August Wilhelm Eduard Theodor Henschel ( Breslau, 20 December 1790 - Breslau, 24 July 1856) was a German physician and botanist, best known through his works on

history of medicine The history of medicine is both a study of medicine throughout history as well as a multidisciplinary field of study that seeks to explore and understand medical practices, both past and present, throughout human societies. More than just histo ...

and about

Schola Medica Salernitana The Schola Medica Salernitana ( it, Scuola Medica Salernitana) was a Medieval medical school, the first and most important of its kind. Situated on the Tyrrhenian Sea in the south Italian city of Salerno, it was founded in the 9th century and rose ...

Biography

Education

He was educated at the medical and surgical college at Breslau, the '' Ober-Collegium medicum'' in

Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitue ...

, and the universities of Heidelberg and Breslau ('' Medicinae Doctor'' in 1813). He practised medicine in Breslau from 1813 to 1816, and in the latter year was appointed ''

Privatdozent ''Privatdozent'' (for men) or ''Privatdozentin'' (for women), abbreviated PD, P.D. or Priv.-Doz., is an academic title conferred at some European universities, especially in German-speaking countries, to someone who holds certain formal qualific ...

'' in

pathology Pathology is the study of the causes and effects of disease or injury. The word ''pathology'' also refers to the study of disease in general, incorporating a wide range of biology research fields and medical practices. However, when used in ...

at the university of that city. Henschel was of

Jewish Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...

origin, the son of the physician Elias Henschel (1755-1839); in 1820 he converted to

Christianity Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth. It is the world's largest and most widespread religion with roughly 2.38 billion followers representing one-third of the global pop ...

.Michler, Markwart, "Henschel, August Wilhelm Eduard Theodor" in: ''Neue Deutsche Biographie''. Vol. 8 (1969), p. 556
Online version
Retrieved 2016-03-28.

Scholarly and main works

In 1820, Henschel published his first important work, ''Von der Sexualität der Pflanzen'', on the

linnaean taxonomy Linnaean taxonomy can mean either of two related concepts: # The particular form of biological classification (taxonomy) set up by Carl Linnaeus, as set forth in his ''Systema Naturae'' (1735) and subsequent works. In the taxonomy of Linnaeus t ...

, which attracted considerable attention in the world of science. He was appointed

assistant professor Assistant Professor is an academic rank just below the rank of an associate professor used in universities or colleges, mainly in the United States and Canada. Overview This position is generally taken after earning a doctoral degree and general ...

at his '' alma mater'' in 1821, and in 1832 professor of

anatomy Anatomy () is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and their parts. Anatomy is a branch of natural science that deals with the structural organization of living things. It is an old science, having its ...

physiology Physiology (; ) is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system. As a sub-discipline of biology, physiology focuses on how organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and biomolecules carry out the chemical ...

, and

. Henschel is best known through his researches into the history of medicine, the results of which he published in the medical periodical ''Janus, Zeitschrift für Geschichte und Litteratur der Medizin'' (Breslau, 1846–49). Of his other works may be mentioned: ''Vertheidigung der Entzündlichen Natur des Croups'' (in Anton Ludwig Ernst Horn's ''Archiv für medizinische Erfahrungen'', 1813); ''Commentatio de Aristotele Botanico et Philosopho'', Breslau, 1824; ''Über einige Schwierigkeiten in der Pathologie der Hundswuth'', Breslau, 1829; ''Zur Geschichte der Medicin in Schlesien'', Breslau, 1837; and ''Das Medicinische Doctorat, seine Nothwendigkeit und seine Reform'', Breslau, 1848.

Works

* (

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ger ...

) ''Schlesiens wissenschaftliche Zustände im vierzehnten Jahrhundert; ein Beitrag insbesondere zur Geschichte der Medicin'' (3 editions published between 1850 and 1967 *(

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...

) ''Clavis Rumphiana botanica et zoologica: accedunt vita G.E. Rumphii, Plinii indici, specimenque materiae medicae Amboinensis'', 3 editions published in 1833 *(

) ''Von der Sexualität der Planzen'', 1820 *(

) ''Commentatio de Aristotele botanico philosopho by August Wilhelm Eduard Theodor Henschel'', 4 editions published in 1824 *(

) ''Vita G. E. Rumphii, Plini indici: accedunt specimen materiae Rumphianae medicae clavisque herbarii et thesauri Amboinensis'', 2 editions published in 1833 *(

) ''De Aristotele botanico philosopho'', 2 editions published in 1823 *(

) ''Zur Geschichte der Medicin in Schlesien. 1. Heft, Die vorliterärischen Anfänge'', 3 editions published between 1837 and 1967 *(

) ''Synopsis chronologica scriptorum medii aevi medicorum ac physicorum quae codicibus bibliothecarum Vratislaviensium continentur'', 3 editions published in 1847 *(

) ''De praxi medica Salernitana commentatio: cui praemissus est Anonymi Salernitani de adventu medici ad aegrotum libellus e Compendio Salernitano saec. XII. MSS. editus'', 1850 *(

) ''Antonio Krocker ... Summos In Medicina Et Chirurgia Honores Halis Ante Haec Decem Lustra Initos A. D. XIII. Cal. Novembr. A. MDCCC Gratulatur Universitatis Literarum Vratislaviensis Ordo Medicorum Interprete A. G. E. Th. Henschel : Inest 1. Anonymi Salernitani De Adventu Medici Ad Aegrotum Libellus Ex Compendio Salernitano Saec. XII M. S. Editus; 2. Commentatio De Praxi Medica Salernitana Compendio Et Libello Isto Maxime Illustrata'', 1850 *(

) ''Praemissae sunt de bibliothecarum Vratislaviensium codicibus manuscriptis medii aevi medicis ac physicis observationes generales'', 1847 *(

) ''Inest synopsis chronologica scriptorum medii aevi medicorum ac physicorum quae codicibus bibliothecarum Vratislaviensibus continentur'', 1847 * (

Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance language *** Regional Ita ...

) (Salvatore de Renzi and

Charles Victor Daremberg Charles Victor Daremberg (14 March 1817, Dijon – 24 October 1872) was a French librarian, medical historian and classical philologist. He began his medical studies in Dijon, later relocating to Paris, where he served as librarian of the Acad ...

coauthors),
Collectio Salernitana: ossia documenti inediti, e trattati di di medicina appartenenti alla scuola medica Salernitana
', 5 volumes, Tipografia del Filiatre-Sebezio, Naples, 1852 (

Google book search Google Books (previously known as Google Book Search, Google Print, and by its code-name Project Ocean) is a service from Google Inc. that searches the full text of books and magazines that Google has scanned, converted to text using optical c ...

)

References

Sources

*This article grounds essentially on

Isidore Singer Isidore Singer (10 November 1859 – 20 February 1939) was an American encyclopedist and editor of ''The Jewish Encyclopedia'' and founder of the American League for the Rights of Man. Biography Singer was born in 1859 in Weisskirchen, M ...

and Frank Cramer,
Henschel, August Wilhelm Eduard Theodor
from the

public domain The public domain (PD) consists of all the creative work A creative work is a manifestation of creative effort including fine artwork (sculpture, paintings, drawing, sketching, performance art), dance, writing (literature), filmmaking, ...

Jewish Encyclopedia ''The Jewish Encyclopedia: A Descriptive Record of the History, Religion, Literature, and Customs of the Jewish People from the Earliest Times to the Present Day'' is an English-language encyclopedia containing over 15,000 articles on th ...

External links

Publication timeline and most widely held works
by August Wilhelm Eduard Theodor Henschel from

WorldCat WorldCat is a union catalog that itemizes the collections of tens of thousands of institutions (mostly libraries), in many countries, that are current or past members of the OCLC global cooperative. It is operated by OCLC, Inc. Many of the OCL ...

{{DEFAULTSORT:Henschel, August Wilhelm 1790 births 1856 deaths Physicians from Wrocław 18th-century German Jews German pathologists 19th-century German botanists German medical historians Converts to Christianity from Judaism Scientists from Wrocław