Augustus Frederick FitzGerald, 3rd Duke of Leinster, etc. (21 August 1791 – 10 February/October 1874) was an Anglo-Irish peer and freemason, styled Marquess of Kildare from birth until 1804. He was born and died in

Carton House Carton House is a country house and surrounding demesne that was the ancestral seat of the Earls of Kildare and Dukes of Leinster for over 700 years. Located 23 km west of Dublin, in Maynooth, County Kildare, the Carton Demesne is a 1,100 ac ...

. FitzGerald was Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Ireland for most of the 19th century, holding the post for 61 years from 1813 until 1874.

Family

FitzGerald was the eldest surviving son of

William FitzGerald, 2nd Duke of Leinster William Robert FitzGerald, 2nd Duke of Leinster, KP, PC (Ire) (12/13 March 1749 – 20 October 1804) was an Irish liberal politician and landowner. He was born in London. Career FitzGerald made his Grand Tour between 1768 and 1769. During th ...

and his wife, Emilia. He inherited his father's dukedom in 1804. On 16 June 1818, Leinster married Lady Charlotte Augusta Stanhope (15 February 1793 – 15 February 1859), the third daughter of

Charles Stanhope, 3rd Earl of Harrington General Charles Stanhope, 3rd Earl of Harrington (17 March 17535 September 1829), styled Viscount Petersham until 1779, was a British Army officer and politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1774 and 1779 when he succeeded to the pe ...

. They had four children: *

Charles FitzGerald, 4th Duke of Leinster Charles William FitzGerald, 4th Duke of Leinster, (30 March 1819 – 10 February 1887), styled Marquess of Kildare until 1874, was an Anglo-Irish peer and politician. Background Leinster was born in Dublin, Ireland. He was the son of Augustus F ...

(1819–1887) * Lord Gerald FitzGerald (

London London is the capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary dow ...

, 6 January 1821 – 23 September 1886), married on 9 June 1862 Anne Agnes Barker (died 6 June 1913), and had: ** Edward Gerald FitzGerald (London, 2 September 1863 – Studland, 5 August 1919), married in London on 20 February 1913 Anne Josephine Throckmorton, without issue * Lady Jane Seymour FitzGerald (died 3 November 1898), married on 5 September 1848 George William John Repton (1818–1906) * Lord Otho Augustus FitzGerald (1827–1882)

Government

Leinster was appointed

Custos Rotulorum ''Custos rotulorum'' (; plural: ''custodes rotulorum''; Latin for "keeper of the rolls", ) is a civic post that is recognised in the United Kingdom (except Scotland) and in Jamaica. England, Wales and Northern Ireland The ''custos rotulorum'' is t ...

of Kildare in 1819 and

Lord Lieutenant of Kildare This is a list of people who have served as Lord-Lieutenant of Kildare. There were lieutenants of counties in Ireland until the reign of James II, when they were renamed governors. The office of Lord Lieutenant was recreated on 23 August 1831. T ...

in 1831, holding both posts for life. In 1831, he was admitted to the Privy Council of Ireland and to the

Privy Council of Great Britain The Privy Council (PC), officially His Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, is a privy council, formal body of advisers to the British monarchy, sovereign of the United Kingdom. Its membership mainly comprises Politics of the United King ...

and was

Lord High Constable of Ireland Lord is an appellation for a person or deity who has authority, control, or power over others, acting as a master, chief, or ruler. The appellation can also denote certain persons who hold a title of the peerage in the United Kingdom, or are ...

at the coronations of

William IV William IV (William Henry; 21 August 1765 – 20 June 1837) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and King of Hanover from 26 June 1830 until his death in 1837. The third son of George III, William succeeded h ...

and

Queen Victoria Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death in 1901. Her reign of 63 years and 216 days was longer than that of any previo ...

. He was a Commissioner of National Education for Ireland from 1836 to 1841.

Freemasonry

In 1813, he was chosen Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Ireland, a post he held until his death in 1874. Under FitzGerald and his Deputy Grand Secretary, John Fowler (1769-1856), all Freemasonic movements became highly centralised in Ireland and could not operative without the approval of the Grand Lodge.

Marc Bédarride Marc Bédarride (4 February 1776 – April 1846) was a French writer, military officer and Freemason. He served the First French Empire during the French Revolutionary Wars under Napoleon Bonaparte in Egypt and later in the Italian Peninsula. Alth ...

's ''

Rite of Misraim The Ancient and Primitive Rite of Memphis-Misraïm is a masonic rite founded in Naples, Italy in September 1881 by the merger of two older rites; the ''Rite of Misraïm'' and the ''Rite of Memphis''. Although founded in 1881, its predecessors ...

'' was imported from France to Ireland during the time of FitzGerald. One of the Bédarride brothers is supposed to have visited Ireland in 1820 and by February 1821, a council of seventeen members of the Rite was formed, including; FitzGerald, Fowler, Dumoulin, Norman, Mitchell, Trim and Jamar (a Frenchman residing in Dublin). Banned in France by the government in 1822, it continued to exist in Ireland as part of the Supreme Grand Council of Rites (approved by the Grand Lodge of Ireland), set up on 28 January 1838. Retrieved on 26 July 2017.

References

Bibliography

* "''The Order of Misraim in Ireland''", Thomas E. Johnston, Trans. Lodge CC, Dublin, 1949- 1957

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Leinster, Augustus Fitzgerald, 3rd Duke Of

Augustus Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian, was the first Roman emperor; he reigned from 27 BC until his death in AD 14. He is known for being the founder of the Roman Pr ...

1791 births 1874 deaths Irish Anglicans Irish Freemasons Members of the Privy Council of Great Britain Members of the Privy Council of Ireland Lord-Lieutenants of Kildare 19th-century Anglo-Irish people Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom Dukes of Leinster (1766)