''Artediellus'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of marine

ray-finned fish Actinopterygii (; ), members of which are known as ray-finned fishes, is a class of bony fish. They comprise over 50% of living vertebrate species. The ray-finned fishes are so called because their fins are webs of skin supported by bony or hor ...

es belobging to the

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

Cottidae The Cottidae are a family of fish in the superfamily Cottoidea, the sculpins. It is the largest sculpin family, with about 275 species in 70 genera.Kane, E. A. and T. E. Higham. (2012)Life in the flow lane: differences in pectoral fin morphology ...

, the typical sculpins. Most of the fishes in this genus are found in the northern Pacific Ocean but they also occur in the Arctic and North Atlantic Oceans.

Taxonomy

''Artediellus'' was first proposed as a

monospecific genus In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispec ...

in 1885 by the American

ichthyologist Ichthyology is the branch of zoology devoted to the study of fish, including bony fish ( Osteichthyes), cartilaginous fish (Chondrichthyes), and jawless fish (Agnatha). According to FishBase, 33,400 species of fish had been described as of Octobe ...

David Starr Jordan David Starr Jordan (January 19, 1851 – September 19, 1931) was the founding president of Stanford University, serving from 1891 to 1913. He was an ichthyologist during his research career. Prior to serving as president of Stanford Univer ...

with ''Cottus uncinatus'', which was described in 1834 from

Greenland Greenland ( kl, Kalaallit Nunaat, ; da, Grønland, ) is an island country in North America that is part of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is located between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Greenland is t ...

by the Danish

zoologist Zoology ()The pronunciation of zoology as is usually regarded as nonstandard, though it is not uncommon. is the branch of biology that studies the Animal, animal kingdom, including the anatomy, structure, embryology, evolution, Biological clas ...

Johan Reinhardt Johannes Christopher Hagemann Reinhardt (23 December 1778 – 31 October 1845), sometimes called J. C. H. Reinhardt, was a professor in zoology at the University of Copenhagen. Born in Rendalen parish in Norway, his father, Johannes Henrik Reinhar ...

, as it’s only species and designated as its

type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen ...

. The 5th edition of ''

Fishes of the World ''Fishes of the World'' by the American ichthyologist Joseph S. Nelson (1937–2011) is a standard reference for fish systematics. Now in its fifth edition (2016), the work is a comprehensive overview of the diversity and classification of the ...

'' classifies the genus ''Alcichthys'' within the

subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoologi ...

Cottinae Cottinae is a subfamily of ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Cottidae, the typical sculpin A sculpin is a type of fish that belongs to the superfamily Cottoidea in the order Scorpaeniformes.Kane, E. A. and T. E. Higham. (2012)Life in t ...

of the family Cottidae, however, other authors classify the genus within the subfamily Psychrolutinae of the family

Psychrolutidae The fish family Psychrolutidae (commonly known as blobfishes, toadfishes, flathead sculpins, tadpole sculpins,) contains over 35 recognized species in 8 genera. This family consists of bottom-dwelling marine sculpins shaped like tadpoles, with l ...

Etymology

''Artediellus'' is a

diminutive A diminutive is a root word that has been modified to convey a slighter degree of its root meaning, either to convey the smallness of the object or quality named, or to convey a sense of intimacy or endearment. A (abbreviated ) is a word-formati ...

of ''

Artedius ''Artedius'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Cottidae, the typical sculpins. These fishes are found in the northern Pacific Ocean. Taxonomy ''Artedius'' was first proposed as a genus in 1854 by the French zoologist ...

'', a genus of similar fishes but these do not have the naked body and head of ''Artediellus''.

Species

There are currently fifteen recognized

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

in this genus, which are split into two

subgenera In biology, a subgenus (plural: subgenera) is a taxonomic rank directly below genus. In the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, a subgeneric name can be used independently or included in a species name, in parentheses, placed between t ...

: * Subgenus ''Artediellus'' D. S. Jordan, 1885 ** '' Artediellus aporosus'' Soldatov, 1922 ** '' Artediellus atlanticus'' D. S. Jordan & Evermann, 1898 (Atlantic hookear sculpin) ** '' Artediellus camchaticus'' C. H. Gilbert &

Burke Burke is an Anglo-Norman Irish surname, deriving from the ancient Anglo-Norman and Hiberno-Norman noble dynasty, the House of Burgh. In Ireland, the descendants of William de Burgh (–1206) had the surname ''de Burgh'' which was gaelicised ...

, 1912 ** '' Artediellus gomojunovi'' Taranetz, 1933 ** '' Artediellus ingens'' D. W. Nelson, 1986 ** '' Artediellus miacanthus'' C. H. Gilbert & Burke, 1912 ** '' Artediellus neyelovi''

Muto The MUTOs (acronym for Massive Unidentified Terrestrial Organism) are fictional monsters, or ''kaiju'', in Legendary Pictures' MonsterVerse, MonsterVerse media franchise. The characters first appeared as the antagonists in ''Godzilla (2014 film), ...

Yabe was a village located in Yame District, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. Yabe is located at 330m above sea level. The average temperature is 14 °C and the average annual precipitation is 2,706mm. As of 2006, the village had an estimated popula ...

& Amaoka, 1994 ** '' Artediellus ochotensis'' C. H. Gilbert & Burke, 1912 ** '' Artediellus pacificus'' C. H. Gilbert, 1896 (Hookhorn sculpin) ** '' Artediellus scaber'' Knipowitsch, 1907 (Hamecon) ** '' Artediellus schmidti'' Soldatov, 1915 ** '' Artediellus uncinatus'' ( J. C. H. Reinhardt, 1834) (Arctic hookear sculpin) * Subgenus ''Artediellops'' Neeelov, 1979 ** '' Artediellus dydymovi'' Soldatov, 1915 ** '' Artediellus fuscimentus'' D. W. Nelson, 1986 ** '' Artediellus minor'' ( M. Watanabe, 1958)

Characteristics

''Artediellus'' sculpins have wide heads. They have both

vomerine teeth The vomer (; lat, vomer, lit=ploughshare) is one of the unpaired facial bones of the skull. It is located in the midsagittal line, and articulates with the sphenoid, the ethmoid, the left and right palatine bones, and the left and right maxill ...

and palatine teeth. They have 2 spines on the preoperculum, the upper spine is the largest and is hooked upwards with no supplementary spines. The skin is smooth and naked. The first, spiny dorsal fin is short and is not incised. These are small fishes with the largest species being ''A. camchaticus'' with a maximum published length of while the smallest is A. minor which has a maximum published standard length of .

Distribution and habitat

''Artediellus'' sculpins Are found mainly in the North Pacific Ocean, although some species are found in the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans. Thesefishes are found from shallow sub tidal waters to depths of .

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q1711512 Cottinae Taxa named by David Starr Jordan Ray-finned fish genera