Asyneuma
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''Asyneuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the bellflower family, Campanulaceae. They are native to North Africa and Eurasia.''Asyneuma''.
Flora of China.
Many are endemic to Turkey. Plants of the genus may be known commonly as harebells, but this name can also apply to the entire family.''Asyneuma''.
Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
There are up to about 33 species. Characters used to identify ''Asyneuma'' species include a generally wheel-shaped (rotate) corolla with the petals fused at the bases and spreading outward into very narrow lobes, lacking or rudimentary appendages on the
calyx Calyx or calyce (plural "calyces"), from the Latin ''calix'' which itself comes from the Ancient Greek ''κάλυξ'' (''kálux'') meaning "husk" or "pod", may refer to: Biology * Calyx (anatomy), collective name for several cup-like structures ...
, a stigma with 2 to 4 lobes, and an oblong or roughly spherical fruit capsule that breaks open via pores on the sides. These characters are not always helpful in distinguishing ''Asyneuma'' from the closely related genus ''
Campanula ''Campanula'' () is one of several genera of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae commonly known as bellflowers. They take both their common and scientific names from the bell-shaped flowers — ''campanula'' is Latin for "little bell" ...
'', because authors disagree on which character is more important: the extent to which the flower petals are joined versus the position of the pores on the fruit capsule. Molecular data has been required to determine the best genus in which to place certain species.Stefanovic, S. and D. Lakusic. (2009)
Molecular reappraisal confirms that the ''Campanula trichocalycina''-''pichleri'' complex belongs to ''Asyneuma'' (Campanulaceae).
''Bot Serb'' 33, 21-31.
Species include: # '' Asyneuma amplexicaule'' (Willd.) Hand.-Mazz. - Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Caucasus # '' Asyneuma anthericoides'' (Janka) Bornm. - Balkans # ''
Asyneuma argutum ''Asyneuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the bellflower family, Campanulaceae. They are native to North Africa and Eurasia.
'' (Regel) Bornm. - Central Asia # '' Asyneuma babadaghense'' Yildiz & Kit Tan - Turkey # ''
Asyneuma campanuloides ''Asyneuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the bellflower family, Campanulaceae. They are native to North Africa and Eurasia.
'' (M.Bieb. ex Sims) Bornm. - Caucasus # '' Asyneuma canescens'' (Waldst. & Kit.) Griseb. & Schenk - Balkans, Ukraine # ''
Asyneuma chinense ''Asyneuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the bellflower family, Campanulaceae. They are native to North Africa and Eurasia.Asyneuma compactum'' Damboldt - Turkey # '' Asyneuma davisianum'' Yildiz & Kit Tan - Turkey # '' Asyneuma ekimianum'' Yildiz & Kit Tan - Turkey # '' Asyneuma filipes'' (Nábelek) Damboldt - Turkey, Iraq # '' Asyneuma fulgens'' (Wall.) Briq. - Indian Subcontinent, Tibet, Myanmar # '' Asyneuma giganteum'' (Boiss.) Bornm. - Greek Islands # '' Asyneuma ilgazense'' Yildiz & Kit Tan - Turkey # '' Asyneuma isauricum'' Contandr., Quézel & Pamukç - Turkey # '' Asyneuma japonicum'' (Miq.) Briq. - Japan, Korea, Manchuria, Russian Far East # '' Asyneuma junceum'' Parolly - Turkey # '' Asyneuma limonifolium'' (L.) Janch. - Balkans, Italy, Turkey # '' Asyneuma linifolium'' (Boiss. & Heldr.) Bornm. - Turkey # ''
Asyneuma lobelioides ''Asyneuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the bellflower family, Campanulaceae. They are native to North Africa and Eurasia.Asyneuma lycium ''Asyneuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the bellflower family, Campanulaceae. They are native to North Africa and Eurasia.
'' (Boiss.) Bornm. - Turkey # ''
Asyneuma macrodon ''Asyneuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the bellflower family, Campanulaceae. They are native to North Africa and Eurasia.Asyneuma michauxioides'' (Boiss.) Damboldt - Turkey # '' Asyneuma persicum'' (A.DC.) Bornm. - Turkey, Iraq, Iran # '' Asyneuma pulchellum'' (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Bornm.- Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Caucasus # '' Asyneuma pulvinatum'' P.H.Davis - Turkey # ''
Asyneuma rigidum ''Asyneuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the bellflower family, Campanulaceae. They are native to North Africa and Eurasia.
'' (Willd.) Grossh. - Algeria, Caucasus, Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Sinai, Syria # ''
Asyneuma thomsonii ''Asyneuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the bellflower family, Campanulaceae. They are native to North Africa and Eurasia.Asyneuma trichocalycinum ''Asyneuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the bellflower family, Campanulaceae. They are native to North Africa and Eurasia.
'' (Boiss.) Bornm. - Turkey # ''
Asyneuma trichostegium ''Asyneuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the bellflower family, Campanulaceae. They are native to North Africa and Eurasia.Asyneuma virgatum ''Asyneuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the bellflower family, Campanulaceae. They are native to North Africa and Eurasia.Campanuloideae Campanulaceae genera