HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family
Aspleniaceae The Aspleniaceae (spleenworts) are a family of ferns, included in the order Polypodiales. The composition and classification of the family have been subject to considerable changes. In particular, there is a narrow circumscription, Aspleniaceae ...
, though other authors consider ''
Hymenasplenium ''Hymenasplenium'' is one of three genera of ferns in the Aspleniaceae (spleenwort family), in the eupolypods II clade of the order Polypodiales. The others are ''Hemidictyum'' and ''Asplenium''. ''Hymenasplenium'' was segregated because it is a ...
'' separate, based on
molecular phylogenetic Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to ...
analysis of
DNA sequence DNA sequencing is the process of determining the nucleic acid sequence – the order of nucleotides in DNA. It includes any method or technology that is used to determine the order of the four bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. Th ...
s, a different chromosome count, and structural differences in the rhizomes. The type species for the genus is ''
Asplenium marinum ''Asplenium marinum'' is a fern known as the sea spleenwort because of its preference for maritime habitats. Located around the coasts of Europe from Italy in the South to Norway in the North, its most Southern distribution extends to the Norther ...
''. The most common vernacular name is spleenworts, applied to the more "typical" species. '' A. nidus'' and several similar species are called
bird's-nest fern Bird's-nest fern is a common name applied to several related species of epiphytic ferns in the genus ''Asplenium ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other auth ...
s, the ''Camptosorus'' group is known as
walking fern Walking fern may refer to two species of fern in the genus ''Asplenium'' which are occasionally placed in a separate genus ''Camptosorus''. The name "walking fern" derives from the fact that new plantlets grow wherever the arching leaves of the ...
s, and distinct names are applied to some other particularly well-known species.


Taxonomy and genetics

Many groups of species have been separated from ''Asplenium'' as segregate genera. These include ''Camptosorus'', ''Ceterach'', ''Phyllitis'', and ''Tarachia'', but these species can form
hybrid Hybrid may refer to: Science * Hybrid (biology), an offspring resulting from cross-breeding ** Hybrid grape, grape varieties produced by cross-breeding two ''Vitis'' species ** Hybridity, the property of a hybrid plant which is a union of two dif ...
s with other ''Asplenium'' species and because of this are usually included in a more broadly defined ''Asplenium''. Some of the older classifications elevate the Aspleniaceae to the taxonomic rank of
order Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to: * Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood * Heterarchy, a system of organization wherein the elements have the potential to be ranked a number of d ...
as Aspleniales. The newer classifications place it in the subordinal group called eupolypods within the order Polypodiales. Within the eupolypods, Aspleniaceae belongs to a
clade A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, ...
informally and provisionally known as eupolypods II. It has been found that in some species, the
chloroplast A chloroplast () is a type of membrane-bound organelle known as a plastid that conducts photosynthesis mostly in plant and algal cells. The photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll captures the energy from sunlight, converts it, and stores it in ...
genome has evolved in complex and highly unusual ways. This makes standard cladistic analyses unsuited to resolve the phylogeny of that particular group of ferns, and even very sophisticated computational phylogenetics methods yield little information. In addition to hybridization running rampant in parts of this genus, there are also some species like the
mother spleenwort ''Asplenium bulbiferum'', known as mother spleenwort, is a fern species native to New Zealand only. It is also called hen and chicken fern and, in the Māori language, pikopiko, mouku or mauku. Its fronds are eaten as a vegetable. It grows smal ...
(''A. bulbiferum'') or '' A. viviparum'' which mainly
reproduce asexually Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes or change in the number of chromosomes. The offspring that arise by asexual reproduction from either unicellular or multicellular organisms inherit the fu ...
, essentially cloning themselves over and over again. While most are
diploid Ploidy () is the number of complete sets of chromosomes in a cell, and hence the number of possible alleles for autosomal and pseudoautosomal genes. Sets of chromosomes refer to the number of maternal and paternal chromosome copies, respectively ...
or tetraploid, some species (e.g. '' A. shuttleworthianum'') are octoploid.


Uses

Both the scientific name and the common name "spleenwort" are derived from an old belief, based on the doctrine of signatures, that the fern was useful for ailments of the spleen, due to the spleen-shaped sori on the backs of the fronds. "-wort" is an ancient English term that simply means " plant" (compare
German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ger ...
''-wurz''). The plants were thought to cause
infertility Infertility is the inability of a person, animal or plant to reproduce by natural means. It is usually not the natural state of a healthy adult, except notably among certain eusocial species (mostly haplodiploid insects). It is the normal state ...
in women. Vitruvius relates the story of the name thus:
... certain pastures in Crete, on each side of the river Pothereus, which separates the two Cretan states of Gnosus and Gortyna. There are cattle at pasture on the right and left banks of that river, but while the cattle that feed near Gnosus have the usual spleen, those on the other side near Gortyna have no perceptible spleen. On investigating the subject, physicians discovered on this side a kind of herb which the cattle chew and thus make their spleen small. The herb is therefore gathered and used as a medicine for the cure of splenetic people. The Cretans call it ἄσπληνον.
A few of these ferns have some economic importance in the horticulture trade. The
bird's-nest fern Bird's-nest fern is a common name applied to several related species of epiphytic ferns in the genus ''Asplenium ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other auth ...
s ('' A. nidus'' and several very similar, closely related species) are commonly found for sale as a house plant. The Australian
mother spleenwort ''Asplenium bulbiferum'', known as mother spleenwort, is a fern species native to New Zealand only. It is also called hen and chicken fern and, in the Māori language, pikopiko, mouku or mauku. Its fronds are eaten as a vegetable. It grows smal ...
(''A. bulbiferum'') is sometimes available at
greenhouse A greenhouse (also called a glasshouse, or, if with sufficient heating, a hothouse) is a structure with walls and roof made chiefly of Transparent ceramics, transparent material, such as glass, in which plants requiring regulated climatic condit ...
s, and is of interest, along with the related '' A. viviparum'', for the many small bulblets borne on the fronds that may grow into new plants. This characteristic is also shared with the eastern North American
walking fern Walking fern may refer to two species of fern in the genus ''Asplenium'' which are occasionally placed in a separate genus ''Camptosorus''. The name "walking fern" derives from the fact that new plantlets grow wherever the arching leaves of the ...
(''A. rhizophyllum'') and several Mexican species including '' A. palmeri''. The
ebony spleenwort ''Asplenium platyneuron'' (syn. ''Asplenium ebeneum''), commonly known as ebony spleenwort or brownstem spleenwort, is a fern native to North America east of the Rocky Mountains. It takes its common name from its dark, reddish-brown, glossy sti ...
''A. platyneuron'' is also sometimes sold in nurseries as a hardy plant. However, many spleenworts are epipetric or
epiphytic An epiphyte is an organism that grows on the surface of a plant and derives its moisture and nutrients from the air, rain, water (in marine environments) or from debris accumulating around it. The plants on which epiphytes grow are called phoroph ...
and difficult to cultivate. ''Asplenium'' species are used as food plants by the larvae of some
Lepidoptera Lepidoptera ( ) is an order (biology), order of insects that includes butterfly, butterflies and moths (both are called lepidopterans). About 180,000 species of the Lepidoptera are described, in 126 Family (biology), families and 46 Taxonomic r ...
species including ''
Batrachedra bedelliella ''Batrachedrodes bedelliella'' is a moth of the family Momphidae. It was first described by Thomas de Grey, 6th Baron Walsingham, Lord Walsingham in 1907. It is endemic to the Hawaiian islands. As of 1978, the distribution is not entirely clear. ...
'' which feeds exclusively on ''A. nidus''. For diseases of ''Asplenium'', see
List of foliage plant diseases (Polypodiaceae) This is a list of diseases of foliage plants belonging to the family Polypodiaceae Polypodiaceae is a family of ferns. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the family includes around 65 genera and an estimated 1,65 ...
.


Selected species

* ''
Asplenium adiantum-nigrum ''Asplenium adiantum-nigrum'' is a common species of fern known by the common name black spleenwort. It is found mostly in Africa, Europe, and Eurasia, but is also native to a few locales in Mexico and the United States. Description This splee ...
'' L.black spleenwort (= ''A. lucidum'' Burm.f.) ** ''Asplenium adiantum-nigrum'' ssp. ''adiantum-nigrum'' ** ''Asplenium adiantum-nigrum'' ssp. ''serpentini'' (Tausch) Koch * ''
Asplenium adulterinum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a different ...
'' Milde
ladder spleenwort A ladder is a vertical or inclined set of rungs or steps used for climbing or descending. There are two types: rigid ladders that are self-supporting or that may be leaned against a vertical surface such as a wall, and rollable ladders, such ...
* ''
Asplenium aequibasis ''Asplenium aequibasis'' is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae. It is found in Tristan da Cunha. Its natural habitat is subantarctic shrubland Shrubland, scrubland, scrub, brush, or bush is a plant community characterized by veg ...
'' * ''
Asplenium aethiopicum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a different ...
'' * '' Asplenium africanum'' * ''
Asplenium × alternifolium ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider '' Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a differe ...
'' Wulf. * ''
Asplenium anceps ''Asplenium anceps'' is a diploid fern of family Aspleniaceae and one of the ancestors of the ferns that form the trichomanes complex. It lives exclusively in the three northernmost archipelagoes of the Macaronesian region, that is, is an endemic ...
'' * '' Asplenium angustum'' Sw. * ''
Asplenium antiquum ''Asplenium antiquum'' is a fern of the group known as bird's-nest ferns. In Japanese it is known by ''ō-tani-watari '' and ''tani-watari''. Description ''Asplenium antiquum'' is an evergreen fern, 2–3 ft. (60–90 cm). It has b ...
'' Makino * ''
Asplenium ascensionis ''Asplenium ascensionis'' is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae. It is endemic to Ascension Island. Its natural habitats are receding due to introduced vegetation. It is threatened by habitat loss Habitat destruction (also term ...
'' S.Watson * '' Asplenium attenuatum'' R.Br. * ''
Asplenium aureum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a differ ...
'' (sometimes in ''Ceterach'') * '' Asplenium auritum'' * ''
Asplenium australasicum ''Asplenium australasicum'', the bird's nest fern or crow's nest fern, is an epiphytic Australasian species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae. Taxonomy ''Asplenium australasicum'' was originally described by English botanist John Smith in 1857 ...
'' (J.Sm.) Hook.
crow's-nest fern ''Asplenium australasicum'', the bird's nest fern or crow's nest fern, is an epiphytic Australasian species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae. Taxonomy ''Asplenium australasicum'' was originally described by English botanist John Smith in 1857 ...
** ''Asplenium australasicum'' f. ''australasicum'' ** ''Asplenium australasicum'' f. ''robinsonii'' * ''
Asplenium azoricum ''Asplenium azoricum'' is a fern from hybrid origin of the family Aspleniaceae, descendant of the Macaronesian ancestral fern ''Asplenium anceps''. It lives exclusively in the Azores ) , motto =( en, "Rather die free than subjected in peace") ...
'' Lovis, Rasbach & Reichst. * ''
Asplenium bifrons ''Asplenium bifrons'' is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador. It is known only from one population in Pichincha Province. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened b ...
'' * ''
Asplenium billottii ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a different ...
'' – lanceolate spleenwort * ''
Asplenium bipinnatifidum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a different ...
'' * '' Asplenium brachycarpum'' * ''
Asplenium bradleyi ''Asplenium bradleyi'', commonly known as Bradley's spleenwort or cliff spleenwort, is a rare epipetric fern of east-central North America. Named after Professor Frank Howe Bradley, who first collected it in Tennessee, it may be found infrequen ...
'' * ''
Asplenium bulbiferum ''Asplenium bulbiferum'', known as mother spleenwort, is a fern species native to New Zealand only. It is also called hen and chicken fern and, in the Māori language, pikopiko, mouku or mauku. Its fronds are eaten as a vegetable. It grows sma ...
'' –
mother spleenwort ''Asplenium bulbiferum'', known as mother spleenwort, is a fern species native to New Zealand only. It is also called hen and chicken fern and, in the Māori language, pikopiko, mouku or mauku. Its fronds are eaten as a vegetable. It grows smal ...
, hen and chickens fern, ''mouku'' (
Māori Māori or Maori can refer to: Relating to the Māori people * Māori people of New Zealand, or members of that group * Māori language, the language of the Māori people of New Zealand * Māori culture * Cook Islanders, the Māori people of the C ...
) * '' Asplenium carnarvonense'' - Brownsey * '' Asplenium caudatum'' * ''
Asplenium ceterach ''Asplenium ceterach'' ( syn. ''Ceterach officinarum'') is a fern species commonly known as rustyback. Description It is characterised by a short rhizome which gives rise to several green fronds that have a pinnated lamina with trichomes on the ...
'' – rustyback fern (sometimes in ''Ceterach'') * ''
Asplenium chathamense ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a different ...
'' Brownsey * '' Asplenium chihuahuense'' Baker * '' Asplenium compressum'' Sw. * ''
Asplenium congestum ''Asplenium congestum'' is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habi ...
'' * '' Asplenium corderoanum'' * '' Asplenium crinicaule'' * ''
Asplenium cristatum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a different ...
'' * ''
Asplenium cuneifolium ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family (biology), family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA seque ...
'' Viv. (= ''A. forsteri'' ''auct. non'' Sadl.) –
serpentine spleenwort Serpentine may refer to: Shapes * Serpentine shape, a shape resembling a serpent * Serpentine curve, a mathematical curve * Serpentine, a type of riding figure Science and nature * Serpentine subgroup, a group of minerals * Serpentinite, a ...
* ''
Asplenium cymbifolium ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a differ ...
'' * ''
Asplenium daghestanicum ''Asplenium daghestanicum'', the Dagestanian spleenwort, is a species of spleenwort that is endemic to Dagestan Dagestan ( ; rus, Дагеста́н, , dəɡʲɪˈstan, links=yes), officially the Republic of Dagestan (russian: Респ ...
'' H.Christ – Dagestanian spleenwort * ''
Asplenium dalhousiae ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a differ ...
'' (sometimes in ''Ceterach'') * '' Asplenium dareoides'' * ''
Asplenium daucifolium ''Asplenium daucifolium'' (common name Mauritius spleenwort) is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae, endemic to the Mascarene Islands The Mascarene Islands (, ) or Mascarenes or Mascarenhas Archipelago is a group of islands in the ...
'' –
Mauritius spleenwort ''Asplenium daucifolium'' (common name Mauritius spleenwort) is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae, Endemism, endemic to the Mascarene Islands. Taxonomy A global phylogeny of ''Asplenium'' published in 2020 divided the genus into ele ...
* '' Asplenium difforme'' R.Br. * '' Asplenium fissum'' * '' Asplenium dimorphum'' –
Norfolk Island Spleenwort ''Asplenium dimorphum'', the Norfolk Island spleenwort, is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae, endemic to Norfolk Island Norfolk Island (, ; Norfuk: ''Norf'k Ailen'') is an external territory of Australia located in the Pacif ...
* ''
Asplenium divaricatum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a differ ...
'' * '' Asplenium dregeanum'' * ''
Asplenium × ebenoides ''Asplenium'' × ''ebenoides'' (Scott's spleenwort, dragon tail fern or walking spleenwort) is a hybrid fern native to eastern North America, part of the "Appalachian ''Asplenium'' complex" of related hybrids. The sterile offspring of the w ...
'' R.R.Scott * '' Asplenium ecuadorense'' Stolze * ''
Asplenium feei ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a differ ...
'' Kunze ex Fée * '' Asplenium fissum'' * ''
Asplenium flabellifolium ''Asplenium flabellifolium'' is commonly known as the necklace fern. This small fern occurs in all states of Australia, as well as in New Zealand. It was initially described by Spanish botanist bowo tiktod Antonio José Cavanilles. Its natural ...
'' –
necklace fern Necklace fern is a common name for several plants and may refer to: *''Asplenium flabellifolium'', native to Australia and New Zealand *''Lindsaea ''Lindsaea'', common name necklace fern, is a genus of around 180 species of fern, 15 of which rea ...
* ''
Asplenium flaccidum ''Asplenium flaccidum'' is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae. The plant common name is drooping spleenwort or weeping spleenwort, and the species name ''flaccidum'' derives from the Latin root meaning ''drooping''. An example occurrenc ...
'' G.Forst.
weeping spleenwort ''Asplenium flaccidum'' is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae. The plant common name is drooping spleenwort or weeping spleenwort, and the species name ''flaccidum'' derives from the Latin root meaning ''drooping''. An example occurrenc ...
,
hanging spleenwort ''Asplenium flaccidum'' is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae. The plant common name is drooping spleenwort or weeping spleenwort, and the species name ''flaccidum'' derives from the Latin root meaning ''drooping''. An example occurrenc ...
* ''
Asplenium fontanum ''Asplenium fontanum'', commonly known as fountain spleenwort or smooth rock spleenwort, is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae, native to rocky areas in Western Europe. Description ''Asplenium fontanum'' is a rhizomatous fern with fro ...
'' (L.) Bernh.
smooth rock spleenwort ''Asplenium fontanum'', commonly known as fountain spleenwort or smooth rock spleenwort, is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae, native to rocky areas in Western Europe. Description ''Asplenium fontanum'' is a Rhizome, rhizomatous fern ...
* ''
Asplenium forisiense ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a different ...
'' – rock spleenwort * '' Asplenium formosum'' * '' Asplenium gemmiferum'' Schrad. * ''
Asplenium × germanicum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider '' Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a differe ...
'' * ''
Asplenium gueinzii ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family (biology), family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA seque ...
'' Mett. * ''
Asplenium goudeyi ''Asplenium goudeyi'' is a fern only found on Lord Howe Island. A common plant growing in a variety of situations. On trees, or rocks, boulders, cliff faces and sometimes in exposed positions. The wavy edged fronds are 50 to 75 cm long, a ...
'' Lord Howe Island *''
Asplenium haughtonii ''Asplenium haughtonii'', also known as the Barn fern, is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae. It is native to Saint Helena. Taxonomy A global phylogeny of ''Asplenium'' published in 2020 divided the genus into eleven clades, which were ...
'' – Barn Fern * ''
Asplenium hemionitis ''Asplenium hemionitis'' is a species of fern native to Macaronesia, Northwest Africa and mainland Portugal. It inhabits humid woods and other shady areas, sometimes in uncovered slopes subject to high ocean humidity. Linnaeus was the first to d ...
'' * ''
Asplenium hermannii-christii ''Asplenium hermannii-christii'', Hermann Christ's asplenium, is a species of spleenwort that is endemic to Georgia. It is known from only one location, in the Bzyb River gorge in Abkhazia Abkhazia, ka, აფხაზეთი, tr, , xmf, ...
'' Fomin – Hermann Christ's asplenium * ''
Asplenium hookerianum ''Asplenium hookerianum'', commonly known as Hooker's spleenwort, rocklax and maidenhair fern, is a small fern native to New Zealand and Australia. Description This small fern may be found two forms. The ''broad-pinnuled'' version's fronds ha ...
'' Colenso * ''
Asplenium hybridum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a different ...
'' * ''
Asplenium incisum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a different ...
'' * ''
Asplenium × jacksonii ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider '' Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a differe ...
'' Alston – Jackson's spleenwort (sterile, triploid hybrid between ''
Asplenium adiantum-nigrum ''Asplenium adiantum-nigrum'' is a common species of fern known by the common name black spleenwort. It is found mostly in Africa, Europe, and Eurasia, but is also native to a few locales in Mexico and the United States. Description This splee ...
'' and ''
Asplenium scolopendrium ''Asplenium scolopendrium'', commonly known as the hart's-tongue fern, is an evergreen fern in the genus ''Asplenium'' native to the Northern Hemisphere. Description The most striking and unusual feature of the fern is its simple, undivided fron ...
'') * '' Asplenium × kenzoi'' - oni-hinokishida, cultivated in Japan * ''
Asplenium komarovii ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a different ...
'' - Akasawa * '' Asplenium laciniatum'' * ''
Asplenium lamprophyllum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family (biology), family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA seque ...
'' Carse * ''
Asplenium laserpitiifolium ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a different ...
'' – Johnston River fern * ''
Asplenium lepidum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a differ ...
'' C.Presl * ''
Asplenium listeri ''Asplenium listeri'', commonly known as the Christmas Island spleenwort, is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae. It is endemism, endemic to Christmas Island, an Australian territory in the northeastern Indian Ocean. Its specific name (b ...
'' – Christmas Island spleenwort * ''
Asplenium longissimum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family (biology), family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA seque ...
'' * ''
Asplenium lucidum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family (biology), family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA seque ...
'' * ''
Asplenium lunulatum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family (biology), family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA seque ...
'' – Hen-and-chicks * ''
Asplenium lyallii ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family (biology), family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA seque ...
'' * ''
Asplenium macedonicum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family (biology), family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA seque ...
'' * '' Asplenium majoricum'' * ''
Asplenium marinum ''Asplenium marinum'' is a fern known as the sea spleenwort because of its preference for maritime habitats. Located around the coasts of Europe from Italy in the South to Norway in the North, its most Southern distribution extends to the Norther ...
'' – sea spleenwort * ''
Asplenium × microdon ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider '' Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a differe ...
'' T Moore – Moore's spleenwort (hybrid between ''Asplenium scolopendrium'' and ''Asplenium obovatum'' subsp ''lanceolatum'') * ''
Asplenium milnei ''Asplenium milnei'' is a ground fern only found on Lord Howe Island Lord Howe Island (; formerly Lord Howe's Island) is an irregularly crescent-shaped volcanic remnant in the Tasman Sea between Australia and New Zealand, part of the A ...
'' Carruth * '' Asplenium montanum'' –
mountain spleenwort ''Asplenium montanum'', commonly known as the mountain spleenwort, is a small fern endemic to the eastern United States. It is found primarily in the Appalachian Mountains from Vermont to Alabama, with a few isolated populations in the Ozarks ...
* '' Asplenium musifolium'' * '' Asplenium nidus'' – bird's-nest fern * ''
Asplenium normale ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider '' Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a different ...
'' * ''
Asplenium obliquum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider '' Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a differe ...
'' * '' Asplenium oblongifolium'' Colenso
shining spleenwort ''Asplenium oblongifolium'' is a native species of fern from New Zealand. The plant's common name is shining spleenwort and its Māori name is huruhuruwhenua. ''A. oblongifolium'' is found on the North, South, Chatham and Kermadec Kermadec or de ...
(= ''A. lucidum'' ''auct. non'' Burm.f., ''sensu'' G.Forst.) * ''
Asplenium obovatum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a different ...
'' * ''
Asplenium obtusatum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a different ...
'' G.Forst. ** ''Asplenium obtusatum'' ssp. ''northlandicum'' (Brownsey) Ogle (possibly distinct species) ** ''Asplenium obtusatum'' 'Chile' (possibly distinct species, sometimes included in ''A. obliquum'') * ''
Asplenium oligolepidum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family (biology), family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA seque ...
'' C.Chr. (= ''A. lucidum'' ''auct. non'' Burm.f., ''sensu'' G.Forst.) * ''
Asplenium oligophlebium ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family (biology), family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA seque ...
'' * ''
Asplenium onopteris ''Asplenium onopteris'', known as the Irish spleenwort or western black spleenwort, is a species of fern mostly found throughout the Mediterranean Basin but also around the Eastern Atlantic. Description It is difficult to identify compared with ...
'' L.western black spleenwort,
Irish spleenwort ''Asplenium onopteris'', known as the Irish spleenwort or western black spleenwort, is a species of fern mostly found throughout the Mediterranean Basin but also around the Eastern Atlantic. Description It is difficult to identify compared with ...
(sometimes included in ''A. adiantum-nigrum'') * ''
Asplenium pacificum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family (biology), family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA seque ...
'' * ''
Asplenium paleaceum ''Asplenium paleaceum'', the chaffy spleenwort, is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae. Found growing on rocks, usually along rainforest creek banks in Queensland, from the McIlwraith Range to about Maryborough, Queensland. Also known ...
'' R.Br.chaffy spleenwort * '' Asplenium palmeri'' * ''
Asplenium parvum ''Asplenium parvum'' is a plant in the spleenwort group of ferns. An epiphytic fern, seen growing on rocks and trees in tropical rainforests, usually at high altitude in Queensland. The specific epithet ''parvum'' is derived from latin, meaning ...
'' * ''
Asplenium petrarchae ''Asplenium petrarchae'' is a tiny fern of the family Aspleniaceae. Its fronds are densely pubescent-glandular with length between 5 and 14 cm. Petiole less than the sheet of dark brown and shiny. Sores along the central line of the pinnae ...
'' * ''
Asplenium pinnatifidum ''Asplenium pinnatifidum'', commonly known as the lobed spleenwort or pinnatifid spleenwort, is a small fern found principally in the Appalachian Mountains and the Shawnee Hills, growing in rock crevices in moderately acid to subacid strata. Orig ...
'' –
lobed spleenwort ''Asplenium pinnatifidum'', commonly known as the lobed spleenwort or pinnatifid spleenwort, is a small fern found principally in the Appalachian Mountains and the Shawnee Hills, growing in rock crevices in moderately acid to subacid strata. Or ...
* '' Asplenium planicaule'' * ''
Asplenium platybasis ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family (biology), family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA seque ...
'' Kunze ex Mett. * ''
Asplenium platyneuron ''Asplenium platyneuron'' (syn. ''Asplenium ebeneum''), commonly known as ebony spleenwort or brownstem spleenwort, is a fern native to North America east of the Rocky Mountains. It takes its common name from its dark, reddish-brown, glossy sti ...
'' –
ebony spleenwort ''Asplenium platyneuron'' (syn. ''Asplenium ebeneum''), commonly known as ebony spleenwort or brownstem spleenwort, is a fern native to North America east of the Rocky Mountains. It takes its common name from its dark, reddish-brown, glossy sti ...
* '' Asplenium polyodon'' G.Forst.sickle spleenwort * ''
Asplenium praemorsum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a differ ...
'' * ''
Asplenium prolongatum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family (biology), family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA seque ...
'' Hook. * ''
Asplenium pteridoides ''Asplenium pteridoides'' is a species of terrestrial fern in the family Aspleniaceae. It is endemic to Australia's subtropical Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea The Tasman Sea (Māori: ''Te Tai-o-Rēhua'', ) is a marginal sea of the Sou ...
'' Baker * '' Asplenium resiliens'' –
black-stemmed spleenwort ''Asplenium resiliens'', the blackstem spleenwort or little ebony spleenwort, is a species of fern native to the Western Hemisphere, ranging from the southern United States south to Uruguay, including parts of the Caribbean. Found on limestone s ...
* '' Asplenium rhizophyllum'' – American walking fern (sometimes in ''Camptosorus'') * ''
Asplenium richardii ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a differen ...
'' * ''
Asplenium ruprechtii ''Asplenium ruprechtii'', which goes by the common name Asian Walking Fern, is a rare, hardy, low-lying fern native to East Asia. It is a close relative of ''Asplenium rhizophyllum'' (syn: ''Camptosorus rhizophyllus'') which is found in North Am ...
'' –
Asian walking fern ''Asplenium ruprechtii'', which goes by the common name Asian Walking Fern, is a rare, hardy, low-lying fern native to East Asia. It is a close relative of '' Asplenium rhizophyllum'' (syn: ''Camptosorus rhizophyllus'') which is found in North A ...
(sometimes in ''Camptosorus'') * ''
Asplenium ruta-muraria ''Asplenium ruta-muraria'' is a species of fern commonly known as wall-rue (but which, as a fern, is not by any means closely related to common rue). It is a very small epipetric species, growing exclusively on limestone and other calcareous ro ...
'' L.
wall-rue ''Asplenium ruta-muraria'' is a species of fern commonly known as wall-rue (but which, as a fern, is not by any means closely related to common rue). It is a very small epipetric species, growing exclusively on limestone and other calcareous ro ...
* ''
Asplenium rutifolium ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a different ...
'' * '' Asplenium sagittatum'' – Mule's spleenwort (sometimes in ''Phyllitis'') * ''
Asplenium sandersonii ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family (biology), family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA seque ...
'' Hook. * ''
Asplenium × sarniense ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family (biology), family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA seque ...
'' Sleep Guernsey Spleenwort * ''
Asplenium schizotrichum ''Asplenium schizotrichum'' is a species of spleenwort that is endemic to the island of Rarotonga in the Cook Islands ) , image_map = Cook Islands on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg , capital ...
'' Copel. * ''
Asplenium schweinfurthii ''Asplenium schweinfurthii'' is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae. It is endemic to Yemen. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland. It is threatened by habitat loss ...
'' * '' Asplenium scleroprium'' * ''
Asplenium scolopendrium ''Asplenium scolopendrium'', commonly known as the hart's-tongue fern, is an evergreen fern in the genus ''Asplenium'' native to the Northern Hemisphere. Description The most striking and unusual feature of the fern is its simple, undivided fron ...
'' –
hart's-tongue fern ''Asplenium scolopendrium'', commonly known as the hart's-tongue fern, is an evergreen fern in the genus ''Asplenium'' native to the Northern Hemisphere. Description The most striking and unusual feature of the fern is its simple, undivided fron ...
(sometimes in ''Phyllitis'') ** ''Asplenium scolopendrium'' var. ''americanum'' – American Hart's-tongue * '' Asplenium seelosii'' * '' Asplenium septentrionale'' –
forked spleenwort ''Asplenium septentrionale'' is a species of fern known by the common names northern spleenwort and forked spleenwort. It is native to Europe, Asia and western North America, where it grows on rocks. Its long, slender leaves give it a distinctive ...
, northern spleenwort * '' Asplenium septentrionale × trichomanes'' Wulf. * ''
Asplenium serra ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a different ...
'' * ''
Asplenium serratum ''Asplenium serratum'', the bird's nest spleenwort, wild birdnest fern, or New World birdnest fern, is a fern of the New World/Americas. Distribution The fern is native to tropical Brazil, the Caribbean, and Florida of the Southeastern United St ...
'' –
wild bird's-nest fern ''Asplenium serratum'', the bird's nest spleenwort, wild birdnest fern, or New World birdnest fern, is a fern of the New World/Americas. Distribution The fern is native to tropical Brazil, the Caribbean, and Florida of the Southeastern United S ...
* ''
Asplenium sessilifolium ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider '' Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a differ ...
'' * '' Asplenium shuttleworthianum'' Kunze * ''
Asplenium simplicifrons ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a different ...
'' F.Muell. * '' Asplenium splendens'' * ''
Asplenium surrogatum ''Asplenium surrogatum'' is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae. It is endemic to Australia's subtropical Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea. It grows both terrestrially and as an epiphyte. It occurs in forest at high elevations on the ...
'' P.S.Green * ''
Asplenium tenerum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider '' Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a differe ...
'' G.Forst. * '' Asplenium terrestre'' * ''
Asplenium theciferum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a differ ...
'' (Kunth) Mett. * '' Asplenium thunbergii'' * ''
Asplenium trichomanes ''Asplenium trichomanes'', the maidenhair spleenwort, is a small fern in the spleenwort genus ''Asplenium''. It is a widespread and common species, occurring almost worldwide in a variety of rocky habitats. It is a variable fern with several subs ...
'' –
maidenhair spleenwort ''Asplenium trichomanes'', the maidenhair spleenwort, is a small fern in the spleenwort genus ''Asplenium''. It is a widespread and common species, occurring almost worldwide in a variety of rocky habitats. It is a variable fern with several subs ...
** ''Asplenium trichomanes'' ssp. ''quadrivalens'' D.E. Meyer ** ''Asplenium trichomanes'' ssp. ''trichomanes'' ** ''Asplenium trichomanes'' subsp. ''coriaceifolium'' * ''
Asplenium tutwilerae ''Asplenium tutwilerae'' (Tutwiler's spleenwort or Scott's fertile spleenwort) is a rare epipetric fern found only in Hale County, Alabama, United States. ''A. tutwilerae'' is a fertile allotetraploid, formed by the chromosomal doubling o ...
'' B.R.Keener & L.J.Davenport * ''
Asplenium vespertinum ''Asplenium vespertinum'' is a species of fern known by the common name western spleenwort. It is native to southern California and Baja California, where it grows in moist, shady, rocky places, such as the shadows beneath cliff overhangs. The l ...
'' * '' Asplenium vieillardii'' Mett. * ''
Asplenium virens ''Asplenium virens'' is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae. It is Endemism, endemic to Ecuador, where it is found in coastal forests. This habitat is habitat fragmentation, fragmented and degraded, and habitat loss is the main threat to ...
'' * ''
Asplenium viride ''Asplenium viride'' is a species of fern known as the green spleenwort because of its green stipes and rachides. This feature easily distinguishes it from the very similar-looking maidenhair spleenwort, ''Asplenium trichomanes''. Taxonomy Gr ...
'' –
green spleenwort ''Asplenium viride'' is a species of fern known as the green spleenwort because of its green Stipe (botany), stipes and rachis, rachides. This feature easily distinguishes it from the very similar-looking maidenhair spleenwort, ''Asplenium trich ...
* ''
Asplenium vittiforme ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a different ...
'' * ''
Asplenium viviparum ''Asplenium'' is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider ''Hymenasplenium'' separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a different ...
''


See also

*
Mount Asplenium Mount Asplenium is a mountain in the Main Range of south-east Queensland, Australia. It is protected within the Main Range National Park. The summit can be reached by hiking south from Mount Huntley, however there is no marked trail so only exp ...
* '' Phyllocladus aspleniifolius'' (Celery-top Pine, a
conifer Conifers are a group of conifer cone, cone-bearing Spermatophyte, seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms. Scientifically, they make up the phylum, division Pinophyta (), also known as Coniferophyta () or Coniferae. The division contains a single ...
with ''Asplenium''-like leaves) * ''Asplenium'' hybrids


References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q5347305 Epiphytes Fern genera Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus