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Attilio Deffenu (28 December 1890 – 16 June 1918) was an Italian journalist, soldier, exponent of Sardinian autonomism and a
Attilio Deffenu (28 December 1890 – 16 June 1918) was an Italian journalist, soldier, exponent of Sardinian autonomism and a syndicalist
Syndicalism is a revolutionary current within the left-wing of the labor movement that seeks to unionize workers according to industry and advance their demands through strikes with the eventual goal of gaining control over the means of pr ...
.
He was born in 1890 in Nuoro
Nuoro ( or less correctly ; sc, Nùgoro ) is a city and ''comune'' (municipality) in central-eastern Sardinia, Italy, situated on the slopes of the Monte Ortobene. It is the capital of the province of Nuoro. With a population of 36,347 (2011), ...
, Sardinia
Sardinia ( ; it, Sardegna, label=Italian, Corsican and Tabarchino ; sc, Sardigna , sdc, Sardhigna; french: Sardaigne; sdn, Saldigna; ca, Sardenya, label=Algherese and Catalan) is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, after ...
, to parents Giuseppe, a merchant and president of the ''Società Operaia di Nuoro'' and Giovanna Sechi, a socialist sympathizer. In 1908, he enrolled in law at the University of Pisa
The University of Pisa ( it, Università di Pisa, UniPi), officially founded in 1343, is one of the oldest universities in Europe.
History
The Origins
The University of Pisa was officially founded in 1343, although various scholars place ...
, where he supported anarchist
Anarchism is a political philosophy and movement that is skeptical of all justifications for authority and seeks to abolish the institutions it claims maintain unnecessary coercion and hierarchy, typically including, though not neces ...
ideologies and sided against the Italian occupation of Libya.
He became correspondent for the ''Giornale d'Italia
''il Giornale'' ( en, The Newspaper) is an Italian language daily newspaper published in Milan, Italy.
History and profile
The newspaper was founded in 1974 by the journalist Indro Montanelli, together with the colleagues Enzo Bettiza, Ferenc F ...
'', engaging actively in political life: joining the revolutionary unionism and, in 1913, fighting against the protectionism customs which favoured factories in Northern Italy
Northern Italy ( it, Italia settentrionale, it, Nord Italia, label=none, it, Alta Italia, label=none or just it, Nord, label=none) is a geographical and cultural region in the northern part of Italy. It consists of eight administrative regions ...
and penalized the economy of Southern Italy
Southern Italy ( it, Sud Italia or ) also known as ''Meridione'' or ''Mezzogiorno'' (), is a macroregion of the Italian Republic consisting of its southern half.
The term ''Mezzogiorno'' today refers to regions that are associated with the peop ...
and the islands
An island (or isle) is an isolated piece of habitat that is surrounded by a dramatically different habitat, such as water. Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets, skerries, cays or keys. An island ...
.
He died on 16 June 1918 in the Battle of the Piave River
The Second Battle of the Piave River, fought between 15 and 23 June 1918, was a decisive victory for the Kingdom of Italy, Italian Army against the Austria-Hungary, Austro-Hungarian Empire during World War I. Though the battle proved to be a de ...
, under the command of his platoon of the infantry Sassari Mechanized Brigade
Sassari (, ; sdc, Sàssari ; sc, Tàtari, ) is an Italian city and the second-largest of Sardinia in terms of population with 127,525 inhabitants, and a Functional Urban Area of about 260,000 inhabitants. One of the oldest cities on the island, ...
, and was decorated with a Gold Medal of Military Valour
The Gold Medal of Military Valour ( it, Medaglia d'oro al valor militare) is an Italian medal established on 21 May 1793 by King Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia for deeds of outstanding gallantry in war by junior officers and soldiers.
The fac ...
.
An armed merchantman
An armed merchantman is a merchant ship equipped with guns, usually for defensive purposes, either by design or after the fact. In the days of sail, piracy and privateers, many merchantmen would be routinely armed, especially those engaging in lo ...
of Regia Marina
The ''Regia Marina'' (; ) was the navy of the Kingdom of Italy (''Regno d'Italia'') from 1861 to 1946. In 1946, with the Italian constitutional referendum, 1946, birth of the Italian Republic (''Repubblica Italiana''), the ''Regia Marina'' ch ...
launched in 1929 was named ''Attilio Deffenu''.
Bibliography
* Camillo Bellieni, Attilio Deffenu e il socialismo in Sardegna, Edizioni della Fondazione Il Nuraghe, Cagliari, 1925. * Lorenzo Del Piano, Attilio Deffenu e la rivista Sardegna, Gallizzi, Sassari, 1963. * Attilio Deffenu, Epistolario (1907-1918), a cura di Mario Ciusa Romagna, Fossataro, Cagliari, 1972. * Sardegna. La rivista di Attilio Deffenu, a cura di Manlio Brigaglia, saggio introduttivo di Giovanni Maria Cherchi, Gallizzi, Sassari, 1976. * Francesco Cucca, Lettere ad Attilio Deffenu (1907-1917), a cura di Simona Pilia, saggio introduttivo di Giuseppe Marci, CUEC, Cagliari, 2005. * Attilio Deffenu, Scritti giornalistici (1907-1916), a cura di Giancarlo Porcu, saggio introduttivo di Gian Giacomo Ortu, Il Maestrale, Nuoro, 2008.See also
*Italian Front (World War I)
The Italian front or Alpine front ( it, Fronte alpino, "Alpine front"; in german: Gebirgskrieg, "Mountain war") involved a series of battles at the border between Austria-Hungary and Italy, fought between 1915 and 1918 in the course of World W ...
References
External links
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Deffenu, Attilio People from Nuoro Italian male journalists Italian military personnel killed in World War I 1890 births 1918 deaths 20th-century Italian journalists 20th-century Italian male writers