![Memorial to Arthur Cayley Headlam in Gloucester Cathedral](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Memorial_to_Arthur_Cayley_Headlam_in_Gloucester_Cathedral.jpg)
Arthur Cayley Headlam (2 August 1862 – 17 January 1947) was an
English
English usually refers to:
* English language
* English people
English may also refer to:
Peoples, culture, and language
* ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England
** English national ide ...
theologian who served as
Bishop of Gloucester
The Bishop of Gloucester is the ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Gloucester in the Province of Canterbury.
The diocese covers the County of Gloucestershire and part of the County of Worcestershire. The see's centre of governan ...
from 1923 to 1945.
Biography
Headlam was born in
Whorlton, County Durham
Whorlton is a small village in County Durham, in England. It is situated near the River Tees and to the east of Barnard Castle.
Whorlton Bridge is a 183 ft long suspension bridge which crosses the River Tees. It is Britain's 2nd oldest s ...
, the son of its
vicar
A vicar (; Latin: '' vicarius'') is a representative, deputy or substitute; anyone acting "in the person of" or agent for a superior (compare "vicarious" in the sense of "at second hand"). Linguistically, ''vicar'' is cognate with the English pre ...
, Arthur William Headlam (1826–1908), by his first wife, Agnes Favell.
The historian
James Wycliffe Headlam
Sir James Wycliffe Headlam-Morley, CBE (24 December 1863 – 6 September 1929) was a British academic historian and classicist, who became a civil servant and government advisor on current foreign policy. He was known as James Wycliffe Headlam unti ...
was his younger brother. He was educated at
Winchester College
Winchester College is a public school (fee-charging independent day and boarding school) in Winchester, Hampshire, England. It was founded by William of Wykeham in 1382 and has existed in its present location ever since. It is the oldest of ...
and
New College, Oxford, where he read
Greats. He was a Fellow of
All Souls College, Oxford, from 1885. He was ordained in 1888, and became Rector of
Welwyn
Welwyn is a village and civil parish in Hertfordshire, England. The parish also includes the villages of Digswell and Oaklands. It is sometimes referred to as Old Welwyn or Welwyn Village, to distinguish it from the much newer and larger ...
in 1896. In 1900 Headlam married Evelyn Persis Wingfield.
He was Professor of
Dogmatic Theology
Dogmatic theology, also called dogmatics, is the part of theology dealing with the theoretical truths of faith concerning God and God's works, especially the official theology recognized by an organized Church body, such as the Roman Catholic Ch ...
at
King's College London from 1903–1916, where he served as
Principal from 1903 to 1912 and as the first
Dean
Dean may refer to:
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* Dean (given name)
* Dean (surname), a surname of Anglo-Saxon English origin
* Dean (South Korean singer), a stage name for singer Kwon Hyuk
* Dean Delannoit, a Belgian singer most known by the mononym Dean
Titles
* ...
from 1908 until 1913. He was
Regius Professor of Divinity, Oxford from 1918 to 1923. His 1920
Bampton Lectures
The Bampton Lectures at the University of Oxford, England, were founded by a bequest of John Bampton. They have taken place since 1780.
They were a series of annual lectures; since the turn of the 20th century they have typically been biennial ...
showed the theme of
ecumenism that would preoccupy him. At the time of the
1926 General Strike
The 1926 general strike in the United Kingdom was a general strike that lasted nine days, from 4 to 12 May 1926. It was called by the General Council of the Trades Union Congress (TUC) in an unsuccessful attempt to force the British governme ...
, he opposed the intervention of some of the other bishops.
He was influential in the Church of England's council on foreign relations in the 1930s, chairing the Committee on Relations with Episcopal Churches. He supported the
Protestant Reich Church
The German Evangelical Church (german: Deutsche Evangelische Kirche) was a successor to the German Evangelical Church Confederation from 1933 until 1945.
The German Christians, an antisemitic and racist pressure group and ''Kirchenpartei'', ga ...
in
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
, and was a critic of the
Confessing Church
The Confessing Church (german: link=no, Bekennende Kirche, ) was a movement within German Protestantism during Nazi Germany that arose in opposition to government-sponsored efforts to unify all Protestant churches into a single pro-Nazi German ...
. He is thus generally considered an '
appeaser'. During the
Nazi rise to power
Adolf Hitler's rise to power began in the newly established Weimar Republic in September 1919 when Hitler joined the '' Deutsche Arbeiterpartei'' (DAP; German Workers' Party). He rose to a place of prominence in the early years of the party. Be ...
in 1933 he blamed
German Jews
The history of the Jews in Germany goes back at least to the year 321, and continued through the Early Middle Ages (5th to 10th centuries CE) and High Middle Ages (''circa'' 1000–1299 CE) when Jewish immigrants founded the Ashkenazi Jewish ...
for causing their own
persecution, writing that they caused "the violence of the
Russian Communists
Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including:
* Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries
*Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and pe ...
" and "
Socialist
Socialism is a left-wing economic philosophy and movement encompassing a range of economic systems characterized by the dominance of social ownership of the means of production as opposed to private ownership. As a term, it describes the ...
communities" and were "not altogether a pleasant element in German, and in particular
Berlin
Berlin ( , ) is the capital and List of cities in Germany by population, largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's List of cities in the European Union by population within ci ...
life."
He was appointed to the
Order of the Companions of Honour (CH) in the
1921 Birthday Honours
The 1921 Birthday Honours were appointments by King George V to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of the British Empire. The appointments were made to celebrate the official birthday of the King, and were ...
for his services at Oxford.
Selected publications
* With William Sanday, ''A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans''. Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1895. Fifth Edition: 1902.
*
*
*
* With
William Sanday, Frederick Kenyon,
F. Crawford Burkitt, & J. H. Bernhard.
*
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References
Notes
Bibliography
* Arthur Cayley Headlam, ''
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
The ''Dictionary of National Biography'' (''DNB'') is a standard work of reference on notable figures from British history, published since 1885. The updated ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (''ODNB'') was published on 23 September ...
''
*
Agnes Headlam-Morley, (1948) memoir in A. C. Headlam, ''The Fourth Gospel as History''
*
*
Further reading
*
External links
Bibliographic directoryfrom
Project Canterbury
{{DEFAULTSORT:Headlam, Arthur Cayley
1862 births
1947 deaths
20th-century Church of England bishops
Academics of King's College London
Alumni of New College, Oxford
Bishops of Gloucester
Deans of King's College London
English theologians
English Anglican theologians
Fellows of All Souls College, Oxford
Fellows of Christ Church, Oxford
Fellows of King's College London
Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour
New Testament scholars
People educated at Reading School
People educated at Winchester College
People from County Durham (district)
Principals of King's College London
Regius Professors of Divinity (University of Oxford)
19th-century Anglican theologians
20th-century Anglican theologians