

In 2004, Nebenzahl stated before an Israeli court that any Jew guilty of selling parts of what he termed the
Land of Israel The Land of Israel () is the traditional Jewish name for an area of the Southern Levant. Related biblical, religious and historical English terms include the Land of Canaan, the Promised Land, the Holy Land, and Palestine. The definition ...
falls under the law of Din Rodef, meaning he is subject to being killed legally under religious law. In October of that year, Nebenzahl was one of the signatories to a letter of rabbis calling on members of the
Israel Defense Forces The Israel Defense Forces (IDF; , ), alternatively referred to by the Hebrew-language acronym (), is the national military of the State of Israel. It consists of three service branches: the Israeli Ground Forces, the Israeli Air Force, and ...
to refuse to follow orders in connection with the
Israeli disengagement from Gaza In 2005, Israel disengaged from the Gaza Strip by dismantling all 21 Israeli settlements there. As part of this process, four Israeli settlements in the West Bank were dismantled as well. The disengagement was executed unilaterally: Israeli a ...
. In 2017, Nebenzahl penned a letter to Chaim Kanievsky, in which he decried the
Jerusalem Municipality The Jerusalem Municipality (), the seat of the Israeli municipal administration, consists of a number of buildings located on Jaffa Road in the city of Jerusalem. History British Mandate town hall (1930) Jerusalem's old town hall was bui ...
for sponsoring interfaith
Hanukkah Hanukkah (, ; ''Ḥănukkā'' ) is a Jewish holidays, Jewish festival commemorating the recovery of Jerusalem and subsequent rededication of the Second Temple at the beginning of the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire in the 2nd ce ...
parties. In the letter, he implored Kanievsky to "instruct the members of the Knesset, Rabbi Gafni and Rabbi Maklev, to cancel this disgrace and remove the wrath of God from our people even before this matter becomes a big phenomenon that will be much more difficult to stop afterwards". Nebenzahl opposes Jewish tour groups to the
Temple Mount The Temple Mount (), also known as the Noble Sanctuary (Arabic: الحرم الشريف, 'Haram al-Sharif'), and sometimes as Jerusalem's holy esplanade, is a hill in the Old City of Jerusalem, Old City of Jerusalem that has been venerated as a ...
. After Itamar Ben-Gvir led a group of Jewish worshippers onto the Temple Mount on
Tisha B'Av Tisha B'Av ( ; , ) is an annual fast day in Judaism. A commemoration of a number of disasters in Jewish history, primarily the destruction of both Solomon's Temple by the Neo-Babylonian Empire and the Second Temple by the Roman Empire in Jerusal ...
in 2024, Nebenzahl and four other senior rabbis issued a video statement at the urging of Jerusalem mayor
Moshe Lion Moshe Lion, or Moshe Leon (, born 6 October 1961), is an Israeli politician who is currently the Mayor of Jerusalem. He previously served as a member of the Jerusalem City Council, director-general of the Prime Minister's Office, Chairman of t ...
in Hebrew with Arabic subtitlesstating that it is strictly forbidden for Jews to enter the compound, and called for calm.


Published works

Teshuvot Avigdor Halevi: She'elot u-teshuvot be-4 ḥelḳe ha-shulḥan ʻarukh tanakh ṿe-nośʼim shonim Sefer Mi-Tsiyon mikhlal yofi : ḥidushim u-veʼurim ṿe-heʻarot Yerushalayim be-moʻadeha Sichot al ha-Torah


References


External links


Shiurim by NebenzahlYeshivat HaKotel SiteKollel KotelNetiv Aryeh Site
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nebenzahl, Avigdor 1935 births 20th-century rabbis in Jerusalem 21st-century rabbis in Jerusalem Haredi rabbis in Israel Rosh yeshivas Living people Haredi poskim