Argynnini is a

tribe The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English language, English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in p ...

butterflies Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the Order (biology), order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The ...

in the

subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoologi ...

Heliconiinae The Heliconiinae, commonly called heliconians or longwings, are a subfamily of the brush-footed butterflies (family Nymphalidae). They can be divided into 45–50 genera and were sometimes treated as a separate family Heliconiidae within the Pa ...

, containing some of the fritillaries. This group has roughly 100

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

worldwide and roughly 30 in North America.

Systematics

This group has also been classified as

subtribe Subtribe is a taxonomic category ranking which is below the rank of tribe and above genus. The standard suffix for a subtribe is -ina (in animals) or -inae (in plants Plants are predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plant ...

Argynnina of the

Heliconiini Heliconiini is a tribe of butterflies in the subfamily Heliconiinae, also known as the passion-vine butterflies. This group has roughly 100 species and subspecies distributed primarily in the Neotropics.Nymphalidae The Nymphalidae are the largest family of butterflies, with more than 6,000 species distributed throughout most of the world. Belonging to the superfamily Papilionoidea, they are usually medium-sized to large butterflies. Most species have a red ...

Genera

Following studies of molecular phylogeny, genus delimitation has been unstable in recent years. Several earlier

genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclat ...

are now

junior synonym The Botanical and Zoological Codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently. * In botanical nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that applies to a taxon that (now) goes by a different scientific name. For example, Linna ...

s of ''

Argynnis ''Argynnis'' is a genus of butterflies in the family Nymphalidae, one of several groups known as " fritillaries". Its species are commonly found in Europe and Asia. Systematics Several current species of ''Argynnis'' used to be included in dist ...

'' (''Argyreus'', ''Argyronome'', ''Damora'' and others, but ''

Speyeria ''Speyeria'', commonly known as greater fritillaries, is a genus of butterflies in the family Nymphalidae commonly found in North America, Europe, and Asia. Some authors used to consider this taxon a subgenus of ''Argynnis'', but it has been re ...

'' and ''

Fabriciana ''Fabriciana'' is a genus of butterflies in the family Nymphalidae, commonly found in Europe and Asia. The genus was erected by T. Reuss (T. Reuß) in 1920. Taxonomy This taxon used to be considered a subgenus of ''Argynnis ''Argynnis'' is a ...

'' have been split off again). Similarly, ''

Boloria ''Boloria'' is a brush-footed butterfly (Nymphalidae) genus. ''Clossiana'' is usually included with it nowadays, though some authors still consider it distinct and it seems to warrant recognition as a subgenus at least. Species Listed alphabetic ...

'' now includes ''Clossiana'' and ''Proclossiana'', and ''

Issoria ''Issoria'' is a genus of butterflies in the family Nymphalidae commonly found in the Palearctic realm, Africa, and South America. Taxonomy The South American genus ''Yramea ''Yramea'' is a genus of butterflies in the family Nymphalidae ...

'' includes ''Kuekenthaliella''.Argynnini
Tree of Life * ''

Euptoieta ''Euptoieta'' is a genus of butterflies in the subfamily Heliconiinae found in the Neotropical The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestri ...

'' Doubleday, 1848 * ''

Pardopsis ''Pardopsis'' is a monotypic butterfly genus in the family Nymphalidae. Its only species is ''Pardopsis punctatissima'', the polka dot. It is found in fynbos, lowland and Afromontane forest, and grassland from Van Stadens Pass in the Eastern ...

'' Trimen, 1887 (uncertain placement, possibly in

Acraeini The Acraeini are a tribe of butterflies of the subfamily Heliconiinae in the family Nymphalidae. Genera The recognized genera are: Tree of Life * ''Abananote'' Potts, 1943 * ''Acraea'' Fabricius, 1807 – acraeas * ''Actinote'' Hübner, 819 ...

) * ''

Yramea ''Yramea'' is a genus of butterflies in the family Nymphalidae The Nymphalidae are the largest family of butterflies, with more than 6,000 species distributed throughout most of the world. Belonging to the superfamily Papilionoidea, they are ...

'' Reuss, 1920 * ''

'' Moore, 1900 (now including ''Clossiana'' and ''Proclossiana'') * ''

'' Hübner, 1819 * ''

Brenthis ''Brenthis'' is a butterfly genus of the family Nymphalidae The Nymphalidae are the largest family of butterflies, with more than 6,000 species distributed throughout most of the world. Belonging to the superfamily Papilionoidea, they are usu ...

'' Hübner, 1819 * ''

'' Fabricius, 1807 * ''

'' Scudder, 1872 (previously included in ''Argynnis'') * ''

'' Reuss, 1920 (previously included in ''Argynnis'')

References

* Butterfly tribes {{Heliconiinae-stub