Clément Armand Fallières (; 6 November 1841 – 22 June 1931) was a French statesman who was

President of France The president of France, officially the president of the French Republic (french: Président de la République française), is the executive head of state of France, and the commander-in-chief of the French Armed Forces. As the presidency i ...

from 1906 to 1913. He was born at

Mézin Mézin (; oc, Mesin) is a commune in the Lot-et-Garonne department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, south-western France. It is part of the arrondissement of Nerac. Geography The Auzoue flows into the Gélise in the commune. The Gélise forms most ...

in the ''département'' of

Lot-et-Garonne Lot-et-Garonne (, oc, Òlt e Garona) is a department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of Southwestern France. Named after the rivers Lot and Garonne, it had a population of 331,271 in 2019.Nérac Nérac (; oc, Nerac, ) is a commune in the Lot-et-Garonne department, Southwestern France. The composer and organist Louis Raffy was born in Nérac, as was the former Arsenal and Bordeaux footballer Marouane Chamakh, as was Admiral Francois D ...

, beginning his public career there as

municipal councilor A councillor is an elected representative for a local government council in some countries. Canada Due to the control that the provinces have over their municipal governments, terms that councillors serve vary from province to province. Unl ...

(1868), afterwards

mayor In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilities of a mayor as well a ...

(1871), and as councillor-general of the ''department'' of Lot-et-Garonne (1871). Being an ardent

Republican Republican can refer to: Political ideology * An advocate of a republic, a type of government that is not a monarchy or dictatorship, and is usually associated with the rule of law. ** Republicanism, the ideology in support of republics or agains ...

, he lost this position in May 1873 upon the fall of Thiers, but in February 1876 was elected deputy for Nérac. In the Chamber he sat with the

Opportunist Republican The Moderates or Moderate Republicans (french: Républicains modérés), pejoratively labeled Opportunist Republicans (), was a French political group active in the late 19th century during the Third French Republic. The leaders of the group in ...

parliamentary group, ''Gauche républicaine'', signed the protestation of 18 May 1877, and was re-elected five months later. In 1880 he became under-secretary of state in the department of the interior in

Jules Ferry Jules François Camille Ferry (; 5 April 183217 March 1893) was a French statesman and republican philosopher. He was one of the leaders of the Moderate Republicans and served as Prime Minister of France from 1880 to 1881 and 1883 to 1885. He ...

's ministry (May 1880 to November 1881). From 7 August 1882 to 20 February 1883 he was Minister of the Interior, and for a month (from 29 January 1883) was

Prime Minister A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is not ...

. His ministry had to face the question of the expulsion of the pretenders to the throne of France, owing to the proclamation by

Prince Napoléon Italian and Corsican: ''Casa di Buonaparte'', native_name_lang=French, coat of arms=Arms of the French Empire3.svg, caption=Coat of arms assumed by Emperor Napoleon I, image_size=150px, alt=Coat of Arms of Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, typ ...

(January 1883). Fallières, who was ill at the time, was not able to face the storm of opposition, and resigned when the

Senate A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...

rejected his project. The following November, however, he was chosen as minister of public instruction by

, and carried out various reforms in the school system. He resigned in March 1885, becoming Minister of the Interior in

Maurice Rouvier Maurice Rouvier (; 17 April 1842 – 7 June 1911) was a French statesman of the "Opportunist" faction, who served as the Prime Minister of France. He is best known for his financial policies and his unpopular policies designed to avoid a ruptur ...

's cabinet two years later. He exchanged his portfolio in December for that of the department of justice. He returned again to the Ministry of the Interior in February 1889, and finally retook the department of justice from March 1890 to February 1892. In June 1890 his ''département'' (Lot-et-Garonne) elected him to the senate by 417 votes to 23. There Fallières remained independent of party struggles, although maintaining his influence among the Republicans. In March 1899 he was elected President of the Senate, and retained that position until January 1906, when he was chosen by a union of the groups of the Left in both chambers as candidate for the Presidency of the Republic. He was elected on the first ballot by 449 votes against 371 for his opponent,

Paul Doumer Joseph Athanase Doumer, commonly known as Paul Doumer (; 22 March 18577 May 1932), was the President of France from 13 June 1931 until his assassination on 7 May 1932. Biography Joseph Athanase Doumer was born in Aurillac, in the Cantal ''dépa ...

. Fallières was an outspoken opponent of the death penalty and commuted the sentences of many prisoners sentenced to death.

Fallières' ministry, 29 January 1883 – 21 February 1883

*Armand Fallières –

President of the Council of Ministers The President of the Council of Ministers (sometimes titled Chairman of the Council of Ministers) is the most senior member of the cabinet in the executive branch of government in some countries. Some Presidents of the Council of Ministers are th ...

, interim

Minister of Foreign Affairs A foreign affairs minister or minister of foreign affairs (less commonly minister for foreign affairs) is generally a cabinet minister in charge of a state's foreign policy and relations. The formal title of the top official varies between cou ...

Minister of the Interior An interior minister (sometimes called a minister of internal affairs or minister of home affairs) is a cabinet official position that is responsible for internal affairs, such as public security, civil registration and identification, emergency ...

, and Minister of Worship *

Jean Thibaudin Jean Thibaudin (November 1822 – 1905) was a French people, French general and politician of the French Third Republic. He was educated at the École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr in Brittany. He was involved in the colonization of Madagasca ...

–

Minister of War A defence minister or minister of defence is a cabinet official position in charge of a ministry of defense, which regulates the armed forces in sovereign states. The role of a defence minister varies considerably from country to country; in som ...

Pierre Tirard Pierre Emmanuel Tirard (; 27 September 1827 – 4 November 1893) was a French politician. Biography He was born to French parents in Geneva, Switzerland. After studying in his native town, Tirard became a civil engineer. After five years of go ...

–

Minister of Finance A finance minister is an executive or cabinet position in charge of one or more of government finances, economic policy and financial regulation. A finance minister's portfolio has a large variety of names around the world, such as "treasury", " ...

Paul Devès Pierre Paul Devès (3 November 1837 – 12 November 1899) was a French politician. He was a deputy from 1876 to 1884, and senator from 1886 until his death in 1899. He was Minister of Agriculture from 1881 to 1882, and Minister of Justice from 188 ...

–

Minister of Justice A justice ministry, ministry of justice, or department of justice is a ministry or other government agency in charge of the administration of justice. The ministry or department is often headed by a minister of justice (minister for justice in a v ...

François de Mahy François Césaire de Mahy (22 July 1830, Saint-Pierre, Réunion – 19 November 1906, Paris) was a French politician. Biography He was born in Saint-Pierre into a family of notables whose father was elected mayor of the city in 1841. The youn ...

– Minister of Agriculture and interim Minister of Marine and Colonies *

Jules Duvaux Jules Duvaux (21 May 1827 – 2 June 1902) was a French politician of the French Third Republic. He was born in Nancy, France. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies of France in 1876. He was minister of public instruction and fine arts (7 A ...

– Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts *

Anne Charles Hérisson Charles Hérisson (12 October 1831 – 23 November 1893) was a French lawyer and politician of the French Third Republic. He was a member of the National Assembly of 1871, where he joined the Opportunist Republican parliamentary group, ''Gauche r� ...

– Minister of Public Works *

Adolphe Cochery Louis Adolphe Cochery (26 August 181913 October 1900) was a French politician and journalist. Biography Born in Paris, he studied Law and soon after soon entered politics, joining the staff of the Ministry of Justice after the revolution of Fe ...

– Minister of Posts and Telegraphs *

Pierre Legrand Pierre Legrand (May 13, 1834, Paris – May 31, 1895, Paris) was a 19th-century French politician of the French Third Republic. He served twice as minister of commerce (August 7, 1882 – February 20, 1883; April 6, 1885 – January 6, 1886) in t ...

– Minister of Commerce

Orders and decorations

* : Grand Cross of the Royal and Distinguished

Order of Charles III The Royal and Distinguished Spanish Order of Charles III, originally Royal and Much Distinguished Order of Charles III ( es, Real y Distinguida Orden Española de Carlos III, originally es, Real y Muy Distinguida Orden de Carlos III) was establ ...

, with Collar, ''19 June 1905'' * : Knight of the Royal

Order of the Seraphim The Royal Order of the Seraphim ( sv, Kungliga Serafimerorden; ''Seraphim'' being a category of angels) is a Swedish order of chivalry created by King Frederick I on 23 February 1748, together with the Order of the Sword and the Order of the P ...

, ''27 April 1906'' * : Grand Cross of the Royal Norwegian

Order of Saint Olav The Royal Norwegian Order of Saint Olav ( no, Den Kongelige Norske Sankt Olavs Orden; or ''Sanct Olafs Orden'', the old Norwegian name) is a Norwegian order of chivalry instituted by King Oscar I on 21 August 1847. It is named after King Olav I ...

, with Collar, ''13 October 1906'' *

Siam Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 mi ...

: Knight of the

Order of the Royal House of Chakri The Most Illustrious Order of the Royal House of Chakri ( th, เครื่องขัตติยราชอิสริยาภรณ์อันมีเกียรติคุณรุ่งเรืองยิ่งมหาจัก� ...

, ''20 June 1907'' * : Collar of the Order of Carol I, ''1907'' * :

Royal Victorian Chain The Royal Victorian Chain is a decoration instituted in 1902 by King Edward VII as a personal award of the monarch (i.e. not an award made on the advice of any Commonwealth realm government). It ranks above the Royal Victorian Order, with which it ...

, ''29 May 1908'' * : Knight of the

Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation The Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation ( it, Ordine Supremo della Santissima Annunziata) is a Roman Catholic order of chivalry, originating in Savoy. It eventually was the pinnacle of the honours system in the Kingdom of Italy, which ce ...

, ''25 April 1909'' * : Grand Cross of the

Order of Saint-Charles The Order of Saint Charles (french: Ordre de Saint Charles) is a dynastic order of knighthood established in Monaco on 15 March 1858. Award This order rewards service to the State or Prince. In particular cases, it may be granted to foreign ...

, ''27 April 1909''https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/var/jdm/storage/original/application/9ca6c2fef44c652010369f8baba96e4d.pdf

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Fallieres, Armand 1841 births 1931 deaths 20th-century presidents of France 20th-century Princes of Andorra People from Lot-et-Garonne Opportunist Republicans Democratic Republican Alliance politicians Princes of Andorra Prime Ministers of France French interior ministers Members of the 1st Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of the 2nd Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of the 3rd Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of the 4th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of the 5th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Senators of Lot-et-Garonne French Senators of the Third Republic Mayors of places in Nouvelle-Aquitaine Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint-Charles