''Asperula'', commonly known as woodruff, is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...
of
flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...
s in the
family
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...
Rubiaceae
The Rubiaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules a ...
. It contains 194 species and has a wide distribution area from Europe, northern Africa, temperate and subtropical Asia to
Australasia
Australasia is a region that comprises Australia, New Zealand and some neighbouring islands in the Pacific Ocean. The term is used in a number of different contexts, including geopolitically, physiogeographically, philologically, and ecologi ...
.
Species
* ''
Asperula abbreviata''
(Halacsy) Rech.f.
* ''
Asperula abchasica''
V.I.Krecz.
* ''
Asperula accrescens''
Klokov
* ''
Asperula acuminata''
I.Thomps.
* ''
Asperula affinis''
Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
& A.Huet
* ''
Asperula albiflora''
Popov
* ''
Asperula ambleia''
Airy Shaw - Stiff woodruff
* ''
Asperula apuana''
(Fiori) Arrigoni
* ''
Asperula arcadiensis''
Sims
* ''
Asperula aristata''
L.f.
* ''
Asperula arvensis''
L. - Blue woodruff
* ''
Asperula assamica''
Meisn.
Carl Daniel Friedrich Meissner (1 November 1800 – 2 May 1874) was a Swiss botanist.
Biography
Born in Bern, Switzerland on 1 November 1800, he was christened Meisner but later changed the spelling of his name to Meissner. For most of his 40 ...
* ''
Asperula asterocephala''
Bornm.
* ''
Asperula asthenes''
Airy Shaw - Trailing Woodruff
* ''
Asperula azerbaidjanica''
Mam
* ''
Asperula badachschenica''
Pachom.
* ''
Asperula baenitzii''
Heldr. ex Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
* ''
Asperula balchanica''
Bobrov
* ''
Asperula baldaccii''
(Halacsy) Ehrend.
* ''
Asperula beckiana''
Degen
* ''
Asperula biebersteinii''
V.I.Krecz
* ''
Asperula boissieri''
Heldr. ex Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
* ''
Asperula borbasiana''
(Korica) Korica
* ''
Asperula bornmuelleri''
Velen. ex Bornm.
* ''
Asperula boryana''
(Walp.) Ehrend.
* ''
Asperula botschantzevii''
Pachom.
* ''
Asperula brachyantha''
Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
* ''
Asperula brachyphylla''
Trigas & Iatrou
* ''
Asperula breviflora''
Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
* ''
Asperula brevifolia''
Vent.
* ''
Asperula bryoides''
Stapf
* ''
Asperula calabra''
(Fiori) Gavioli
* ''
Asperula capitata''
Kit. ex Schult.
* ''
Asperula capitellata''
Hausskn. & Bornm.
* ''
Asperula carpatica''
Morariu
* ''
Asperula charophyton''
Airy Shaw - Strapleaf woodruff
* ''
Asperula chlorantha''
Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
& Heldr.
* ''
Asperula ciliatula''
Pachom.
* ''
Asperula cilicia''
Hausskn. ex Ehrend.
* ''
Asperula comosa''
Schönb.-Tem.
* ''
Asperula conferta''
Hook.f.
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker (30 June 1817 – 10 December 1911) was a British botanist and explorer in the 19th century. He was a founder of geographical botany and Charles Darwin's closest friend. For twenty years he served as director of ...
- Common woodruff
* ''
Asperula congesta''
Tschern.
* ''
Asperula crassifolia''
L.
* ''
Asperula crassula''
Greuter & Zaffran
* ''
Asperula cretacea''
Willd.
Carl Ludwig Willdenow (22 August 1765 – 10 July 1812) was a German botanist, pharmacist, and plant taxonomist. He is considered one of the founders of phytogeography, the study of the geographic distribution of plants. Willdenow was al ...
ex Roem.
Johann Jacob Roemer (8 January 1763, Zurich – 15 January 1819) was a physician and professor of botany in Zurich, Switzerland. He was also an entomologist.
With Austrian botanist Joseph August Schultes, he published the 16th edition of Carl ...
& Schult.
* ''
Asperula cristata''
(Sommier & Levier) V.I.Krecz
* ''
Asperula cunninghamii''
Airy Shaw & Turrill - Twining woodruff
* ''
Asperula cymulosa''
(Post) Post
* ''
Asperula cynanchica''
L. - Squinancywort
* ''
Asperula cypria''
Ehrend.
* ''
Asperula cyrenaica''
(E.A.Durand & Barratte) Pamp.
* ''
Asperula czukavinae''
Pachom. & Karim
* ''
Asperula dasyantha''
Klokov
* ''
Asperula deficiens''
Viv.
* ''
Asperula diminuta''
Klokov
* ''
Asperula doerfleri''
Wettst.
* ''
Asperula elonea''
Iatrou & Goergiadis
* ''
Asperula euboea''
(Ehrend.) ined.
* ''
Asperula euryphylla''
Airy Shaw & Turrill
* ''
Asperula fedtschenkoi''
Ovcz. & Tschernov
* ''
Asperula fragillima''
Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
& Hausskn.
* ''
Asperula friabilis''
Schönb.-Tem.
* ''
Asperula galioides''
M.Bieb.
* ''
Asperula garganica''
Huter
* ''
Asperula gemella''
Airy Shaw & Turrill - Twin-leaved bedstraw
* ''
Asperula geminifolia''
F.Muell.
* ''
Asperula glabrata''
Tschern.
* ''
Asperula glareosa''
Ehrend.
* ''
Asperula glomerata''
(M.Bieb.) Griseb.
* ''
Asperula gobica''
ined.
* ''
Asperula gorganica''
Schönb.-Tem. & Ehrend.
* ''
Asperula gracilis''
C.A.Mey.
* ''
Asperula graveolens''
M.Bieb. ex Schult. & Schult.f.
* ''
Asperula gunnii''
Hook.f.
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker (30 June 1817 – 10 December 1911) was a British botanist and explorer in the 19th century. He was a founder of geographical botany and Charles Darwin's closest friend. For twenty years he served as director of ...
- Mountain woodruff
* ''
Asperula gussonei''
Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
- Alpine Woodruff
* ''
Asperula haphneola''
O.Schwarz
* ''
Asperula hercegovina''
Degen
* ''
Asperula hexaphylla''
All.
* ''
Asperula hirsuta''
Desf.
* ''
Asperula hirta''
Ramond
* ''
Asperula hoskingii''
I.Thomps.
* ''
Asperula icarica''
Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.
* ''
Asperula idaea''
Halacsy
* ''
Asperula inopinata''
Schönb.-Tem.
* ''
Asperula insignis''
(Vatke) Ehrend.
* ''
Asperula insolita''
Pachom.
* ''
Asperula intersita''
Klokov
* ''
Asperula x jordanii''
E.P.Perrier & Songeon
* ''
Asperula karategini''
Pachom. & Karim.
* ''
Asperula kemulariae''
Manden.
* ''
Asperula kotschyana''
(Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
& Hohen.) Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
* ''
Asperula kovalevskiana''
Pachom.
* ''
Asperula kryloviana''
Sergeev
* ''
Asperula lactea''
(Porta) Brullo
* ''
Asperula laevigata''
L.
* ''
Asperula lasiantha''
Nakai - Korean woodruff
* ''
Asperula libanotica''
Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
* ''
Asperula lilaciflora''
Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
* ''
Asperula lipskyana''
V.I.Krecz
* ''
Asperula litardierei''
Humbert
* ''
Asperula littoralis''
Sm.
__NOTOC__
Sir James Edward Smith (2 December 1759 – 17 March 1828) was an English botanist and founder of the Linnean Society.
Early life and education
Smith was born in Norwich in 1759, the son of a wealthy wool merchant. He displayed a ...
* ''
Asperula lutea''
Sm.
__NOTOC__
Sir James Edward Smith (2 December 1759 – 17 March 1828) was an English botanist and founder of the Linnean Society.
Early life and education
Smith was born in Norwich in 1759, the son of a wealthy wool merchant. He displayed a ...
* ''
Asperula lycia''
Stapf
* ''
Asperula majoriflora''
Borbas ex Formanek
* ''
Asperula malevonensis''
Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.
* ''
Asperula markothensis''
Klokov
* ''
Asperula mazanderanica''
Ehrend.
* ''
Asperula microphylla''
Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
* ''
Asperula minima''
Hook.f.
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker (30 June 1817 – 10 December 1911) was a British botanist and explorer in the 19th century. He was a founder of geographical botany and Charles Darwin's closest friend. For twenty years he served as director of ...
* ''
Asperula molluginoides''
(M.Bieb.) Rchb.
* ''
Asperula mungieri''
Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
& Heldr.
* ''
Asperula muscosa''
Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
& Heldr.
* ''
Asperula naufraga''
Ehrend. & Gutermann
* ''
Asperula neglecta''
Guss.
* ''
Asperula neilreichii''
Beck
* ''
Asperula nitida''
Sm.
__NOTOC__
Sir James Edward Smith (2 December 1759 – 17 March 1828) was an English botanist and founder of the Linnean Society.
Early life and education
Smith was born in Norwich in 1759, the son of a wealthy wool merchant. He displayed a ...
* ''
Asperula nuratensis''
Pachom.
* ''
Asperula oblanceolata''
I.Thomps.
* ''
Asperula oetaea''
(Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
) Heldr. ex Halacsy
* ''
Asperula ophiolithica''
Ehrend.
* ''
Asperula oppositifolia''
Regel & Schmalh.
* ''
Asperula orientalis''
Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
& Hohen. - Blue woodruff
* ''
Asperula pauciflora''
Tschern.
* ''
Asperula paui''
Font Quer
* ''
Asperula pedicellata''
Klokov
* ''
Asperula peloritana''
C.Brullo
* ''
Asperula perpusilla''
Hook.f.
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker (30 June 1817 – 10 December 1911) was a British botanist and explorer in the 19th century. He was a founder of geographical botany and Charles Darwin's closest friend. For twenty years he served as director of ...
* ''
Asperula pestalozzae''
Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
* ''
Asperula pinifolia''
(Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
) Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.
* ''
Asperula podlechii''
Schönb.-Tem.
* ''
Asperula polymera''
I.Thomps.
* ''
Asperula pontica''
Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
* ''
Asperula popovii''
Schischk.
* ''
Asperula x portae''
Peruzzi
* ''
Asperula prostrata''
(Adams) K.Koch
* ''
Asperula pseudochlorantha''
Ehrend.
* ''
Asperula puberula''
Halacsy & Sint.
* ''
Asperula pubescens''
(Willd.
Carl Ludwig Willdenow (22 August 1765 – 10 July 1812) was a German botanist, pharmacist, and plant taxonomist. He is considered one of the founders of phytogeography, the study of the geographic distribution of plants. Willdenow was al ...
) Ehrend.
* ''
Asperula pugionifolia''
Tschern.
* ''
Asperula pulchella''
(Podlech) Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.
* ''
Asperula pulvinaris''
Heldr. ex Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
* ''
Asperula pumila''
Moris
* ''
Asperula purpurea''
( L.) Ehrend.
* ''
Asperula pusilla''
Hook.f.
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker (30 June 1817 – 10 December 1911) was a British botanist and explorer in the 19th century. He was a founder of geographical botany and Charles Darwin's closest friend. For twenty years he served as director of ...
- Alpine woodruff
* ''
Asperula rechingeri''
Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.
* ''
Asperula rezaiyensis''
Schönb.-Tem.
* ''
Asperula rigida''
Sm.
__NOTOC__
Sir James Edward Smith (2 December 1759 – 17 March 1828) was an English botanist and founder of the Linnean Society.
Early life and education
Smith was born in Norwich in 1759, the son of a wealthy wool merchant. He displayed a ...
* ''
Asperula rigidula''
(Halacsy) Halacsy
* ''
Asperula rumelica''
Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
* ''
Asperula rupestris''
Tineo
* ''
Asperula rupicola''
Jord.
* ''
Asperula samia''
D.H.Christ & Goeriadis
* ''
Asperula saxicola''
Ehrend.
* ''
Asperula scabrella''
Tschern.
* ''
Asperula scoparia''
Hook.f.
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker (30 June 1817 – 10 December 1911) was a British botanist and explorer in the 19th century. He was a founder of geographical botany and Charles Darwin's closest friend. For twenty years he served as director of ...
- Prickly woodruff
* ''
Asperula scutellaris''
Vis.
* ''
Asperula semanensis''
Schönb.-Tem. & Ehrend.
* ''
Asperula serotina''
(Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
& Heldr.) Ehrend.
* ''
Asperula seticornis''
Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
* ''
Asperula setosa''
Jaub. & Spach
* ''
Asperula sherardioides''
Jaub. & Spach
* ''
Asperula sintenisii''
Asch. ex Bornm.
* ''
Asperula sordide-rosea''
Popov
* ''
Asperula staliana''
Vis.
* ''
Asperula stricta''
Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
* ''
Asperula strishovae''
Pachom. & Karim
* ''
Asperula suavis''
Fisch.
* ''
Asperula suberosa''
Sm.
__NOTOC__
Sir James Edward Smith (2 December 1759 – 17 March 1828) was an English botanist and founder of the Linnean Society.
Early life and education
Smith was born in Norwich in 1759, the son of a wealthy wool merchant. He displayed a ...
* ''
Asperula subsimplex''
Hook.f.
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker (30 June 1817 – 10 December 1911) was a British botanist and explorer in the 19th century. He was a founder of geographical botany and Charles Darwin's closest friend. For twenty years he served as director of ...
* ''
Asperula subulifolia''
Airy Shaw & Turrill
* ''
Asperula suffruticosa''
Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
& Heldr.
* ''
Asperula supina''
M.Bieb.
* ''
Asperula syrticola''
(Miq.
Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel (24 October 1811 – 23 January 1871) was a Dutch botanist, whose main focus of study was on the flora of the Dutch East Indies.
Early life
Miquel was born in Neuenhaus and studied medicine at the University of Groni ...
) Airy Shaw & Turrill
* ''
Asperula szovitsii''
Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.
* ''
Asperula taurina''
L. - Pink woodruff
* ''
Asperula taygetea''
Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
& Heldr.
* ''
Asperula tenella''
Heuff. ex Degen
* ''
Asperula tenuifolia''
Boiss.
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician.
He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...
* ''
Asperula tenuissima''
K.Koch
* ''
Asperula tephrocarpa''
Czern. ex Popov & Chrshan.
* ''
Asperula tetraphylla''
(Airy Shaw & Turrill) I.Thomps.
* ''
Asperula tinctoria''
L. - Dyer's woodruff
* ''
Asperula tournefortii''
Sieber ex Spreng.
* ''
Asperula tragacanthoides''
Brullo
* ''
Asperula trichodes''
J.Gray ex DC.
* ''
Asperula trifida''
Makino
* ''
Asperula virgata''
Hub.-Mor. ex Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem. – Rod-shaped woodruff
* ''
Asperula visianii''
Korica
* ''
Asperula wettsteinii''
Adamovic
* ''
Asperula wimmeriana''
Airy Shaw & Turrill
* ''
Asperula woloszczakii''
Korica
* ''
Asperula woronowii''
V.I.Krecz.
* ''
Asperula xylorrhiza''
Nabelek
References
External links
''Asperula'' in the World Checklist of Rubiaceae
{{Taxonbar, from=Q157934
Rubiaceae genera