Auguste Chaillou (21 August 1866 – 23 April 1915) was a French

biologist A biologist is a scientist who conducts research in biology. Biologists are interested in studying life on Earth, whether it is an individual Cell (biology), cell, a multicellular organism, or a Community (ecology), community of Biological inter ...

and physician born in Parennes in the department of

Sarthe Sarthe () is a department of the French region of Pays de la Loire, and the province of Maine, situated in the ''Grand-Ouest'' of the country. It is named after the river Sarthe, which flows from east of Le Mans to just north of Angers. It had ...

. He worked at the Hôpital des Enfants-Malades, and for most of his career was associated with the

Pasteur Institute The Pasteur Institute (french: Institut Pasteur) is a French non-profit private foundation dedicated to the study of biology, micro-organisms, diseases, and vaccines. It is named after Louis Pasteur, who invented pasteurization and vaccines f ...

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...

. Chaillou is best known for his development of the anti-

diphtheria Diphtheria is an infection caused by the bacterium '' Corynebacterium diphtheriae''. Most infections are asymptomatic or have a mild clinical course, but in some outbreaks more than 10% of those diagnosed with the disease may die. Signs and s ...

serum with

Émile Roux Pierre Paul Émile Roux FRS (17 December 18533 November 1933) was a French physician, bacteriologist and immunologist. Roux was one of the closest collaborators of Louis Pasteur (1822–1895), a co-founder of the Pasteur Institute, and respon ...

and Louis Martin (1864-1946) at the Pasteur Institute. The three men presented their findings at the Tenth International Congress of Hygiene in

Budapest Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population ...

(1894). From 1895 until 1914 he was chief of anti-

rabies Rabies is a viral disease that causes encephalitis in humans and other mammals. Early symptoms can include fever and tingling at the site of exposure. These symptoms are followed by one or more of the following symptoms: nausea, vomiting, vi ...

services at the Pasteur Institute. As a medical officer during

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

he was killed on the battlefield of

Vauquois Vauquois () is a commune in the Meuse department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. During World War 1, Vauquois was the site of violent mine warfare, also in connection with the Battle of Verdun (1916). From 1915 to 1918, French and German ...

Written works

* ''La sérumthérapie et le tubage du larynx dans les croups diphtériques'' (1894). * ''Morphologie médicale''. Paris (1912) (with Leon Mac-Auliffe (1876-1937). * ''Un Précis d'exploration externe du tube digestif'' (with Leon Mac-Auliffe). * ''Etude des quatre types humains''.

References

Repères chronologiques
Archives of the Pasteur Institute (biography) {{DEFAULTSORT:Chaillou, Auguste French biologists 1866 births 1915 deaths French military personnel killed in World War I People from Sarthe