Arne Magnéli (6 December 1914 – 22 July 1996) was a Swedish chemist and crystallographer known for his work on the structure determination of transition metal

oxides An oxide () is a chemical compound that contains at least one oxygen atom and one other element in its chemical formula. "Oxide" itself is the dianion of oxygen, an O2– (molecular) ion. with oxygen in the oxidation state of −2. Most of the E ...

and alloys, including the study into their

homologous series In organic chemistry, a homologous series is a sequence of compounds with the same functional group and similar chemical properties in which the members of the series can be branched or unbranched, or differ by molecular formula of and molecu ...

and nonstoichiometric phenomenon.

Education and career

Magnéli studied at

Stockholm University Stockholm University ( sv, Stockholms universitet) is a public research university in Stockholm, Sweden, founded as a college in 1878, with university status since 1960. With over 33,000 students at four different faculties: law, humanities, so ...

and graduated with a Licentiate in 1941. He moved to Uppsala University to conduct his graduate research under

Gunnar Hägg Gunnar Hägg (December 14, 1903 in Stockholm – May 28, 1986 in Uppsala) was a Swedish chemist and crystallographer. Education and career Hägg studied chemistry at Stockholm University from 1922, was a Ramsay Fellow at the University of Lond ...

, obtaining his PhD in 1950 for the study on tungsten bronzes. He took up a teaching position at

in 1953, and later became the Chair of Inorganic Chemistry at the university until his retirement in 1980. From his research into the structures of transition metal oxides, Magnéli developed the concept of ''recurrent dislocations'', which nowadays is known as crystallographic shear. The Magnéli phases of transition metal oxides, such as nonstoichiometric

tungsten oxide Tungsten has several oxidation states, and therefore oxides: * Tungsten(III) oxide * Tungsten(IV) oxide, also known as tungsten dioxide *Tungsten(VI) oxide Tungsten(VI) oxide, also known as tungsten trioxide is a chemical compound of oxygen and t ...

, molybdenum oxide, titanium oxide, and vanadium oxide are named after him.

Honors and awards

Magnéli was awarded the Gregori Aminoff Prize of the

Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences ( sv, Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien) is one of the Swedish Royal Academies, royal academies of Sweden. Founded on 2 June 1739, it is an independent, non-governmental scientific organization that takes special ...

in 1989. He served as the secretary of the

Nobel Committee for Physics The Nobel Committee for Physics is the Nobel Committee responsible for proposing laureates for the Nobel Prize for Physics.

from 1966 to 1973 and the Nobel Committee for Chemistry from 1966 to 1986.

External links

Publications of Arne Magnéli in Acta Chemica Scandinavica

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Magneli, Arne 1914 births 1996 deaths Swedish chemists Stockholm University alumni Stockholm University faculty Crystallographers Uppsala University alumni People from Stockholm Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Solid state chemists