Archaeal translation is the process by which
messenger RNA
In molecular biology, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) is a single-stranded molecule of RNA that corresponds to the genetic sequence of a gene, and is read by a ribosome in the process of synthesizing a protein.
mRNA is created during the p ...
is
translated
Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text. The English language draws a terminological distinction (which does not exist in every language) between ''transla ...
into
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, respo ...
s in
archaea
Archaea ( ; singular archaeon ) is a domain of single-celled organisms. These microorganisms lack cell nuclei and are therefore prokaryotes. Archaea were initially classified as bacteria, receiving the name archaebacteria (in the Archaebac ...
. Not much is known on this subject, but on the protein level it seems to resemble
eukaryotic translation
Eukaryotic translation is the biological process by which messenger RNA is translated into proteins in eukaryotes. It consists of four phases: gene translation, elongation, termination, and recapping.
Initiation
Translation initiation is the pr ...
.
Most of the
initiation
Initiation is a rite of passage marking entrance or acceptance into a group or society. It could also be a formal admission to adulthood in a community or one of its formal components. In an extended sense, it can also signify a transformation ...
,
elongation, and
termination factor
In molecular biology, a termination factor is a protein that mediates the termination of RNA transcription by recognizing a transcription terminator and causing the release of the newly made mRNA. This is part of the process that regulates the tra ...
s in archaea have homologs in eukaryotes.
Shine-Dalgarno sequences only are found in a minority of genes for many phyla, with many leaderless mRNAs probably initiated by scanning.
The process of
ABCE1
ATP-binding cassette sub-family E member 1 (ABCE1) also known as RNase L inhibitor (RLI) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ABCE1 gene.
ABCE1 is an ATPase that is a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters superfamily a ...
ATPase-based recycling is also shared with eukaryotes.
Being a
prokaryote
A prokaryote () is a single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. The word ''prokaryote'' comes from the Greek πρό (, 'before') and κάρυον (, 'nut' or 'kernel').Campbell, N. "Biology:Concepts & Connec ...
without a nucleus, archaea do perform transcription and translation at the same time like bacteria do.
References
Molecular biology
Protein biosynthesis
Gene expression
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