Armand Sabatier (, , ; 13 January 1834 – 22 December 1910) was a French

zoologist Zoology ()The pronunciation of zoology as is usually regarded as nonstandard, though it is not uncommon. is the branch of biology that studies the Animal, animal kingdom, including the anatomy, structure, embryology, evolution, Biological clas ...

known for his studies of

comparative anatomy Comparative anatomy is the study of similarities and differences in the anatomy of different species. It is closely related to evolutionary biology and phylogeny (the evolution of species). The science began in the classical era, continuing in t ...

of animals, and for his work in photography, discovering and publishing in 1860 the

Sabattier effect The Sabatier effect, also known as pseudo-solarization (or pseudo-solarisation) and erroneously referred to as the Sabattier effect, is a phenomenon in photography in which the image recorded on a negative or on a photographic print is wholly o ...

, also known as pseudo-solarisation. He studied in

Montpellier Montpellier (, , ; oc, Montpelhièr ) is a city in southern France near the Mediterranean Sea. One of the largest urban centres in the region of Occitania (administrative region), Occitania, Montpellier is the prefecture of the Departments of ...

, where he took special mathematics courses in high school, then enrolled in medicine. He then did three years of internship in

Lyon Lyon,, ; Occitan: ''Lion'', hist. ''Lionés'' also spelled in English as Lyons, is the third-largest city and second-largest metropolitan area of France. It is located at the confluence of the rivers Rhône and Saône, to the northwest of t ...

, then returned to Montpellier, where he defended in 1863 his doctoral thesis of medicine, entitled "Anatomical, physiological and clinical study on pulmonary auscultation in children".. He married Laure Gervais de Rouville and they had a daughter, Jeanne. During the Franco-Prussian War of 1870 he was surgeon in charge of the ambulances of the South. After the war, he prepared his doctorate of sciences, which he obtained in 1873, after defending his thesis entitled "The heart and the central circulation of the vertebrates". He was appointed professor and chair of zoology of the faculty of sciences of Montpellier in 1876. He was Dean of the Faculty of Science from 1891 till 1904. In 1905 he founded and managed the maritime zoology station of

Sète Sète (; oc, Seta, ), also historically spelt ''Cette'' (official until 1928) and ''Sette'', is a commune in the Hérault department, in the region of Occitania, southern France. Its inhabitants are called ''Sétois'' (male) and ''Sétoises' ...

. The sculptor Auguste Baussan made a bust of him which is situated at the University of Montpellier. The painter Edouard Marsal painted his portrait, situated at the Faculty of Sciences of Montpellier. He was the founder of the independent Reformed Church of Montpellier. Sabatier supported the theory of evolutisme and gave a series of courses to the Protestant theology faculty of Montauban in 1884–1885. He was a member of the French Academy of Science from 1835 till his death in 1910 in the departments of zoology and anatomy,http://www.academie-sciences.fr/en/Liste-des-membres-depuis-la-creation-de-l-Academie-des-sciences/les-membres-du-passe-dont-le-nom-commence-par-s.html ''Les membres du passé dont le nom commence par S'' and a member of the Academy of Sciences and Letters of Montpellier (1871–1886). He was buried at the Protestant cemetery of Montpellier.

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Sabatier, Armand 1834 births 1910 deaths French zoologists French anatomists History of photography