HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

The El Paso and Southwestern Railroad began in 1888 as the Arizona and South Eastern Railroad, a short line serving copper mines in southern Arizona. Over the next few decades, it grew into a 1200-mile system that stretched from
Tucumcari, New Mexico Tucumcari (; ) is a city in and the county seat of Quay County, New Mexico, Quay County, New Mexico, United States. The population was 5,278 at the 2020 United States Census, 2020 census. Tucumcari was founded in 1901, two years before Quay Count ...
, southward to
El Paso, Texas El Paso (; "the pass") is a city in and the county seat, seat of El Paso County, Texas, El Paso County in the western corner of the U.S. state of Texas. The 2020 population of the city from the United States Census Bureau, U.S. Census Bureau w ...
, and westward to
Tucson, Arizona , "(at the) base of the black ill , nicknames = "The Old Pueblo", "Optics Valley", "America's biggest small town" , image_map = , mapsize = 260px , map_caption = Interactive map ...
, with several branch lines, including one to Nacozari, Mexico. The railroad was bought by the
Southern Pacific Railroad The Southern Pacific (or Espee from the railroad initials- SP) was an American Class I railroad network that existed from 1865 to 1996 and operated largely in the Western United States. The system was operated by various companies under the ...
in 1924 and fully merged into its parent company in 1955. The EP&SW was a major link in the transcontinental route of the ''
Golden State Limited The ''Golden State'' was a named passenger train between Chicago and Los Angeles from 1902–1968 on the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad (“Rock Island”) and the Southern Pacific Company (SP) and predecessors. It was named for Cal ...
''.


Founding

James Douglas was a former professor of
chemistry Chemistry is the science, scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter. It is a natural science that covers the Chemical element, elements that make up matter to the chemical compound, compounds made of atoms, molecules and ions ...
working for
William E. Dodge Jr. William Earl Dodge Jr. (February 15, 1832 – August 9, 1903) was an American businessman, activist, and philanthropist. For many years, he was one of two controlling partners in the Phelps Dodge Corporation, one of the largest copper mining corpo ...
and
Daniel Willis James Daniel Willis James (April 15, 1832 – September 13, 1907) was the son of an American merchant who with his cousin, William Earl Dodge Jr., transformed Phelps, Dodge & Co. from a predominantly mercantile business into one of the largest copper p ...
, majority co-owners of the trading firm Phelps, Dodge and Co. Phelps Dodge was interested in entering the
copper mining Copper extraction refers to the methods used to obtain copper from its ores. The conversion of copper consists of a series of physical and electrochemical processes. Methods have evolved and vary with country depending on the ore source, loca ...
industry, and hired Douglas to make an inspection of mining claims in the
Southwestern United States The Southwestern United States, also known as the American Southwest or simply the Southwest, is a geographic and cultural region of the United States that generally includes Arizona, New Mexico, and adjacent portions of California, Colorado, Ne ...
. Douglas suggested that the two men invest in the
Detroit Copper Mining Company of Arizona The Detroit Copper Mining Company was an American copper mining and smelting operation based in Morenci, Arizona. Incorporated in July 1872, it existed as an independent company until 1897, when a controlling interest in the company was purchased ...
, which owned a copper mining claim in Morenci, Arizona Territory, as well as purchase the Atlanta claim, adjoining the
Copper Queen Mine The Copper Queen Mine was a copper mine in Cochise County, Arizona, United States. Its development led to the growth of the surrounding town of Bisbee in the 1880s. Its orebody ran 23% copper, an extraordinarily high grade. It was acquired by P ...
, in Bisbee, Arizona Territory. In 1881, Phelps Dodge followed both recommendations, taking an interest in the Detroit Copper Mining Company, and purchasing a controlling interest in the Atlanta mine.Whitten, Whitten and Sisaye, ''The Birth of Big Business in the United States, 1860–1914: Commercial, Extractive, and Industrial Enterprise,'' 2005. After the Copper Queen and Atlanta mines both struck the Atlanta ore body in 1884, Phelps Dodge merged with the Copper Queen, to avoid litigation sparked by the "law of the apex". The company merged its various mining interests into the Copper Queen Consolidated Mining Company in 1885, and installed Douglas as president and part-owner. With production in the Bisbee area expanding, Douglas formed the Arizona and South Eastern Railroad in 1888. The railroad ran on a short spur of track from Bisbee to
Fairbank, Arizona Fairbank is a ghost town in Cochise County, Arizona, next to the San Pedro River. First settled in 1881, Fairbank was the closest rail stop to nearby Tombstone, which made it an important location in the development of southeastern Arizona. The ...
, where it met the mainline of the
Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway , often referred to as the Santa Fe or AT&SF, was one of the larger railroads in the United States. The railroad was chartered in February 1859 to serve the cities of Atchison, Kansas, Atchison and Top ...
's New Mexico and Arizona Railroad. Shortly thereafter and unhappy with AT&SF rates, the line was extended to
Benson, Arizona Benson is a city in Cochise County, Arizona, Cochise County, Arizona, United States, east-southeast of Tucson, Arizona, Tucson. It was founded as a rail terminal for the area, and still serves as such. As of the 2010 United States Census, 2010 c ...
, to connect with the
Southern Pacific Railroad The Southern Pacific (or Espee from the railroad initials- SP) was an American Class I railroad network that existed from 1865 to 1996 and operated largely in the Western United States. The system was operated by various companies under the ...
. In 1900, Copper Queen Consolidated built a new smelter at the newly built town of
Douglas, Arizona Douglas is a city in Cochise County, Arizona, United States that lies in the north-west to south-east running Sulpher Springs Valley. Douglas has a border crossing with Mexico at Agua Prieta and a history of mining. The population was 16,531 in ...
(named for James Douglas), to which the railroad was extended again. The line was renamed the El Paso and Southwestern Railroad on June 25, 1901, to reflect its larger scope (even though it did not yet extend to
El Paso, Texas El Paso (; "the pass") is a city in and the county seat, seat of El Paso County, Texas, El Paso County in the western corner of the U.S. state of Texas. The 2020 population of the city from the United States Census Bureau, U.S. Census Bureau w ...
). After the deaths of Dodge in 1903 and James in 1907, the various Phelps Dodge railroads, mining companies, real estate firms, as well as other subsidiaries and divisions were all merged into Phelps Dodge and Company. In 1915, Phelps Dodge and Company went public as
Phelps-Dodge Phelps Dodge Corporation was an American mining company founded in 1834 as an import-export firm by Anson Greene Phelps and his two sons-in-law William Earle Dodge, Sr. and Daniel James (businessman), Daniel James. The latter two ran Phelps, Jame ...
.


Expansion


Nacozari Railroad

James and Dodge had acquired the
Moctezuma Copper Company Montezuma or Moctezuma may refer to: People * Moctezuma I (1398–1469), the second Aztec emperor and fifth king of Tenochtitlan * Moctezuma II (c. 1460–1520), ninth Aztec emperor ** Pedro Moctezuma, a son of Montezuma II ** Isabel Moctezuma ...
in the state of
Sonora Sonora (), officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Sonora ( en, Free and Sovereign State of Sonora), is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the Administrative divisions of Mexico, Federal Entities of Mexico. The state is d ...
in Mexico, and in 1902 the El Paso and Southwestern line was extended south from Douglas to the Mexican town of
Nacozari de García Nacozari de García is a small mining town surrounded by the Nacozari de García Municipality in the northeast of the Mexican state of Sonora. Geography The municipal seat had a population of 11,193 in 2000. It is located at an elevation of 1,0 ...
. The Nacozari Railroad, owned by Moctezuma Copper Co. and used to transport ore to the Moctezuma smelter at Nacozari, was incorporated into the El Paso and Southwestern.


Morenci Southern Railroad

Phelps Dodge continued to expand, and purchased other mines surrounding their Detroit Copper Company mine near Morenci, Arizona. An eventual subsidiary of the El Paso and Southwestern—the Morenci Southern—was incorporated on June 6, 1902, and its roadbed connected the Morenci mines to the Arizona and New Mexico Railway (a subsidiary of the Arizona Copper Co., Ltd) at Guthrie, Arizona.Cravens, "El Paso and Southwestern Railroad," in ''The New Handbook of Texas,'' 1996.


El Paso and Northeastern Railway

In 1903, the terminus of the El Paso and Southwestern was extended from Douglas to El Paso by building new track as well as purchasing track from the
El Paso and Northeastern Railway The El Paso and Northeastern Railway (EP&NE) was a short line railroad that was built around the beginning of the twentieth century to help connect the industrial and commercial center at El Paso, Texas, with physical resources and the United St ...
, adding over of roadway to the line, also extending its reach to
Tucumcari, New Mexico Tucumcari (; ) is a city in and the county seat of Quay County, New Mexico, Quay County, New Mexico, United States. The population was 5,278 at the 2020 United States Census, 2020 census. Tucumcari was founded in 1901, two years before Quay Count ...
. The purchase of the Dawson Railway in 1905 extended the railroad to
Dawson, New Mexico Dawson (also Mountview) is a ghost town in Colfax County, New Mexico, United States. Dawson was the site of two separate coal mining disasters in 1913 and 1923. Dawson is located approximately 17 miles northeast of Cimarron. Dawson was a coal mi ...
, where Phelps Dodge had recently acquired coal mines to feed its smelting operations Near
Deming, New Mexico Deming (, ''DEM-ing'') is a city in Luna County, New Mexico, Luna County, New Mexico, United States, west of Las Cruces, New Mexico, Las Cruces and north of the Mexico–United States border, Mexican border. The population was 14,855 as of the ...
, the new track had to cross the line of the Southern Pacific Railroad. Aware that the Southern Pacific had only two watchmen on the route, the El Paso and Southwestern stopped all SP trains on either side of the junction and laid its new track across that of the Southern Pacific. In one day, the El Paso and Southwestern ran more than 500 fully laden
hopper car A hopper car (US) or hopper wagon ( UIC) is a type of railroad freight car used to transport loose bulk commodities such as coal, ore, grain, and track ballast. Two main types of hopper car exist: covered hopper cars, which are equipped with a ...
s across the new junction to establish a
right-of-way Right of way is the legal right, established by grant from a landowner or long usage (i.e. by prescription), to pass along a specific route through property belonging to another. A similar ''right of access'' also exists on land held by a gov ...
. The Southern Pacific sued and won a
temporary injunction An injunction is a legal and equitable remedy in the form of a special court order that compels a party to do or refrain from specific acts. ("The court of appeals ... has exclusive jurisdiction to enjoin, set aside, suspend (in whole or in pa ...
, but the injunction was never enforced and the El Paso and Southwestern continued to cross the Southern Pacific's line.


Extension to Tucson

Historian David Leighton wrote, that in February 1910, James Douglas, head of the
Phelps Dodge Corporation Phelps Dodge Corporation was an American mining company founded in 1834 as an import-export firm by Anson Greene Phelps and his two sons-in-law William Earle Dodge, Sr. and Daniel James. The latter two ran Phelps, James & Co., the part of the ...
, announced his plan to make Tucson the western terminus of the El Paso and Southwestern Railroad. Up to that point, Benson had that honor. The board of directors for the company would later that year approve Douglas's plan, making it official. The extension was from
Fairbank, Arizona Fairbank is a ghost town in Cochise County, Arizona, next to the San Pedro River. First settled in 1881, Fairbank was the closest rail stop to nearby Tombstone, which made it an important location in the development of southeastern Arizona. The ...
, (now a ghost town about 10 miles west of Tombstone) to Tucson, which had beat out Florence and Phoenix for this honor. By October 1911, there were forty camps of railroad workers between Fairbank and the Vail train station, with another one in the plans, within six miles of Tucson. In March 1912, the railroad executives chose a classical design, for its new passenger and freight depots which included a baggage room, ticket office, waiting rooms, operator's office and a rotunda that was 30 feet in diameter. The roof was to be made of red tile and four Tuscan columns would be by the main entrance. On Oct. 31, 1912, F.L Hunter, manager of the E.P. & S.W. purchasing department, drove in the last spike to complete the rail line, a ceremony witnessed by many Tucsonans. This was followed by the first scheduled train arriving on November 20, 1912, with a crowd of 3,000 people gathered around the temporary depot to greet it and celebrate the official arrival of the El Paso & Southwestern Railroad. The passenger depot was finished the following year and served travelers until 1924, when the railroad merged with the
Southern Pacific Railroad The Southern Pacific (or Espee from the railroad initials- SP) was an American Class I railroad network that existed from 1865 to 1996 and operated largely in the Western United States. The system was operated by various companies under the ...
. Two years later, the building was to become the headquarters for the U.S. Border Patrol's Tucson Sector. More recently it was home to two Mexican restaurants, Carlos Murphy's and Garcia's.


Bisbee deportation

The railroad's expansion continued gradually, and by 1917 the El Paso and Southwestern Railroad had more than of track in operation. However, the same year saw the railroad involved in a significant labor dispute. During the
Bisbee Deportation The Bisbee Deportation was the illegal kidnapping and deportation of about 1,300 striking mine workers, their supporters, and citizen bystanders by 2,000 members of a deputized posse, who arrested them beginning on July 12, 1917, in Bisbee, A ...
, railroad officials collaborated with their counterparts in the Phelps Dodge mining subsidiaries to
deport Deportation is the expulsion of a person or group of people from a place or country. The term ''expulsion'' is often used as a synonym for deportation, though expulsion is more often used in the context of international law, while deportation ...
more than 1,300 striking mine workers, their supporters, and even innocent citizen bystanders from the town of Bisbee more than to the town of Hermanas, New Mexico.


Demise

The worldwide collapse of copper prices after
World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...
severely affected not only the railroad's financial fortunes but those of the mining companies it served. In 1924, the Southern Pacific leased the entire El Paso and Southwest Railroad from
Phelps Dodge Phelps Dodge Corporation was an American mining company founded in 1834 as an import-export firm by Anson Greene Phelps and his two sons-in-law William Earle Dodge, Sr. and Daniel James. The latter two ran Phelps, James & Co., the part of the ...
, assuming the operation on either October 31 or November 1. In 1929, the ICC authorized abandonment of the Deming Branch. In November 1937, the railroad purchased the outstanding interest in the El Paso and Northeastern Railroad. It acquired the El Paso Southern Railway Company in December 1954. The El Paso and Southwestern Railroad was purchased from Phelps Dodge and merged into the Southern Pacific in 1955; the Texas subsidiary remained until 1961. Southern Pacific sold the line from Benson to Douglas to Kyle Railroads as the San Pedro & Southwestern Railway in 1992.


Route and notable buildings


Route

Highways follow most of the route of the El Paso and Southwestern Railroad. Beginning in Tucson, Arizona,
Arizona State Route 80 State Route 80 (SR 80) is a roughly arc-shaped highway lying in southeastern Arizona that, with New Mexico's State Road 80, is a relic of the old U.S. Route 80, now truncated from San Diego to Dallas. This segment of old US 80 was not closely p ...
(formerly U.S. Route 80) largely parallels the railroad grade south to Douglas. State Route 80 then follows the old tracks northeast to
Rodeo, New Mexico Rodeo is a census-designated place (CDP) in Hidalgo County, New Mexico, United States, at . It lies less than from the border with Arizona on New Mexico State Road 80. As of the 2010 census, the population of Rodeo was 101. History Founded in ...
. The tracks diverge from the highway here, and largely follow Gas Line Road until it intersects with
New Mexico State Road 9 State Road 9 (NM 9) is a state road in the U.S. state of New Mexico. The highway spans Hidalgo, Grant, and Luna counties from its western terminus at NM 80 to its eastern terminus at CR A003 at the Doña Ana county line. NM  ...
near
Animas, New Mexico Animas is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in west-central Hidalgo County, New Mexico, United States, in the southwestern corner of the state. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 237. It lies at the intersec ...
. State Road 9 runs next to or on top of the old railroad grade until it reaches El Paso, Texas. The Arizona & New Mexico spur of the railroad may be traced by following
U.S. Route 70 U.S. Route 70 or U.S. Highway 70 (US 70) is an east–west United States highway that runs for from eastern North Carolina to east-central Arizona. It is a major east–west highway of the Southeastern United States, Southeastern, Southern Unite ...
west from Lordsburg to its Junction with
U.S. Route 191 U.S. Route 191 (US 191) is a spur of U.S. Route 91 that has two branches. The southern branch runs for from Douglas, Arizona on the Mexican border to the southern part of Yellowstone National Park. The northern branch runs for from the north ...
, then north to Morenci, Arizona. The Mexican spur may be followed by beginning in Douglas, crossing the international border into Mexico, and following
Mexican Federal Highway 14 Federal Highway 14 ( es, Carretera Federal 14, Fed. 14) is a free part of the federal highways corridors ( es, los corredores carreteros federales) of Mexico. Fed. 14 in Sonora runs from Fed. 15 north of Hermosillo east to Huás ...
to Nacozari de García. The New Mexico & Northeastern parallels or is underneath
U.S. Route 54 U.S. Route 54 (US 54) is an east–west United States Highway that runs northeast–southwest for from El Paso, Texas, to Griggsville, Illinois. The Union Pacific Railroad's Tucumcari Line (former Southern Pacific Railroad, Southern Pacific and ...
from El Paso to Santa Rosa. The line then follows
Interstate 40 Interstate 40 (I-40) is a major east–west Interstate Highway running through the south-central portion of the United States. At a length of , it is the third-longest Interstate Highway in the country, after I-90 and I-80. From west to ea ...
into Tucumcari NM and a connection to Chicago through the Rock Island. The Dawson line can be followed on U.S. 54 to Logan NM, then on NM 39 to Abbott. 39 ends and the tracks continue northwesterly at
U.S. Route 412 U.S. Route 412 is an east–west United States highway, first commissioned in 1982. U.S. 412 overlaps expressway-grade Cimarron Turnpike from Tulsa west to Interstate 35 and the Cherokee Turnpike from east of Chouteau, Oklahoma, to west of the ...
. By turning left onto 412, the driver follows that route into Springer NM to join I-25 N. to Maxwell. Take New Mexico State Road 505 (which intersects Interstate 25 at
Maxwell, New Mexico Maxwell is a village in Colfax County, New Mexico, United States. The population was 254 at the 2010 census, down from 274 in 2000. Maxwell was established in 1879 as a railroad town on the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. It was named in ho ...
) to Colfax, New Mexico. The Dawson Road travels the remainder of the spur from Colfax to the ghost town of Dawson. As of 1905, the El Paso and Southwestern Railroad had a route that connected from Dawson through
Roy Roy is a masculine given name and a family surname with varied origin. In Anglo-Norman England, the name derived from the Norman ''roy'', meaning "king", while its Old French cognate, ''rey'' or ''roy'' (modern ''roi''), likewise gave rise to ...
,
Tucumcari Tucumcari (; ) is a city in and the county seat of Quay County, New Mexico, United States. The population was 5,278 at the 2020 census. Tucumcari was founded in 1901, two years before Quay County was established. History In 1901, the Chicago, ...
,
Santa Rosa Santa Rosa is the Italian, Portuguese and Spanish name for Saint Rose. Santa Rosa may also refer to: Places Argentina *Santa Rosa, Mendoza, a city * Santa Rosa, Tinogasta, Catamarca * Santa Rosa, Valle Viejo, Catamarca *Santa Rosa, La Pampa * Sa ...
, Vaughn, Carrizozo, Tularosa and
Alamogordo, New Mexico Alamogordo () is the seat of Otero County, New Mexico, United States. A city in the Tularosa Basin of the Chihuahuan Desert, it is bordered on the east by the Sacramento Mountains and to the west by Holloman Air Force Base. The population was ...
to
El Paso, Texas El Paso (; "the pass") is a city in and the county seat, seat of El Paso County, Texas, El Paso County in the western corner of the U.S. state of Texas. The 2020 population of the city from the United States Census Bureau, U.S. Census Bureau w ...
and
Douglas, Arizona Douglas is a city in Cochise County, Arizona, United States that lies in the north-west to south-east running Sulpher Springs Valley. Douglas has a border crossing with Mexico at Agua Prieta and a history of mining. The population was 16,531 in ...
, with spurs to Deming and
Lordsburg Lordsburg is a city in and the county seat of Hidalgo County, New Mexico, Hidalgo County, New Mexico, United States. Hidalgo County includes the southern "bootheel" of New Mexico, along the Arizona border. The population was 2,797 at the 2010 Uni ...
. that later all became part of the Southern Pacific.


Historic buildings


National

Several El Paso and Southwestern buildings are on the
National Register of Historic Places The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) is the United States federal government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures and objects deemed worthy of preservation for their historical significance or "great artistic v ...
. Among these are: *
El Paso and Southwestern Railroad Depot The El Paso and Southwestern Railroad Depot is a historic building in Tucson, Arizona. It was designed in the Classical Revival style, and built in 1912 by the Phelps-Dodge Corporation. With It was used as a railroad depot until 1924. In 1978, it ...
at 419 W. Congress Street in Tucson, Arizona (built 1912–1913) *
El Paso and Southwestern Railroad Passenger Depot EL, El or el may refer to: Religion * El (deity), a Semitic word for "God" People * EL (rapper) (born 1983), stage name of Elorm Adablah, a Ghanaian rapper and sound engineer * El DeBarge, music artist * El Franco Lee (1949–2016), American po ...
(also known as the Southern Pacific Railroad Passenger Depot) at 14th Street and H Avenue in Douglas, Arizona; *
El Paso and Southwestern Railroad YMCA The El Paso and Southwestern Railroad YMCA, also known as the Douglas YMCA, is a large brick building in Douglas, Arizona. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. It is a Mission Revival style building designed by arch ...
(also known as the Douglas YMCA) at 1000 Pan American Avenue in Douglas; and the Columbus, NM Museum at the intersection of NM State Routes 9 & 11.


Texas

In 2006, the El Paso and Southwestern Freight Depot in El Paso, Texas, built in 1903 and designed by
Daniel Burnham Daniel Hudson Burnham (September 4, 1846 – June 1, 1912) was an American architect and urban designer. A proponent of the '' Beaux-Arts'' movement, he may have been, "the most successful power broker the American architectural profession has ...
, was placed on Preservation Texas's Most Endangered Places list. File:Tucson-El Paso and South Western Railroad Depot-1912-1.JPG, Exterior File:Tucson-El Paso and South Western Railroad Depot-1912-2.JPG, Interior


Preserved and surviving locomotives

El Paso & Southwestern Railroad No. 1 locomotive is preserved at
El Paso, Texas El Paso (; "the pass") is a city in and the county seat, seat of El Paso County, Texas, El Paso County in the western corner of the U.S. state of Texas. The 2020 population of the city from the United States Census Bureau, U.S. Census Bureau w ...
. Southern Pacific 3420, a Baldwin
2-8-0 Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle, usually in a leading truck, eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles, and no trailing wheels. ...
light consolidation, oil burning, former EP&SW engine, is stored at the Phelps Dodge copper refinery in
El Paso, Texas El Paso (; "the pass") is a city in and the county seat, seat of El Paso County, Texas, El Paso County in the western corner of the U.S. state of Texas. The 2020 population of the city from the United States Census Bureau, U.S. Census Bureau w ...
.


See also

*
Mexico North Western Railway The Mexico North-Western Railway or Compañía del Ferrocarril Nor-Oeste de México was a railroad that operated in Mexico between Ciudad Juárez and Chihuahua, via Nuevo Casas Grandes in the western portion of the state of Chihuahua. Prior to 19 ...


Notes


References

* * * Byrkit, James. "The Bisbee Deportation." In ''American Labor in the Southwest.'' James C. Foster, ed. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1982. *
Cravens, Chris. "El Paso and Southwestern Railroad." In ''The New Handbook of Texas.'' Austin, Tex.: Texas State Historical Association, 1996.
* Dubofsky, Melvyn. '' We Shall Be All: A History of the Industrial Workers of the World.'' Abridged ed. Champaign, Ill.: University of Illinois Press, 2000. * Foner, Philip S. ''History of the Labor Movement in the United States. Vol. 7: Labor and World War I, 1914–1918.'' New York: International Publishers, 1987. Cloth ; Paperback * Herfindahl, Orris C. ''Copper Costs and Prices: 1870–1957.'' Washington, D.C.: RFF Press, 1959. * Jensen, Vernon H. ''Heritage of Conflict: Labor Relations in the Nonferrous Metals Industry up to 1930.'' Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1950. * Leighton, David. "Street Smarts: Railroad extension made Tucson a 'metropolis,'" Arizona Daily Star, March 9, 2015 * "Phelps Dodge Corporation." In ''International Directory of Company Histories.'' Vol. 75. Jay P. Pederson, ed. Florence, Ky.: St. James Press, 2006. * Truett, Samuel. ''Fugitive Landscapes: The Forgotten History of the U.S.–Mexico Borderlands.'' New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2006. * Whitten, David O.; Whitten, Bessie Emrick; and Sisaye, Seleshi. ''The Birth of Big Business in the United States, 1860–1914: Commercial, Extractive, and Industrial Enterprise.'' Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2005.


Further reading

* Robertson, Donald B. ''Encyclopedia of Western Railroad History: The Desert States: Arizona, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah.'' Caldwell, Idaho: The Caxton Printers, 1986. * Stindt, Fred A. ''American Shortline Railway Guide.'' 5th ed. Waukesha, Wisc.: Kalmbach Publishing, 1996.


External links


El Paso & Southwestern Timetable, June 1915
– at University of Alabama Library Special Collections (includes system map)
Guide to MS077 Southern Pacific Company (Rio Grande Division) Records. Special Collections Department. University of Texas at El Paso Library.

Map of the El Paso & Southwestern Railroad. "Ghosts of the Southline" Web site (Lloyd W. Sumner, Webmaster).


– A collection of primary source documents relating to more than 300 civil lawsuits filed against the railroad after the Bisbee Deportation. {{DEFAULTSORT:El Paso Southwestern Railroad Predecessors of the Southern Pacific Transportation Company Railway companies established in 1888 Railway companies disestablished in 1961 Defunct Arizona railroads Defunct New Mexico railroads Defunct railway companies of Mexico 1955 mergers and acquisitions 1888 establishments in Arizona Territory 1961 disestablishments in Texas Phelps Dodge