Johan August Malmström (14 October 1829 – 18 October 1901) was a Swedish painter. As an artist, he was known for his country motifs often featuring children. His most widely recognized work is ''Grindslanten'' (1885) featuring a typical scene from 19th century Sweden. Influenced by the national romanticism of
Gothicismus, he also collected motives from
Norse mythology
Norse, Nordic, or Scandinavian mythology is the body of myths belonging to the North Germanic peoples, stemming from Old Norse religion and continuing after the Christianization of Scandinavia, and into the Nordic folklore of the modern period ...
. He made illustrations for publications of both
Frithiofs saga (''Friðþjófs saga hins frœkna'') and
The Tales of Ensign Stål (''Fänrik Ståls sägner'').
Malmström served as a professor at the
Royal Swedish Academy of Arts
The Royal Swedish Academy of Fine Arts ( sv, Kungliga Akademien för de fria konsterna), commonly called the Royal Academy, is located in Stockholm, Sweden. An independent organization that promotes the development of painting, sculpture, architec ...
and later manager of the same institution. Malmström was also an illustrator who worked for several newspapers and book publishing houses. Additionally, Malmström designed furnitures, worked as a pattern drawer and was a designer for
Gustavsberg porcelain
Gustavsberg is a Swedish porcelain company that originated in 1826.Helena Dahlbäck Lutteman. ''Svenskt Porslin 1700-1900''
It broke up in the 1990s and was sold off in pieces, to the dismay of residents of the Gustavsberg area, but artisans conti ...
.
Biography
Childhood and youth
August Malmström was born at Nubbekullen in Västra Ny parish within the municipality of
Motala in
Östergötland County, Sweden. Nubbekullen (''Nubbekullens hembygdsgård'') is today the site of a local museum.
His father, Anders Gustaf Malmström, was a carpenter and ornamental sculptor who managed the small farm. August, together with his brother, helped his father with agriculture and woodwork. Among other works they made ornaments for altarpieces and pulpits to churches. Both parents encouraged August in his choice of life. His mother, Brita Stina Håkansdotter, was interested in literature, which evoked his interest in history. He showed early interest in drawing and painting. An injury in his right hand which never cured properly exempted him from hard work and gave him even more time to spend on arts. In his teens he was skilled enough to support his family, he made small paintings and colored pictures which were given away as presents on birthdays and name days. His parents recognized his talent and sold their only ox to finance his studies in Stockholm.
Academy of Fine Arts in Stockholm
Malmström came to Stockholm and applied for admission at the
Royal Swedish Academy of Arts
The Royal Swedish Academy of Fine Arts ( sv, Kungliga Akademien för de fria konsterna), commonly called the Royal Academy, is located in Stockholm, Sweden. An independent organization that promotes the development of painting, sculpture, architec ...
. It was first with the help of the painter
Nils Andersson (1817-1865) that he managed to be accepted and thus on 3 November 1849 he was registered at the academy's ground school. Already at the beginning his talent attracted attention and his study period was marked by rewards of all sorts. The academy had painting contests every year with given themes and Malmström was probably the most diligent participant.
For the 1855 contest, he was the only student to submit a contribution with ''Konung Gustaf II Adolfs lifsfara i träffningen vid Wittsjö'' ("King Gustaf II Adolf in mortal danger at the battle of Wittsjö") . However, his work was "not in a good condition to be rewarded". A growing problem the academy faced was that more and more students left the academy for studies in
Düsseldorf, a trend Malmström followed in 1856. He considered the academy's education as insufficient and at the same time his economic situation became gradually better. Besides scholarships and picture sales, he earned incomes from portrait orders and restoration tasks.
Düsseldorf 1856–1857
Malmström is associated with the
Düsseldorf school of painting
The Düsseldorf school of painting is a term referring to a group of painters who taught or studied at the Düsseldorf Academy (now the Staatliche Kunstakademie Düsseldorf or Düsseldorf State Art Academy) during the 1830s and 1840s, when the A ...
. There exists no proofs that he took part in any education in the city. He presumably pursued studies on his own. During autumn 1856, he send home his first painting ''King Heimer and Aslög'' from Düsseldorf and during spring 1857 he then send home ''King Aella's messenger before Ragnar Lodbrok's sons'' Both of these works impressed the Swedish Academy. During their exhibition, the painting ''King Heimer and Aslög'' was rewarded with the Royal Medal. Thereby the Academy had the possibility to give Malmström travel scholarships, which happened on 2 October. The grant and several painting sales meant that he was financially secured for many years forward.
Paris 1857–1859
In 1857, Malmström traveled together with
MÃ¥rten Eskil Winge
Mårten Eskil Winge (21 September 1825 – 22 April 1896) was a Swedish artist. He was a professor at the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts.
He was associated with the Düsseldorf school of painting. His art was influenced by the Norse mythology t ...
(1825–1896) to
Paris. Winge was a good friend of Malmström and also had received a travel scholarship. Besides diligent studies at the museums, they were students of
Thomas Couture (1815–1879) who had a solid reputation as a skillful teacher who taught a number of Swedish students. In 1856, Couture became an honorable member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts. Malmström returned 1858 to Düsseldorf to complete ''Vikingar på stranden'' ("Vikings at shore") together with the Norwegian painter
Hans Fredrik Gude
Hans Fredrik Gude (March 13, 1825August 17, 1903) was a Norwegian romanticist painter and is considered along with Johan Christian Dahl to be one of Norway's foremost landscape painters. He has been called a mainstay of Norwegian National Roma ...
(1825–1903) but soon traveled back to
Paris. Regulations for travel scholarships prescribed that a copy of a work by a great master should be made. The choice fell on
Titian's painting ''Christ Crowned with Thorns'', this because other works by Titian were already and constantly occupied by others, in some cases for many years.
Italy 1859–1860
According to the instructions for both holders of the travel scholarship. the Academy stated that after a year of residence in Paris they should take a travel to
Italy. After two years in Paris, Winge and Malmström went to
Italy at the end of 1859. Much to his indignation, Malmström got a rejection to his application to copy
Rafael
Rafael may refer to:
* Rafael (given name) or Raphael, a name of Hebrew origin
* Rafael, California
* Rafael Advanced Defense Systems, Israeli manufacturer of weapons and military technology
* Hurricane Rafael, a 2012 hurricane
Fiction
* ''R ...
's works at
the Vatican. Instead he made some copies of Rafael's and Titian's works in
Palazzo Borghese. Malmström returned to Paris in 1860. In the summer of 1863, Malmström left Paris for a new visit to Italy to study.
Return to Sweden
His artistic breakthrough came in January 1864 after his return to Sweden.
In 1866, he exhibited five works at the
General Industrial Exposition of Stockholm (1866) (''Stockholmsutställningen 1866''). He was appointed an apprentice (''agré'') at the Royal Swedish Academy of Art in Stockholm. Subsequently, he was appointed professor of the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts in 1867 where he taught until 1894. He also served as manager of the same institution from 1887 to 1893. Upon his death in 1901, he was buried in the cemetery at
Solna Church
Solna Church ( sv, Solna kyrka) is a so-called round church in Solna Municipality near Stockholm, Sweden. It is part of Solna Parish in the Diocese of Stockholm. The church is located on the headland between Brunnsviken and Ulvsundasjön, at t ...
(''Solna kyrkogård'') near Stockholm.
He bequeathed some 650 watercolors, drawings and 26 sketchbooks to the
Nordic Museum
The Nordic Museum ( sv, Nordiska museet) is a museum located on Djurgården, an island in central Stockholm, Sweden, dedicated to the cultural history and ethnography of Sweden from the early modern period (in Swedish history, it is said to be ...
on
Djurgården.
See also
*
Düsseldorf school of painting
The Düsseldorf school of painting is a term referring to a group of painters who taught or studied at the Düsseldorf Academy (now the Staatliche Kunstakademie Düsseldorf or Düsseldorf State Art Academy) during the 1830s and 1840s, when the A ...
Gallery
Image:Aslaug.JPG, ''Aslaug'' (1850)
Image:Kung Heimer och Aslög.jpg, ''Kung Heimer och Aslög'' (1856)
File:Konung Ellas sändebud inför Ragnar Ladbroks söner (1857) av August Malmström.jpg, ''King Aella's messenger before Ragnar Lodbrok's sons'' (1857)
Image:Orvarodd.jpg, ''Orvar-Odd relates of Hjalmar's death'' (1859)
File:August Malmström - Lekande barn i trädgårdsland.jpg, ''Children playing in garden'' (1866)
Image:Blenda uppmanar - August Malmström 1860.jpg, ''Blenda'' (1860)
File:August Malmström-väva vadmal.JPG, ''Traditional Swedish dance'' (1882)
File:August Malmström.Sketch for Älvaleken.jpg, ''Älvaleken'', a study for the ''Dancing Fairies''
References
Other sources
*Björk, Tomas (1997) ''August Malmström - Grindslantens målare och 1800-talets bildvärld'' (Nordiska Museets Förlag)
*
Facos, Michelle
Michelle Facos (born February 25, 1955) is an American writer and art historian.
Early life
A native of Buffalo, New York, Facos graduated from Kirkland (Hamilton) College in 1976 with a B.A. in art history and comparative literature. Upon gradu ...
(1998) ''Nationalism and the Nordic Imagination: Swedish Art of the 1890s'' (University of California Press)
External links
Nubbekullens hembygdsgård website
{{DEFAULTSORT:Malmstrom, August
1829 births
1901 deaths
People from Östergötland County
People from Motala Municipality
19th-century Swedish painters
Swedish male painters
Symbolist painters
Swedish furniture designers
Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts
Artists from Stockholm
Swedish illustrators
19th-century Swedish male artists
Düsseldorf school of painting