The Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar was an

aircraft engine An aircraft engine, often referred to as an aero engine, is the power component of an aircraft propulsion system. Most aircraft engines are either piston engines or gas turbines, although a few have been rocket powered and in recent years many ...

developed by Armstrong Siddeley. The Jaguar was a petrol-fuelled air-cooled 14-cylinder two-row radial engine design. The Jaguar III was first used in 1923, followed in 1925 by the Jaguar IV and in 1927 by the Jaguar VI. In 1925 the Jaguar became the first production aero engine incorporating a geared

supercharger In an internal combustion engine, a supercharger compresses the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to produce more power for a given displacement. The current categorisation is that a supercharger is a form of forced induct ...

Design and development

The Jaguar was developed from the Royal Aircraft Factory RAF.8 design proposal of 1917, and was engineered to use a gear-driven

. First run on 21 June 1922 initial performance was not as expected; as a result the stroke was increased to 5.5 in (139.7 mm) on all variants after the Jaguar I. Throughout its career the Jaguar suffered from vibration due to a lack of a

crankshaft A crankshaft is a mechanical component used in a piston engine to convert the reciprocating motion into rotational motion. The crankshaft is a rotating shaft containing one or more crankpins, that are driven by the pistons via the connecting ...

centre bearing. The most powerful version of the engine, the Jaguar VIC, produced a maximum of 490 hp (365 kW) on takeoff at 1,950

rpm Revolutions per minute (abbreviated rpm, RPM, rev/min, r/min, or with the notation min−1) is a unit of rotational speed or rotational frequency for rotating machines. Standards ISO 80000-3:2019 defines a unit of rotation as the dimensionl ...

and weighed 910 lb (413 kg). The later

Lynx A lynx is a type of wild cat. Lynx may also refer to: Astronomy * Lynx (constellation) * Lynx (Chinese astronomy) * Lynx X-ray Observatory, a NASA-funded mission concept for a next-generation X-ray space observatory Places Canada * Lynx, Ontar ...

was designed using one row of Jaguar cylinders.Gunston 1989, p. 18.

Variants

;Jaguar I :1922, 300 hp. ;Jaguar II :1923, 385 hp, increased stroke, capacity 1,512 cu in (24.8 L). ;Jaguar III :1923, 385 hp. ;Jaguar IIIA :1923, 380 hp. ;Jaguar IV :1925, 385 hp, twin carburettors ;Jaguar IVA :420 hp, Geared propeller drive. ;Jaguar IVC :1928, 400 hp, revised

connecting rod A connecting rod, also called a 'con rod', is the part of a piston engine which connects the piston to the crankshaft. Together with the crank, the connecting rod converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotation of the cranksh ...

design, enclosed valve gear. ;Jaguar IV(S) :1925, 365 hp, fully supercharged. ;Jaguar V :1928. ;Jaguar VI :1927. ;Jaguar VI(S) :1928, supercharged version of Jaguar VI. ;Jaguar VIC :1927, 470 hp, geared propeller drive version of Jaguar VI. ;Jaguar VID :1928. ;Jaguar VIIA :1929, 400 hp, fully supercharged. ;Jaguar VIII :1928, 405 hp, fully supercharged, geared propeller drive

Applications

* Airco DH.4 *

Airco DH.9 The Airco DH.9 (from de Havilland 9) – also known after 1920 as the de Havilland DH.9 – was a British single-engined biplane bomber developed and deployed during the First World War. The DH.9 was a development of Airco's earlier successful ...

* Armstrong Whitworth Ajax *

Armstrong Whitworth Aries The Armstrong Whitworth Atlas was a British single-engine biplane designed and built by Armstrong Whitworth Aircraft. It served as an army co-operation aircraft for the Royal Air Force (RAF) in the 1920s and 1930s. It was the first purpose-des ...

* Armstrong Whitworth Argosy * Armstrong Whitworth Atlas * Armstrong Whitworth Siskin * Armstrong Whitworth Starling *

Armstrong Whitworth Wolf The Armstrong Whitworth Wolf was a British two-seat reconnaissance aircraft ordered by the Royal Air Force in 1923. Design and development The Wolf was a two-bay biplane of unorthodox design, with the fuselage mounted between the two sets of w ...

* Avro 642 *

Blackburn Airedale The Blackburn R.2 Airedale was a single-engine three-seat monoplane deck-landing aircraft for land and sea reconnaissance, built in the UK in 1924. Only two were built. Development The Airedale was designed by F.A.Bumpus to Air Ministry speci ...

Blackburn C.A.15C The Blackburn C.A.15C Monoplane and Biplane were a pair of British aircraft intended to be as similar as possible apart from their wing arrangement. Tests in 1933 did not favour either design conclusively. Development Though best known for mi ...

Blackburn Turcock The Blackburn F.1 Turcock was a British single-seat single-engine biplane fighter built in 1927. Designed to be produced in several variants, only one was completed. Development In 1926 Blackburn partially deviated from their practice of buil ...

* Boulton Paul P.71 *

De Havilland Dormouse The de Havilland DH.42 Dormouse and its two variants the de Havilland DH.42A Dingo I and II were two-seat single-engined biplanes designed for fighter-reconnaissance and army cooperation roles. They did not achieve production. Development Apa ...

* De Havilland DH.50 * De Havilland Giant Moth *

De Havilland Hyena The de Havilland DH.56 Hyena was a prototype British army cooperation aircraft of the 1920s. A single-engined biplane, the Hyena was designed against an RAF requirement, but was unsuccessful with only two being built, the Armstrong Whitworth A ...

Fairey Ferret The Fairey Ferret was a 1930s British general-purpose biplane designed and built by the Fairey Aviation Company. It performed well in trials but was not ordered into production. Development The Ferret was designed to meet a Fleet Air Arm requi ...

Fairey Flycatcher The Fairey Flycatcher was a British single-seat biplane carrier-borne fighter aircraft made by Fairey Aviation Company which served from 1923 to 1934. It was produced with a conventional undercarriage for carrier use, although this could be exc ...

Fokker C.V The Fokker C.V was a Dutch light reconnaissance and bomber biplane aircraft manufactured by Fokker. It was designed by Anthony Fokker and the series manufacture began in 1924 at Fokker in Amsterdam. Development The C.V was constructed in the earl ...

Fokker D.XVI The Fokker D.XVI (sometimes written as Fokker D.16) was a sesquiplane fighter aircraft developed in the Netherlands in the late 1920s. Development The Fokker D.XVI was a conventional, single-bay sesquiplane with staggered wings braced with V- ...

Gloster Gnatsnapper The Gloster SS.35 Gnatsnapper was a British naval biplane fighter design of the late 1920s. Two prototypes were built but the type did not enter production. Design and development The Gnatsnapper was a submission to Air Ministry specification ...

* Gloster Grebe * Handley Page Hampstead *

Hawker Danecock The Hawker Danecock biplane was developed from the Hawker Woodcock for the Danish air force and naval service. Design and development In 1925 the Danish Government notified Hawker that they would order three aircraft similar to the Woodcock, b ...

* Hawker Hawfinch * Hawker Hoopoe *

Hawker Woodcock The Hawker Woodcock was a British single-seat fighter built by the Hawker Engineering Company as the first fighter to be produced by Hawker Engineering (the successor to Sopwith Aviation). It was used by the RAF as a night fighter in the 1920 ...

* Larkin Lascowl * Martinsyde ADC 1 *

Nieuport Nighthawk The Nieuport Nighthawk was a British fighter aircraft developed by the Nieuport & General Aircraft company for the Royal Air Force towards the end of the First World War. Although ordered into production before the aircraft first flew, it did ...

Parnall Plover The Parnall Plover was a British single-seat naval fighter aircraft of the 1920s. Designed and built by George Parnall & Co. for use on Royal Navy aircraft carriers, it was ordered into small-scale production but after extensive evaluation, t ...

* RAAF Experimental Section Warrigal II * Supermarine Air Yacht *

Supermarine Nanok The Supermarine Nanok was a British three-engined biplane flying boat built by Supermarine. Built to meet a Royal Danish Navy requirement, the single prototype was rebuilt as a private air yacht and renamed the Supermarine Solent. Developmen ...

Supermarine Southampton The Supermarine Southampton was a flying boat of the interwar period designed and produced by the British aircraft manufacturer Supermarine. It was one of the most successful flying boats of the era. The Southampton was derived from the experime ...

Vickers Vellore The Vickers Vellore was a large biplane designed as a freight and mail carrier, in single-engined and twin-engined versions, which saw limited use as freighters and long-range experimental aircraft. A final variant with a broader fuselage, the ...

* Vickers Vespa *

Vickers Viastra The Vickers Viastra was an all-metal 12-seat passenger high-wing monoplane, with variants powered by one, two and three engines. Two twin-engined Viastras operated commercially in Australia from 1931-6; another served as a Royal transport. Deve ...

Vickers Vimy Trainer Vickers was a British engineering company that existed from 1828 until 1999. It was formed in Sheffield as a steel foundry by Edward Vickers and his father-in-law, and soon became famous for casting church bells. The company went public i ...

* Westland Wapiti * Westland Weasel

Engines on display

A preserved Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar is on public display at the Science Museum (London).

Specifications (Jaguar I)

References

Notes

Footnotes

Bibliography

* Lumsden, Alec. ''British Piston Engines and their Aircraft''. Marlborough, Wiltshire: Airlife Publishing, 2003. .

External links

Virtual aviation museum
- a 1926 '' Flight'' article on the Jaguar's endurance during an London-Cape Town-London flight by Alan Cobham {{Royal Aircraft Factory aeroengines Aircraft air-cooled radial piston engines

Jaguar The jaguar (''Panthera onca'') is a large cat species and the only living member of the genus '' Panthera'' native to the Americas. With a body length of up to and a weight of up to , it is the largest cat species in the Americas and the th ...

1920s aircraft piston engines