The Army Group Mackensen (

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ger ...

: ''Heeresgruppe Mackensen'') which operated against Romania between 28 August 1916 and 7 May 1918 during

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

under the command of

field marshal Field marshal (or field-marshal, abbreviated as FM) is the most senior military rank, ordinarily senior to the general officer ranks. Usually, it is the highest rank in an army and as such few persons are appointed to it. It is considered as ...

Mackensen, was an

Army Group An army group is a military organization consisting of several field armies, which is self-sufficient for indefinite periods. It is usually responsible for a particular geographic area. An army group is the largest field organization handled by ...

of the

Imperial German Army The Imperial German Army (1871–1919), officially referred to as the German Army (german: Deutsches Heer), was the unified ground and air force of the German Empire. It was established in 1871 with the political unification of Germany under the l ...

History

This Army Group was established in August 1916 to attack Romania from the South. In September, following significant initial success, the

first invasion ''First Invasion'' is the debut EP by South Korean boy band Infinite (South Korean band), Infinite. It was released on June 9, 2010. They promoted the main single of the EP "Come Back Again" and followed with "She's Back (song), She's Back". Tra ...

was temporarily halted by the Romanians and Russians, but in October 1916,

Constanța Constanța (, ; ; rup, Custantsa; bg, Кюстенджа, Kyustendzha, or bg, Констанца, Konstantsa, label=none; el, Κωνστάντζα, Kōnstántza, or el, Κωνστάντια, Kōnstántia, label=none; tr, Köstence), histo ...

was taken, and on 6 December

Bucharest Bucharest ( , ; ro, București ) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre. It is located in the southeast of the country, on the banks of the Dâmbovița River, less than north of ...

. The Romanians fell back to

Western Moldavia Moldavia ( ro, Moldova), also called Western Moldavia or Romanian Moldavia, is the historic and geographical part of the former Principality of Moldavia situated in eastern and north-eastern Romania. Until its union with Wallachia in 1859, the Pr ...

and held the front line on the Eastern Carpathians and the Siret-Danube line throughout 1917 and early 1918 until the signing of the

Treaty of Bucharest (1918) The Treaty of Bucharest (1918) was a peace treaty between Romania and the opposing Central Powers following the stalemate reached after the campaign of 1917. This left Romania isolated after Russia's unilateral exit from World War I (see the Arm ...

on 7 May 1918. The Army Group was disbanded on 1 July 1918 and Mackensen became head of the ''Supreme Command of the Occupation Army'' (''Oberkommando des Besatzungsheeres'').

Composition

* Bulgarian Third Army (

Stefan Toshev Stefan Toshev ( bg, Стефан Тошев) (18 December 1859 – 27 November 1924) was a Bulgarian general, from World War I. His mother was a teacher from the period of the National Revival. He volunteered in the Bulgarian Opalchentsi Cor ...

, succeeded by

Stefan Nerezov Stefan Mikhailov Nerezov ( bg, Стефан Михайлов Нерезов) (born 12 November 1867 – 16 April 1925) was a Bulgarian General and Chief of the Bulgarian Army Staff. Biography Stefan Nerezov was born in Sevlievo, at the time ...

and Georgi Todorov) * German

Danube Army The Danube ( ; ) is a river that was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire and today connects 10 European countries, running through their territories or being a border. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for , pa ...

(

Robert Kosch Robert Paul Theodor von Kosch (5 April 1856 in Glatz (Kłodzko), Prussian Silesia – 22 December 1942) was a Prussian General of the Infantry during World War I. Early life Robert was the youngest of ten children of Hermann and Agnes Kosch. ...

) * Ottoman VI Army Corps (

Mustafa Hilmi Pasha Mustafa Hilmi Pasha (1863–1922) was a general of the Ottoman Army. He was the son of Ibrahim Pasha Sarim. In the early 20th century, he participated in the modernisation and unification of the Ottoman Army. In World War I, he commanded the ...

) (October 1916 - February 1918) * German 9th Army (

Erich von Falkenhayn General Erich Georg Sebastian Anton von Falkenhayn (11 September 1861 – 8 April 1922) was the second Chief of the German General Staff of the First World War from September 1914 until 29 August 1916. He was removed on 29 August 1916 after t ...

, succeeded by

Johannes von Eben Johannes Karl Louis Richard Eben, from 1906 named von Eben (24 February 1855 – 30 June 1924) was a Prussian officer who served as a German general of the infantry in World War I . Early life Johanness Karl Louis Richard Eben was born in Preu� ...

) (December 1916 - May 1918)

Sources

{{no footnotes, date=January 2016
Die Deutschen Heeresgruppen im Ersten Weltkrieg
Mackensen Military units and formations of Germany in World War I Military units and formations established in 1916 Military units and formations disestablished in 1918