Arthur Loveridge
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Arthur Loveridge (28 May 1891 – 16 February 1980) was a
British British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories, and Crown Dependencies. ** Britishness, the British identity and common culture * British English, ...
biologist A biologist is a scientist who conducts research in biology. Biologists are interested in studying life on Earth, whether it is an individual Cell (biology), cell, a multicellular organism, or a Community (ecology), community of Biological inter ...
and
herpetologist Herpetology (from Greek ἑρπετόν ''herpetón'', meaning "reptile" or "creeping animal") is the branch of zoology concerned with the study of amphibians (including frogs, toads, salamanders, newts, and caecilians ( gymnophiona)) and rep ...
who wrote about animals in
East Africa East Africa, Eastern Africa, or East of Africa, is the eastern subregion of the African continent. In the United Nations Statistics Division scheme of geographic regions, 10-11-(16*) territories make up Eastern Africa: Due to the historical ...
, particularly
Tanzania Tanzania (; ), officially the United Republic of Tanzania ( sw, Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. It borders Uganda to the north; Kenya to the northeast; Comoro Islands and ...
, and
New Guinea New Guinea (; Hiri Motu Hiri Motu, also known as Police Motu, Pidgin Motu, or just Hiri, is a language of Papua New Guinea, which is spoken in surrounding areas of Port Moresby (Capital of Papua New Guinea). It is a simplified version of ...
. He gave
scientific names In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called nomenclature ("two-name naming system") or binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, bot ...
to several
gecko Geckos are small, mostly carnivorous lizards that have a wide distribution, found on every continent except Antarctica. Belonging to the infraorder Gekkota, geckos are found in warm climates throughout the world. They range from . Geckos ar ...
species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...
in the region. Arthur Loveridge was born in Penarth, and was interested in natural history from childhood. He gained experience with the
National Museum of Wales National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, c ...
and
Manchester Museum Manchester Museum is a museum displaying works of archaeology, anthropology and natural history and is owned by the University of Manchester, in England. Sited on Oxford Road ( A34) at the heart of the university's group of neo-Gothic buildings, ...
before becoming the curator of the Nairobi Museum (now the National Museum of Kenya) in 1914. During
WW1 World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...
, he joined the East African Mounted Rifles, later returning to the museum to build up the collections. He then became an assistant
game warden A conservation officer is a law enforcement officer who protects wildlife and the environment. A conservation officer may also be referred to as an environmental technician or technologist, game warden, forest ranger, forest watcher, forest g ...
in
Tanganyika Tanganyika may refer to: Places * Tanganyika Territory (1916–1961), a former British territory which preceded the sovereign state * Tanganyika (1961–1964), a sovereign state, comprising the mainland part of present-day Tanzania * Tanzania Main ...
. In 1924, he joined the
Museum of Comparative Zoology A museum ( ; plural museums or, rarely, musea) is a building or institution that cares for and displays a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance. Many public museums make these ...
in the grounds of
Harvard University Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1636 as Harvard College and named for its first benefactor, the Puritan clergyman John Harvard, it is the oldest institution of higher le ...
in
Cambridge, Massachusetts Cambridge ( ) is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. As part of the Boston metropolitan area, the cities population of the 2020 U.S. census was 118,403, making it the fourth most populous city in the state, behind Boston, ...
, where he was the curator of herpetology. He returned to East Africa on several field trips and wrote many scientific papers before retiring from Harvard in 1957. He married Mary Victoria Sloan in 1921, who died in 1972. They had one son. On retirement, they moved to
Saint Helena Saint Helena () is a British overseas territory located in the South Atlantic Ocean. It is a remote volcanic tropical island west of the coast of south-western Africa, and east of Rio de Janeiro in South America. It is one of three constitu ...
in the
South Atlantic The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five oceans, with an area of about . It covers approximately 20% of Earth's surface and about 29% of its water surface area. It is known to separate the " Old World" of Africa, Europe an ...
, from where he continued his interest in natural history, publishing several articles on the island's wildlife in th
''St Helena Wirebird''
and '' St Helena News Review'' in the 1960s & 1970s. He died in 1980 and was buried in St Helena next to his wife.


Legacy

Several species and
subspecies In biological classification, subspecies is a rank below species, used for populations that live in different areas and vary in size, shape, or other physical characteristics (morphology), but that can successfully interbreed. Not all species ...
of
reptile Reptiles, as most commonly defined are the animals in the class Reptilia ( ), a paraphyletic grouping comprising all sauropsids except birds. Living reptiles comprise turtles, crocodilians, squamates (lizards and snakes) and rhynchocephalians ( ...
s are named in his honor, including '' Afroedura loveridgei, Anolis loveridgei, Atractus loveridgei, Elapsoidea loveridgei, Emoia loveridgei, Eryx colubrinus loveridgei, Melanoseps loveridgei, Philothamnus nitidus loveridgei'', and '' Typhlops loveridgei''.Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). ''The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. . ("Loveridge", p. 161). Three species of endemic St Helenian insect were named after him. the cranefly Dicranomyia loveridgeana, the blackfly Simulium loveridgei, and the subgenus Loveridgeana of the hoverfly genus Sphaerophoria, with Spherophora (Loveridgeana) beattiei known on the island as Loveridge's hoverfly. His insect collecting satchel is on display in the St Helena Museum in Jamestown.


Partial bibliography

* Allen, Glover M & Loveridge, Arthur, ''Mammals from the Uluguru and
Usambara Mountains The Usambara Mountains of northeastern Tanzania in tropical East Africa, comprise the easternmost ranges of the Eastern Arc Mountains. The ranges of approximately long and about half that wide, are situated in the Lushoto District of the Tang ...
, Tanganyika Territory'' in Proceedings of the
Boston Society of Natural History The Boston Society of Natural History (1830–1948) in Boston, Massachusetts, was an organization dedicated to the study and promotion of natural history. It published a scholarly journal and established a museum. In its first few decades, the s ...
, Vol 38, No 9, Boston, 1927. * Barbour, T & Loveridge, A
''A comparative study of the herpetological faunae of the Uluguru and Usambara mountains, Tanganyika territory with descriptions of new species''
in ''Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College'', Vol. L, No. 2, 1928. * Coward, TA, ''Observations on the Nesting Habits of the Palm Swift (Tachornis parva, Licht) made by Mr Arthur Loveridge in German East Africa'' in ''Memoirs and Proceedings of the
Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society The Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society, popularly known as the Lit. & Phil., is one of the oldest learned societies in the United Kingdom and second oldest provincial learned society (after the Spalding Gentlemen's Society). Promine ...
'', Session 1916-1917, Vol 61, Part II, Manchester, 1917. * Gans, Carl
''In Memoriam: Arthur Loveridge''
in '' Herpetologica'', Vol 37, No. 2, 1981. * Green, AA (editor), ''Obituary: The Late Professor Arthur Loveridge'' in ''St. Helena News Review'', Vol XII, No. 2098, 22 February 1980. * Loveridge, Arthur, ''East African Reptiles and Amphibians in the United States National Museum : United States National Museum: Bulletin 151'', Washington,
Smithsonian Institution The Smithsonian Institution ( ), or simply the Smithsonian, is a group of museums and education and research centers, the largest such complex in the world, created by the U.S. government "for the increase and diffusion of knowledge". Founded ...
, 1929. * Loveridge, Arthur, ''Field Notes on Vertebrates Collected by the Smithsonian-Chrysler East African Expedition of 1926'' in ''Proceedings of the United States National Museum'', Vol 73, Article 17, No 2738, Washington, 1928. * Loveridge, Arthur, ''Forest Safari'', London,
Lutterworth Press The Lutterworth Press, one of the oldest independent British publishing houses, has traded since the late eighteenth century - initially as the Religious Tract Society (RTS). The Lutterworth imprint, named after the small English town of Lutte ...
, 1956. * Loveridge, Arthur, ''I Drank the Zambezi'', London, Lutterworth Press, 1953. * Loveridge, Arthur, ''A List of the Amphibia of the British Territories in East Africa (Uganda, Kenya Colony, Tanganyika Territory and Zanzibar), Together with Keys for the Diagnosis of the Species'' in ''
Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London The ''Journal of Zoology'' is a scientific journal concerning zoology, the study of animals. It was founded in 1830 by the Zoological Society of London and is published by Wiley-Blackwell. It carries original research papers, which are targeted ...
'', London, 1930. * Loveridge, Arthur, ''A List of the Lizards of British Territories in East Africa (Uganda, Kenya Colony, Tanganyika Territory, and Zanzibar) With Keys for the Diagnosis of the Species'' in ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'', London, 1923. * Loveridge, Arthur, ''The Lizards of Tanganyika Territory'', Dar es Salaam, The Government Printer. * Loveridge, Arthur, ''Many Happy Days I've Squandered'', London, Robert Hale, 1949 . * Loveridge, Arthur, ''Notes on East African Birds (Chiefly Nesting Habits and Endo-Parasites), Collected 1920-1923'' in ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'', London, 1923. * Loveridge, Arthur, ''Notes on East African Lizards Collected 1920-1923, with the Description of Two New Races of Agama Lionotus'' in ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'', London, 1923. * Loveridge, Arthur, ''Notes on East African Mammals, Collected 1915-1922'' in ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'', London, 1923. * Loveridge, Arthur, ''Notes on East African Mammals, Collected 1920-1923'' in ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'', London, 1923. * Loveridge, Arthur, ''Notes on East African Scorpions and
Solifugae Solifugae is an order of animals in the class Arachnida known variously as camel spiders, wind scorpions, sun spiders, or solifuges. The order includes more than 1,000 described species in about 147 genera. Despite the common names, they are ne ...
, Collected 1916-1923'' in ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'', London, 1925. * Loveridge, Arthur, ''Notes on East African Snakes, Collected 1918-1923'' in ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'', London, 1923. * Loveridge, Arthur, ''Notes on East African Tortoises, Collected 1920-1923, with the Description of a New Species of Soft Land
Tortoise Tortoises () are reptiles of the family Testudinidae of the order Testudines (Latin: ''tortoise''). Like other turtles, tortoises have a turtle shell, shell to protect from predation and other threats. The shell in tortoises is generally hard, ...
'' in ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'', London, 1923. * Loveridge, Arthur, ''Notes on the Three British
Ophidia __FORCETOC__ Ophidia (also known as Pan-Serpentes) is a group of squamate reptiles including modern snakes and reptiles more closely related to snakes than to other living groups of lizards. Ophidia was defined as the "most recent common ancest ...
'' in '' Transactions of the Cardiff Naturalists' Society'', Vol XLVI, Cardiff, 1913. * Loveridge, Arthur, ''On Natrix Olivacea (Peters), From
Pemba Island Pemba Island ( ar, الجزيرة الخضراء ''al-Jazīra al-khadrā'', literally "The Green Island"; sw, Pemba kisiwa) is a Tanzanian island forming part of the Zanzibar Archipelago, lying within the Swahili Coast in the Indian Ocean. Geog ...
, and Other Notes on Reptiles and A. Muraenid Fish'' in ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'', London, 1925. * Loveridge, Arthur, ''Preliminary Description of a New Tree Viper of the Genus
Atheris ''Atheris'' is a genus of vipers known as bush vipers.Spawls S, Branch B (1995). ''The Dangerous Snakes of Africa''. Ralph Curtis Books. Dubai: Oriental Press. 192 pp. . They are found only in tropical subsaharan Africa (excluding southern Afri ...
from Tanganyika Territory'' in ''Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club'', Vol XI, 1930. * Loveridge, Arthur, ''Rambles in Search of Frogs in Equatoria'' in ''
Harvard Alumni Bulletin ''Harvard Magazine'' is an independently edited magazine and separately incorporated affiliate of Harvard University. Aside from ''The Harvard Crimson'', it is the only publication covering the entire university, and also regularly distributed ...
'', Cambridge, 1935. * Loveridge, Arthur, ''Reptiles of the Pacific World'' (re-edition in 1946 and reimprint in 1957), 1945. * Loveridge, Arthur, ''A Scientist's Trip to Eastern Africa'' in ''Harvard Alumni Bulletin'', 30 October 1930, Cambridge, 1930. * Loveridge, Arthur, ''A Serpent-Seeking Safaria in Equatoria'' in ''
The Scientific Monthly ''The Scientific Monthly'' was a science magazine published from 1915 to 1957. Psychologist James McKeen Cattell, the former publisher and editor of ''The Popular Science Monthly'', was the original founder and editor. In 1958, ''The Scientific Mo ...
'', Vol L & LI, June & July 1940, New York, 1940. * Loveridge, Arthur, ''The Snakes of Tanganyika Territory'', Dar es Salaam, The Government Printer. * Loveridge, Arthur, ''Tomorrow's a Holiday'', London, Robert Hale, 1951.


References


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Loveridge, Arthur 1891 births 1980 deaths British herpetologists 20th-century British zoologists People from Penarth