Aulacus Japonicus

''Aulacus'' is a genus of aulacids, ensigns, and gasteruptiids in the family Aulacidae. There are 77 species of ''Aulacus''.

Taxonomy and phylogeny

This genus was originally described in 1807 by Louis Jurine. It it currently one of two extant genera within the family Aulacidae along with its sister genus, ''Pristaulacus''.

As presently defined, the genus ''Aulacus'' has been noted by Turrisi et al. in 2009 as not representing a monophyletic group, instead being a paraphyletic assemblage of species with respect to ''Pristaulacus''. Their research also concluded the need for further studies to split the genus into several monophyletic genera.

Description and identification

''Aulacus'' are generally small auladic wasps. The head lacks an occipital carina, and the tarsal claws are simple. The forewing has vein 2r-m present in contrast to the genus ''Pristaulacus'', which lacks this vein.

Distribution

The genus ''Aulacus'' has a nearly worldwide distribution apart from the Afrotropics and Antarctica.

Behavior

While little is known about the biology of the genus as a whole, many species are known to be koinobiont parasitoids of beetles or wood wasps.

Species

The following are 72 of the described species belong to the genus ''Aulacus'':

* '' Aulacus albimanus'' (Kieffer, 1911) ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus amazonicus'' (Roman, 1917) ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus aneurus'' Walkley, 1952 ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus aroueti'' (Girault, 1926) ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus atriceps'' (Kieffer, 1911) ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus belairensis'' Jennings, Austin & Stevens, 2004 ^{i c g}
* ''Aulacus biroi'' (Szépligeti, 1903) ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus bituberculatus'' Cameron, 1899 ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus braconiformis'' (Kieffer, 1911) ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus brasiliensis'' (Szépligeti, 1903) ^{i c g}
* ''Aulacus braunsi'' (Kieffer, 1911) ^{i c g}
* ''Aulacus brevicaudus'' (Cushman, 1929) ^{i c g}
* ''Aulacus brevis'' Smith, 2005 ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus burquei'' (Provancher, 1882) ^{i c g b}
* '' Aulacus burwelli'' Jennings, Austin & Stevens, 2004 ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus cephalus'' Smith, 2005 ^{i c g}
* ''Aulacus coracinus'' Jennings, Austin & Stevens, 2004 ^{i c g}
* ''Aulacus costulatus'' (Kieffer, 1904) ^{i c g}
* ''Aulacus davidi'' Kuroda, Konishi, Turrisi & Yamasako, 2020 ^j
* ''Aulacus digitalis'' Townes, 1950 ^{i c g}
* ''Aulacus dispilis'' Townes, 1950 ^{i c g b}
* ''Aulacus douglasi'' Jennings, Austin & Stevens, 2004 ^{i c g}
* ''Aulacus elegans'' (Kieffer, 1911) ^{i c g}
* ''Aulacus emineo'' Jennings, Austin & Stevens, 2004 ^{i c g}
* ''Aulacus eocenicus'' Nel, Waller & De Ploëg, 2004 ^{i c g}
* ''Aulacus erythrogaster'' He & Chen, 2002 ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus festivus'' (Kieffer, 1911) ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus flavicornis'' (Kieffer, 1911) ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus flavigenis'' Alekseev, 1986 ^{i c g j}
* '' Aulacus flavimanus'' (Kieffer, 1911) ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus flindersbaudini'' Jennings, Austin & Stevens, 2004 ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus forus'' (Smith, 2001) ^{i c g}
* ''Aulacus fritschii'' † (Brues, 1933) ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus fuscicornis'' Cameron, 1911 ^{i c g}
* ''Aulacus fusiger'' Schletterer, 1890 ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus gaullei'' (Kieffer, 1904) ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus grossi'' Jennings, Austin & Stevens, 2004 ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus houstoni'' Jennings, Austin & Stevens, 2004 ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus hyalinipennis'' Westwood, 1841 ^{i g}
* '' Aulacus impolitus'' Smith, 1991 ^{i c g j}
* '' Aulacus japonicus'' Konishi, 1990 ^{i c g j}
* '' Aulacus jeoffreyi'' Alekseev, 1993 ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus kohli'' Schletterer, 1890 ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus krahmeri'' Elgueta & Lanfranco, 1994 ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus larisae'' Sundukov & Lelej, 2015
* '' Aulacus longiventris'' (Kieffer, 1911) ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus lovei'' (Ashmead, 1901) ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus machaerophorus'' Kuroda, Kikuchi & Konishi, 2016 ^j
* '' Aulacus magnus'' Chen, Turrisi & Xu, 2016 ^z
* '' Aulacus mcmillani'' Jennings, Austin & Stevens, 2004 ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus minutus'' Crosskey, 1953 ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus moerens'' Westwood, 1868 ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus nigriventris'' (Kieffer, 1911) ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus notatus'' (Szépligeti, 1903) ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus ochreus'' Smith, 2005 ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus pallidicaudis'' (Cameron, 1911) ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus pallipes'' Cresson, 1879 ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus pediculatus'' Schletterer, 1890 ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus philippinensis'' (Kieffer, 1916) ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus planiceps'' (Szépligeti, 1903) ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus prisculus'' † (Brues, 1933) ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus pterostigmatus'' (Szépligeti, 1903) ^{i c g}
* ''Aulacus schiffi'' Smith, 1996 ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus schoenitzeri'' Turrisi, 2005 ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus shizukii'' Kuroda, Konishi, Turrisi & Yamasako, 2020 ^j
* '' Aulacus sinensis'' He & Chen, 2007 ^j
* '' Aulacus striatus'' Jurine, 1807 ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus thoracicus'' Westwood, 1841 ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus truncatus'' (Kieffer, 1911) ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus uchidai'' Turrisi & Konishi, 2011 ^j
* ''Aulacus vespiformis'' (Kieffer, 1911) ^{i c g}
* '' Aulacus westwoodi'' Kieffer, 1912 ^{i c g}

Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net, z = Revision of Chinese Aulacidae, j = Revisional Study of Japan, r = Aulacidae in the Russian Far East

Nomina nuda

There are additionally 4 species names that are considered ''nomina nuda'' in Smith's catalog of species.
* ''Aulacus beckeri'' Tournier, 1911
* '' Aulacus plurimaculatus'' Tournier, 1911
* ''Aulacus rufilabris'' Giraud, 1868
* ''Aulacus transversostriatus Tournier, 1911

References

External links

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Parasitic wasps
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Evanioidea

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