Art Nouveau in

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous ...

( pl, Secesja) was part of an international

Art Nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...

style, although often absorbed into a local Polish architectural and artistic trends. It was most popular in the years 1890–1910. Artists adopted many of the floral and organic motifs of Art Nouveau into the

Young Poland Young Poland ( pl, Młoda Polska) was a modernist period in Polish visual arts, literature and music, covering roughly the years between 1890 and 1918. It was a result of strong aesthetic opposition to the earlier ideas of Positivism. Young Pola ...

style. Young Poland, however, was also inclusive of other artistic styles and encompassed a broader approach to art, literature, and lifestyle.Danuta Batorska, "Zofia Stryjeńska: Princess of Polish Painting", ''Woman's Art Journal'', vol. 19 (Autumn, 1998–Winter, 1999), pp. 24–29 (esp. 24–25). The Polish Art Nouveau style was centred in

Kraków Kraków (), or Cracow, is the second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city dates back to the seventh century. Kraków was the official capital of Poland until 1596 ...

, once Poland's royal capital city.

Stanisław Wyspiański Stanisław Mateusz Ignacy Wyspiański (; 15 January 1869 – 28 November 1907) was a Polish playwright, painter and poet, as well as interior and furniture designer. A patriotic writer, he created a series of symbolic, national dramas within ...

was the chief Art Nouveau artist in Poland; his paintings, theatrical designs, stained glass windows and building interiors are widely admired and celebrated in the

National Museum in Kraków National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, ce ...

. The

Zakopane Style architecture Zakopane Style (or Witkiewicz Style) is an art style, most visible in architecture, but also found in furniture and related objects, inspired by the regional art of Poland's highland regions, most notably Podhale. Drawing on the motifs and tradit ...

is part of Polish Art Nouveau style. Also,

Vienna Secession The Vienna Secession (german: Wiener Secession; also known as ''the Union of Austrian Artists'', or ''Vereinigung Bildender Künstler Österreichs'') is an art movement, closely related to Art Nouveau, that was formed in 1897 by a group of Austri ...

buildings can be found in various Polish cities, e.g. in Bielsko-Biała ( Saint Nicholas' Cathedral and house at 51 Stojałowskiego Street by

Leopold Bauer Leopold Bauer (1 September 1872 – 7 October 1938) was an Austrian-Silesian architect. His work was part of the architecture event in the art competition at the 1936 Summer Olympics. Work The Petr Bezruč City House of Culture in Opava, which ...

as well as house at 1 Barlickiego Street by

Max Fabiani Maximilian Fabiani, commonly known as Max Fabiani ( it, Massimo, sl, Maks) (29 April 1865 – 12 August 1962) was a cosmopolitan trilingual architect and town planner of mixed Italian-Austrian ancestry, born in the village of Kobdilj near Š ...

). Main centers of Art Nouveau buildings in Poland are Kraków,

Łódź Łódź, also rendered in English as Lodz, is a city in central Poland and a former industrial centre. It is the capital of Łódź Voivodeship, and is located approximately south-west of Warsaw. The city's coat of arms is an example of canti ...

Wrocław Wrocław (; german: Breslau, or . ; Silesian German: ''Brassel'') is a city in southwestern Poland and the largest city in the historical region of Silesia. It lies on the banks of the River Oder in the Silesian Lowlands of Central Europe, rou ...

Poznań Poznań () is a city on the River Warta in west-central Poland, within the Greater Poland region. The city is an important cultural and business centre, and one of Poland's most populous regions with many regional customs such as Saint John ...

and

Bydgoszcz Bydgoszcz ( , , ; german: Bromberg) is a city in northern Poland, straddling the meeting of the River Vistula with its left-bank tributary, the Brda. With a city population of 339,053 as of December 2021 and an urban agglomeration with more ...

Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...

was once a thriving centre of Art Nouveau architecture, however, only a few individual buildings survive; the city was razed during

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

. Subsequently, more destruction was inflicted by the communist authorities between 1947 and 1989 on the grounds that the buildings were perceived as decadent and bourgeois. Notable Polish Art Nouveau architects include Franciszek Mączyński, Tadeusz Stryjeński, Ludwik Wojtyczko, Sławomir Odrzywolski, Beniamin Torbe, Romuald Miller, Wiktor Miarczyński.

Gallery

File:Bielsko-Biała,_Frog_House.jpg,

Frog House Frog House ( pl, kamienica Pod Żabami) is an example of Art Nouveau architecture in the city of Bielsko-Biała, in southern Poland's Silesian Voivodship, Silesia Province. It features two frogs seated over the entrance, one smoking a smoking pip ...

Bielsko-Biała Bielsko-Biała (; cs, Bílsko-Bělá, german: Bielitz-Biala, szl, Bjylsko-Bjoło) is a city in southern Poland, with a population of approximately 168,319 as of December 2021, making it the 22nd largest city in Poland, and an area of . It is a ...

File:Bdg Gdanska68 1 07-2013.jpg, Eduard Schulz Tenement,

File:Kamienica, Bydgoszcz, ul. Mickiewicza 1 by AW.jpg, Rudolf Kern Tenement, Bydgoszcz File:Kamienica Haase i Wagnera w Poznaniu 01.jpg, Haase and Wagner Tenement House,

File:KamienicaCzyncielów-RynekGłówny(G-H)-POL, Kraków.jpg, Czynciel House,

File:Wolny's Tenement (1909, designed by arch. Wiktor Miarczyński), 2 Szczepanski square, Old Town, Krakow, Poland.jpg, Wolny Tenement, Kraków File:Krakow 2018 41.jpg, Facade of the Agricultural Society Building, Kraków File:Kamienica Dawidsohna i Kadyńskiego Warszawa.jpg,

Jerusalem Avenue Jerusalem Avenue ( pl, Aleje Jerozolimskie) is one of the principal streets of the capital city of Warsaw in Poland. It runs through the City Centre along the East-West axis, linking the western borough of Wola with the bridge on the Vistula Riv ...

File:Kamienica Dawida Szmulewicza Łódź 01.jpg, Piotrkowska 37,

File:Piotrkowska 128 Kamienica Schichtów MZW 2143.jpg, Schycht House,

File:Wrocław Rynek 13 sm.jpg, Market Square,

File:PL-DS, Wrocław, ul. Świętokrzyska 57, Prusa 5; Kamienica; 284; 01.jpg,

References

Architecture in Poland {{authority control