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Augustów Voivodeship was created in 1816 from the Łomża Department. Its capital was in
Łomża Łomża () is a city in north-eastern Poland, approximately to the north-east of Warsaw and west of Białystok. It is situated alongside the Narew river as part of the Podlaskie Voivodeship. It is the capital of Łomża County and has been the se ...
until 1818, when it was transferred to
Suwałki Suwałki (; ; or סוּוואַלק) is a city in northeastern Poland with a population of 69,206 (2021). It is the capital of Suwałki County and one of the most important centers of commerce in the Podlaskie Voivodeship. A relatively young ci ...
. In 1837 it was transformed into Augustów Governorate.


Administrative divisions

It was divided into 7 counties: * Biebrzańsk County (seat in Szczuczyn) * Dąbrowski County (seat in
Lipsk Lipsk (also ) is a town in Augustów County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, with 2,520 inhabitants (2004). History Lipsk was granted town rights in 1580 by King Stephen Báthory by virtue of a privilege (law), privilege issued ...
, later in
Augustów Augustów is a town in north-eastern Poland. It lies on the Netta River and the Augustów Canal. It is the seat of Augustów County and of Gmina Augustów in the Podlaskie Voivodeship. Augustów has an area of , and as of June 2022 it has a popul ...
) * Kalvarija County *
Łomża County __NOTOC__ Łomża County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Podlaskie Voivodeship, north-eastern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 19 ...
* Marijampolė County * Tykociń County * Wigierski-Sejny County (seat in Sejny)


Transportation

The Augustów Canal was built between 1823 and 1837 in the Augustów Voivodeship of the
Kingdom of Poland The Kingdom of Poland (; Latin: ''Regnum Poloniae'') was a monarchy in Central Europe during the Middle Ages, medieval period from 1025 until 1385. Background The West Slavs, West Slavic tribe of Polans (western), Polans who lived in what i ...
. From the time it was first built, the canal was described by experts as a technological marvel, with 22 sluices and 18 locks contributing to its aesthetic appeal. It was the first
summit level canal A summit-level canal, sometimes called a "watershed canal" or just "summit Canal", is an artificial waterway connecting two separate river valleys. The term refers to a canal that rises to cross a summit then falls down the other side. Typical ...
in
Central Europe Central Europe is a geographical region of Europe between Eastern Europe, Eastern, Southern Europe, Southern, Western Europe, Western and Northern Europe, Northern Europe. Central Europe is known for its cultural diversity; however, countries in ...
to provide a direct link between the two major rivers,
Vistula River The Vistula (; ) is the longest river in Poland and the ninth-longest in Europe, at in length. Its drainage basin, extending into three other countries apart from Poland, covers , of which is in Poland. The Vistula rises at Barania Góra ...
through the Biebrza River – a tributary of the Narew River, and the Neman River through its tributary – the Czarna Hancza River. Voivodeships of Congress Poland {{Poland-hist-stub