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Arthur Elmer Reimer (January 15, 1882 – November 25, 1969) was an American
socialist
Socialism is a left-wing economic philosophy and movement encompassing a range of economic systems characterized by the dominance of social ownership of the means of production as opposed to private ownership. As a term, it describes the e ...
political activist and politician who served as the presidential candidate of the
Socialist Labor Party of America
The Socialist Labor Party (SLP)"The name of this organization shall be Socialist Labor Party". Art. I, Sec. 1 of thadopted at the Eleventh National Convention (New York, July 1904; amended at the National Conventions 1908, 1912, 1916, 1920, 1924 ...
twice.
Biography
Early years
Arthur Reimer was born January 15, 1882, in
Boston, Massachusetts, the son of a machinist.
[Solon DeLeon with Irma C. Hayssen and Grace Poole, ''The American Labor Who's Who.'' New York: Hanford Press, 1925; pg. 194.] Reimer attended
public school
Public school may refer to:
* State school (known as a public school in many countries), a no-fee school, publicly funded and operated by the government
* Public school (United Kingdom), certain elite fee-charging independent schools in England an ...
in Boston before going on to
Northeastern University
Northeastern University (NU) is a private university, private research university with its main campus in Boston. Established in 1898, the university offers undergraduate and graduate programs on its main campus as well as satellite campuses in ...
, also in Boston, where he earned a law degree in 1912.
Reimer worked as a ladies' tailor in his younger years.
Political career
In 1898 Reimer joined the
Socialist Labor Party of America
The Socialist Labor Party (SLP)"The name of this organization shall be Socialist Labor Party". Art. I, Sec. 1 of thadopted at the Eleventh National Convention (New York, July 1904; amended at the National Conventions 1908, 1912, 1916, 1920, 1924 ...
.
In 1905, he was among those SLP members who joined the new
Industrial Workers of the World
The Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), members of which are commonly termed "Wobblies", is an international labor union that was founded in Chicago in 1905. The origin of the nickname "Wobblies" is uncertain. IWW ideology combines genera ...
(IWW).
Reimer exited that organization along with his party comrades in 1908 to establish a rival organization, the
Workers International Industrial Union
The Workers' International Industrial Union (WIIU) was a Revolutionary Industrial Union headquartered in Detroit in 1908 by radical trade unionists closely associated with the Socialist Labor Party of America, headed by Daniel DeLeon. The organiz ...
(WIIU) as a result of disagreement between the IWW majority and the SLP group over matters of strategy and tactics.
As a member of WIIU, Reimers was a participant in the 1912 Paterson Silk Strike.
He was the Socialist Labor Party presidential candidate for
the 1912 election. His running mate was
August Gillhaus
August Gillhaus (June 10, 1867 - May 4, 1932) was an American engineer from The Bronx who was the Socialist Labor candidate for U.S. President in 1908 and for U.S. Vice President in 1912 and 1920.
Personal life
In 1902, Gillhaus was among the ...
of
New York
New York most commonly refers to:
* New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York
* New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States
New York may also refer to:
Film and television
* '' ...
, the SLP's candidate for president in the previous election, that of 1908.
Afforded access to one of the country's leading weekly
news magazine
A news magazine is a typed, printed, and published magazine, radio or television program, usually published weekly, consisting of articles about current events. News magazines generally discuss stories, in greater depth than do newspapers or new ...
s of the day in the days before the election, Riemer criticized the attempt of the rival
Socialist Party of America
The Socialist Party of America (SPA) was a socialist political party in the United States formed in 1901 by a merger between the three-year-old Social Democratic Party of America and disaffected elements of the Socialist Labor Party of Ameri ...
to win piecemeal ameliorative reform and declared a need for revolutionary change:
"Where the social system starts with the private ownership of the necessaries for production, the bolt that, at first, slightly impedes fatedly becomes in the end a total bar to 'opportunity' — so far as the masses are concerned. The chains of wage slavery
Wage slavery or slave wages refers to a person's dependence on wages (or a salary) for their livelihood, especially when wages are low, treatment and conditions are poor, and there are few chances of upward mobility.
The term is often used ...
become more galling... At such a stage of capitalist rotten-ripeness, to look for reformatory redress in the governmental and economic maxims that rocked the cradle of the green infancy of capitalism is to be blind to economic evolution. It is to seek to hold back a runaway horse by the tail....
"Capitalism has organized the forces for and firmly sunk the piers on which to rear the structure of the industrial republic — the social system under which the plants of production are owned collectively and democratically administered. * * *
"Socialism may be summed up in the motto, 'Down with the political state, up with the industrial administration!' ...Afraid, on the one hand, to alienate the vote of the 'furtive Socialists' by a propaganda which these may mistake for anarchism
Anarchism is a political philosophy and movement that is skeptical of all justifications for authority and seeks to abolish the institutions it claims maintain unnecessary coercion and hierarchy, typically including, though not necessa ...
, the Socialist Party suppresses this vital revolutionary feature of socialism; on the other hand, afraid to forfeit the vote of floating, hence anarchistically tainted discontent, the Socialist Party has elected a notorious anarchist William_D._Haywood_">William_D._Haywood.html"_;"title="William_D._Haywood">William_D._Haywood_to_its_National_Executive_Committee."
Reimer_and_Gillhaus_received_33,070_votes_in_the_1912_campaign.
Alexander_Trachtenberg_(ed.),_''The_American_Labor_Year_Book,_1917–18.''_New_York:_Rand_School_of_Social_Science,_1918;_pp._365–366.
In__.html"_;"title="William_D._Haywood.html"_;"title="William_D._Haywood">William_D._Haywood_">William_D._Haywood.html"_;"title="William_D._Haywood">William_D._Haywood_to_its_National_Executive_Committee."
Reimer_and_Gillhaus_received_33,070_votes_in_the_1912_campaign.
Alexander_Trachtenberg_(ed.),_''The_American_Labor_Year_Book,_1917–18.''_New_York:_Rand_School_of_Social_Science,_1918;_pp._365–366.
In_1913_Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election">1913_
__Events___January_
*_January_5_–_First_Balkan_War:_Battle_of_Lemnos_(1913),_Battle_of_Lemnos_–_Greek_admiral_Pavlos_Kountouriotis_forces_the_Turkish_fleet_to_retreat_to_its_base_within_the_Dardanelles,_from_which_it_will_not_ven_...
_he_ran_for_governor_of_Massachusetts,_only_spending_six_cents,_and_again_in_1914_Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election.html" "title="1913_Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election.html" "title="William_D._Haywood_.html" ;"title="William_D._Haywood.html" ;"title="William D. Haywood">William D. Haywood ">William_D._Haywood.html" ;"title="William D. Haywood">William D. Haywood to its National Executive Committee."
Reimer and Gillhaus received 33,070 votes in the 1912 campaign.[Alexander Trachtenberg (ed.), ''The American Labor Year Book, 1917–18.'' New York: Rand School of Social Science, 1918; pp. 365–366.]
In 1913 Massachusetts gubernatorial election">1913
Events January
* January 5 – First Balkan War: Battle of Lemnos (1913), Battle of Lemnos – Greek admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis forces the Turkish fleet to retreat to its base within the Dardanelles, from which it will not ven ...
he ran for governor of Massachusetts, only spending six cents, and again in 1914 Massachusetts gubernatorial election">1914
This year saw the beginning of what became known as World War I, after Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the Austrian throne was Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip. It als ...
with the Socialist Labor nomination both times.
In the summer of 1914, Reimer was named the representative of the Socialist Labor Party to the International Socialist Bureau at the meeting of the Second International in Vienna, Austria.
On April 29, 1916, he was given the Socialist Labor presidential nomination again by acclamation at the 1916 convention with Caleb Harrison as his running mate. During the
1916
Events
Below, the events of the First World War have the "WWI" prefix.
January
* January 1 – The British Royal Army Medical Corps carries out the first successful blood transfusion, using blood that had been stored and cooled.
* ...
campaign, Reimer and Harrison toured the country and during the campaign Reimer was thrown in jail for a time by the authorities of the mining town of
Butte, Montana
Butte ( ) is a consolidated city-county and the county seat of Silver Bow County, Montana, United States. In 1977, the city and county governments consolidated to form the sole entity of Butte-Silver Bow. The city covers , and, according to the ...
, for giving a speech on the streets without permission from city officials and was later given a $10 fine that was suspended, while his running mate Harrison suffered a similar fate in the steel city of
Homestead, Pennsylvania
Homestead is a borough in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, USA, in the Monongahela River valley southeast of downtown Pittsburgh and directly across the river from the city limit line. The borough is known for the Homestead Strike of 1892, an imp ...
.
During the course of the 1916 campaign, the SLP produced and distributed 1.5 million leaflets in support of the socialist cause, en route to garnering 14,398 votes.
Later years
The
Russian Revolution of 1917
The Russian Revolution was a period of political and social revolution that took place in the former Russian Empire which began during the First World War. This period saw Russia abolish its monarchy and adopt a socialist form of government ...
exerted an enormous impact upon the membership of the Socialist Labor Party, as with all on the political left wing in America. A significant section of the SLP exited the party in the 1917–1919 period to join forces with the communist movement in the United States. According to one history, Arthur Reimer was among this group, joining his 1916 vice presidential running mate, Caleb Harrison,
Buffalo, New York
Buffalo is the second-largest city in the U.S. state of New York (behind only New York City) and the seat of Erie County. It is at the eastern end of Lake Erie, at the head of the Niagara River, and is across the Canadian border from South ...
, druggist and party veteran Boris Reinstein, the late
Daniel DeLeon's son, Solon DeLeon, and Dr. Julius Hammer of New York City.
[Girard and Perry, ''The Socialist Labor Party, 1876–1991,'' pg. 51.] Another source, published in 1925 and edited by Solon DeLeon himself, contends that Reimer had not left the embrace of the SLP up to that date.
Death and legacy
Arthur E. Reimer died in 1969.
[Robert J. Constantine, ''Letters of Eugene V. Debs: Volume 2, 1913–1919.'' Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1990; pg. 250, fn. 2.]
Footnotes
Works
* "The Socialist Labor Party's Appeal," ''The Independent,'' vol. 73, whole no. 3334 (October 24, 1912), pp. 954–958.
"Report of the Socialist Labor Party to the International Socialist Congress at Vienna,"August 23–29, 1914.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Reimer, Arthur E.
1882 births
1969 deaths
Politicians from Boston
American Marxists
Candidates in the 1912 United States presidential election
Candidates in the 1916 United States presidential election
20th-century American politicians
Socialist Labor Party of America presidential nominees
Industrial Workers of the World members
Socialist Labor Party of America politicians from Massachusetts