Arnold Berliner (Gut Mittelneuland bei

Neisse The Lusatian Neisse (german: Lausitzer Neiße; pl, Nysa Łużycka; cs, Lužická Nisa; Upper Sorbian: ''Łužiska Nysa''; Lower Sorbian: ''Łužyska Nysa''), or Western Neisse, is a river in northern Central Europe.Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitue ...

, 22 March 1942) was a German physicist.

Biography

Berliner graduated in physics from the

University of Breslau A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, th ...

in 1886. He worked in the research and development laboratories of the

Allgemeine Elektrizitäts-Gesellschaft Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft AG (AEG; ) was a German producer of electrical equipment founded in Berlin as the ''Deutsche Edison-Gesellschaft für angewandte Elektricität'' in 1883 by Emil Rathenau. During the World War II, Second W ...

(AEG). Around the middle of 1912 he was appointed by the publishing firm

Springer Verlag Springer Science+Business Media, commonly known as Springer, is a German multinational publishing company of books, e-books and peer-reviewed journals in science, humanities, technical and medical (STM) publishing. Originally founded in 1842 in ...

Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitue ...

as editor of the new scientific magazine ''

Naturwissenschaften ''The Science of Nature'', formerly ''Naturwissenschaften'', is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Springer Science+Business Media covering all aspects of the natural sciences relating to questions of biological significance. I ...

'', inspired by the prestigious British scientific journal ''

Nature Nature, in the broadest sense, is the physics, physical world or universe. "Nature" can refer to the phenomenon, phenomena of the physical world, and also to life in general. The study of nature is a large, if not the only, part of science. ...

'', first published in November 1869. Naturwissenschaften began publication in January 1913. He became a good friend of immunologist

Paul Ehrlich Paul Ehrlich (; 14 March 1854 – 20 August 1915) was a Nobel Prize-winning German physician and scientist who worked in the fields of hematology, immunology, and antimicrobial chemotherapy. Among his foremost achievements were finding a cure ...

and chemist

Richard Willstätter Richard Martin Willstätter FRS(For) HFRSE (, 13 August 1872 – 3 August 1942) was a German organic chemist whose study of the structure of plant pigments, chlorophyll included, won him the 1915 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. Willstätter invented ...

Nazi Germany and suicide

Berliner was dismissed on 13 August 1935, from the journal he had founded 22 years earlier because of the racial policies on "non-Aryans" implemented by the Nazi government. The decision was reported in ''Nature'' (See ''Nature'' 136, 506-506; 28 September 1935), which editorialized: Berliner committed suicide the day before an evacuation order (meaning deportation to an

extermination camp Nazi Germany used six extermination camps (german: Vernichtungslager), also called death camps (), or killing centers (), in Central Europe during World War II to systematically murder over 2.7 million peoplemostly Jewsin the Holocaust. The v ...

) became effective.

Honors

In 1933, the main-belt asteroid 1018 Arnolda, discovered at Heidelberg Observatory by

Karl Reinmuth Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth (4 April 1892 in Heidelberg – 6 May 1979 in Heidelberg) was a German astronomer and a prolific discoverer of 395 minor planets. Scientific career From 1912 to 1957, Reinmuth was working as an astronomer at the Lande ...

, was named after Berliner on the occasion of his 70th birthday.

References

Abraham Pais Abraham Pais (; May 19, 1918 – July 28, 2000) was a Dutch-American physicist and science historian. Pais earned his Ph.D. from University of Utrecht just prior to a Nazi ban on Jewish participation in Dutch universities during World War II. W ...

, (Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1918 - Copenhagen, Denmark, 2000). Dutch-American Jewish Nuclear Physicist, ''"Subtle is the Lord—": The science and the life of Albert Einstein'', (Oxford University Press, 1982), . . Philosophy, , and its sequel, ''Einstein Lived Here'' (Clarendon Press/Oxford University Press, 1994), . Albert Einstein, (1879–1955) was very close, intellectually speaking, to Arnold Berliner. * A brief obituary notice was published in Nature 150, 284-284 (5 September 1942). *

Fritz Stern Fritz Richard Stern (February 2, 1926 – May 18, 2016) was a German-born American historian of German history, Jewish history and historiography. He was a University Professor and a provost at New York's Columbia University. His work focused o ...

, ''Einstein's German World'', Princeton University Press, (1999). {{DEFAULTSORT:Berliner, Arnold 1862 births 1942 suicides 20th-century German physicists 19th-century German physicists Members of the Prussian Academy of Sciences University of Breslau alumni Suicides in Germany 19th-century German Jews Jewish physicists Suicides by Jews during the Holocaust German Jews who died in the Holocaust