Arak ( fa, اراک, ''Arâk''; ) is the capital of Markazi Province,

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

. At the 2011 census, its population was 526,182, in 160,761 families. The city is nicknamed the "Industrial Capital of Iran". As a major industrial city, Arak hosts several industrial factories inside and within a few kilometers outside the city, including the factory of Machine Sazi Arak and the Iranian Aluminium Company. These factories produce nearly half of the needs of the country in steel, petrochemical, and locomotive industries. As an industrial city in a developing country, Arak suffers from

air pollution Air pollution is the contamination of air due to the presence of substances in the atmosphere that are harmful to the health of humans and other living beings, or cause damage to the climate or to materials. There are many different types ...

Etymology

Arâk

The term ''Arâk'' remains from a name given to the region since the

medieval period In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire a ...

. It derives from

Arabic Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic languages, Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C ...

'' al-ʿIrāq'', meaning "root", itself derived possibly from

Akkadian Akkadian or Accadian may refer to: * Akkadians, inhabitants of the Akkadian Empire * Akkadian language, an extinct Eastern Semitic language * Akkadian literature, literature in this language * Akkadian cuneiform Cuneiform is a logo- syllabi ...

Uruk Uruk, also known as Warka or Warkah, was an ancient city of Sumer (and later of Babylonia) situated east of the present bed of the Euphrates River on the dried-up ancient channel of the Euphrates east of modern Samawah, Al-Muthannā, Iraq.Harm ...

'' ( he, אֶרֶךְ, ''Erech''). But new research has shown that the word Arak has the same roots with the words

and Arran, and the name Iraq is an Arabicized

Persian Persian may refer to: * People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language ** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples ** Persian language, an Iranian language of the ...

word. During the

Seljuk Seljuk or Saljuq (سلجوق) may refer to: * Seljuk Empire (1051–1153), a medieval empire in the Middle East and central Asia * Seljuk dynasty (c. 950–1307), the ruling dynasty of the Seljuk Empire and subsequent polities * Seljuk (warlord) (di ...

era, a region comprising the whole territory of

Media Media may refer to: Communication * Media (communication), tools used to deliver information or data ** Advertising media, various media, content, buying and placement for advertising ** Broadcast media, communications delivered over mass el ...

(northwestern Iran) and the lower part of

Mesopotamia Mesopotamia ''Mesopotamíā''; ar, بِلَاد ٱلرَّافِدَيْن or ; syc, ܐܪܡ ܢܗܪ̈ܝܢ, or , ) is a historical region of Western Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in the northern part of the F ...

was referred to as ''Iraq''; with the Median part called ''ʿErâq-e ʿAjam'' ("Iraq of the Ajam on-Arabic speakers), and the Mesopotamian part called ''ʿErâq-e ʿArab'' ("Iraq of the

Arab The Arabs (singular: Arab; singular ar, عَرَبِيٌّ, DIN 31635: , , plural ar, عَرَب, DIN 31635: , Arabic pronunciation: ), also known as the Arab people, are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in Western Asia, ...

").

Soltân Âbâd

The term ''Soltân Âbâd'' is a

compound word. '' Soltân'', deriving from Arabic '' sulṭān'' ("power", "authority"), is a

Near East The ''Near East''; he, המזרח הקרוב; arc, ܕܢܚܐ ܩܪܒ; fa, خاور نزدیک, Xāvar-e nazdik; tr, Yakın Doğu is a geographical term which roughly encompasses a transcontinental region in Western Asia, that was once the hist ...

ern

noble title Traditional rank amongst European royalty, peers, and nobility is rooted in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. Although they vary over time and among geographic regions (for example, one region's prince might be equal to another's grand duke), ...

given to a powerful governor.

Modern Persian New Persian ( fa, فارسی نو), also known as Modern Persian () and Dari (), is the current stage of the Persian language spoken since the 8th to 9th centuries until now in Greater Iran and surroundings. It is conventionally divided into thre ...

'' âbâd'', meaning "settlement" or "abode", derives from

Middle Persian Middle Persian or Pahlavi, also known by its endonym Pārsīk or Pārsīg () in its later form, is a Western Middle Iranian language which became the literary language of the Sasanian Empire. For some time after the Sasanian collapse, Middle Per ...

'' āpāt'' ("populous"). However, according to linguist Sasha Lubotsky, the Persian term ''ābād'' might derive from

Proto-Iranian Proto-Iranian or Proto-Iranic is the reconstructed proto-language of the Iranian languages branch of Indo-European language family and thus the ancestor of the Iranian languages such as Pashto, Persian, Sogdian, Zazaki, Ossetian, Mazandarani ...

''*āpāta'' ("protected"), rooting from

Proto-Indo-European Proto-Indo-European (PIE) is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Indo-European language family. Its proposed features have been derived by linguistic reconstruction from documented Indo-European languages. No direct record of Proto-Indo-E ...

'' *peh₂-'' ("to protect").

History

Originally named ''Soltan Abad'', the modern-day city of Arak was founded in 1808 by

Yusef Khan-e Gorji Yusef Khan-e Gorji (also spelled Yūsof; fa, یوسف خان گرجی; died 1824) was a Qajar dynasty, Qajar Iranian military leader and official of Georgians, Georgian origin. Born in Tbilisi, An influential figure, he founded the Iranian city ...

, a pro-Iranian warlord of

Georgian Georgian may refer to: Common meanings * Anything related to, or originating from Georgia (country) ** Georgians, an indigenous Caucasian ethnic group ** Georgian language, a Kartvelian language spoken by Georgians **Georgian scripts, three scrip ...

Muslim origin who was given refuge by

Qajar Qajar Iran (), also referred to as Qajar Persia, the Qajar Empire, '. Sublime State of Persia, officially the Sublime State of Iran ( fa, دولت علیّه ایران ') and also known then as the Guarded Domains of Iran ( fa, ممالک م ...

ruler

Agha Mohammad Khan Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar ( fa, آقا محمد خان قاجار, translit=Âqâ Mohammad Xân-e Qâjâr; 14 March 1742 – 17 June 1797), also known by his regnal name of Agha Mohammad Shah (, ), was the founder of the Qajar dynasty of Iran, rul ...

following a territorial dispute with his cousins, who were supported by

Russian Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including: *Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...

empress

Catherine the Great , en, Catherine Alexeievna Romanova, link=yes , house = , father = Christian August, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst , mother = Joanna Elisabeth of Holstein-Gottorp , birth_date = , birth_name = Princess Sophie of Anhal ...

. Between 1795 and 1797,

, renamed ''Yusef Khan-e Sepahdar'' by the Qajar ruler, settled his army in the fertile but poorly-controlled territory that would become the modern-day Arak. Hostile tribes in the region had operated autonomously from the Qajar rule. With the Shah's approval, Yusef Khan diverted the main river to drive out the hostiles and build the war fortress of Soltan Abad to act as a buffer. According to early modern historians, Yusef Khan built the city with the aid of effluents. Until 1892, the town remained a military base and fortress. The fortress of Soltan Abad had a thick wall surrounded by 7-meter-deep moats. Eight towers were constructed around the town and the governmental building was established in its northern part. In 1891, shops, gardens, and government buildings of Soltan Abad were repaired by the order of deputy governor Mirza Hasan (''Etemad os-Saltane''). Large parts of the city were formerly annexed as personal property to the pre-existing army commanders, and were then ultimately turned over to the state around 1918–1922. Beginning by the last quarter of the 19th century, the city achieved major developments in carpet industry, and eventually became Iran's most important center of carpet production for export markets, continuing up until at least 1940. National Garden Square - Arak - 1963

Under the reign of

Reza Shah Reza Shah Pahlavi ( fa, رضا شاه پهلوی; ; originally Reza Khan (); 15 March 1878 – 26 July 1944) was an Iranian Officer (armed forces), military officer, politician (who served as Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces Logistics (Iran), ...

of the

Pahlavi dynasty The Pahlavi dynasty ( fa, دودمان پهلوی) was the last Iranian royal dynasty, ruling for almost 54 years between 1925 and 1979. The dynasty was founded by Reza Shah Pahlavi, a non-aristocratic Mazanderani soldier in modern times, who ...

, the city was renamed ''Arak''. Modern factories for vegetable oil, soap, sugar beet, and wool industries were established within the city. Arak also became an important station for the

Trans-Iranian Railway The Trans-Iranian Railway ( fa, راه‌آهن سراسری ایران) was a major railway building project started in Pahlavi Iran in 1927 and completed in 1938, under the direction of the then-Iranian monarch Reza Shah. It was entirely built ...

, a major railway project directed by Reza Shah which was completed in 1938. In 1972, two major state-owned enterprises were established in the city, including an aluminum smelter and a heavy engineering plant. The aluminum smelter was built under the ''

Regional Cooperation for Development Regional Cooperation for Development (RCD) or Organization for Regional Cooperation and Development (ORCD) was a multi-governmental organization which was originally established on the 21st of July 1964 by Iran, Pakistan and Turkey, regional members ...

'' project of the

Central Treaty Organization The Middle East Treaty Organization (METO), also known as the Baghdad Pact and subsequently known as the Central Treaty Organization (CENTO), was a military alliance of the Cold War. It was formed in 24 February 1955 by Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, Turk ...

, in cooperation with the company of

Reynolds and Reynolds The Reynolds and Reynolds Company is a private corporation based in Dayton, Ohio. Its primary business is providing business forms, management software and professional services to car dealerships. Its software is used to manage sales logistics ...

. The engineering plant was processed with equipment and technical advice from the

Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...

s, in return of gas sales to the Soviet Union. The city officially became a

metropolis A metropolis () is a large city or conurbation which is a significant economic, political, and cultural center for a country or region, and an important hub for regional or international connections, commerce, and communications. A big c ...

on April 6, 2013, after the

merger Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are business transactions in which the ownership of companies, other business organizations, or their operating units are transferred to or consolidated with another company or business organization. As an aspect ...

with

Karahrud Karahrud ( fa, كرهرود, also Romanized as Karahrūd and Karehrūd; also known as Kararūt and Qara Rūd) was a city in the Central District of Arak County, Markazi Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 23,399, in 6,209 fami ...

and

Senjan Senjan ( fa, سنجان, also Romanized as Senjān; also known as Senījān, Zenjān, Fenjān, and Fījān) was a city in the Central District of Arak County, Markazi Province, Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, ...

. In 2017 a man shot dead seven members of his wife's family in a

mass shooting There is a lack of consensus on how to define a mass shooting. Most terms define a minimum of three or four victims of gun violence (not including the shooter or in an inner city) in a short period of time, although an Australian study from 20 ...

and attempted

murder–suicide A murder-suicide is an act in which an individual murder, kills one or more persons either before or while suicide, killing themselves. The combination of murder and suicide can take various forms: * Murder linked with suicide of a person with a ...

Geography

Arak is surrounded by mountains in the south, west, and east, and its average altitude is about 1750m above sea level. It is located 260 km from the city of

Tehran Tehran (; fa, تهران ) is the largest city in Tehran Province and the capital of Iran. With a population of around 9 million in the city and around 16 million in the larger metropolitan area of Greater Tehran, Tehran is the most popul ...

, and is in the vicinity of the cities of Qom and

Isfahan Isfahan ( fa, اصفهان, Esfahân ), from its Achaemenid empire, ancient designation ''Aspadana'' and, later, ''Spahan'' in Sassanian Empire, middle Persian, rendered in English as ''Ispahan'', is a major city in the Greater Isfahan Regio ...

. Gerdo.jpg, The Gerdoo Valley in winter. Sefidkhāni mountain.jpg, Sefidkhani Mountain, located to the west of Arak. Sunset over frozen Meyghan Salt Lake.JPG, Meyqan Lagoon, 15 km northeast of Arak. Sonnenuntergang in Meighan Teich - (Arak) - panoramio.jpg, Sunset in Meyqan Lagoon.

Climate

Arak has a hot-summer mediterranean continental climate (

Köppen Köppen is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Bernd Köppen (born 1951), German pianist and composer * Carl Köppen (1833-1907), German military advisor in Meiji era Japan * Edlef Köppen (1893–1939), German author and ...

: ''Dsa'', Trewartha: ''Dc''), that is, in general, relatively cold and dry. The weather of the city is hot and dry in summer, windy and cool in autumn, cold and snowy in winter, and mild in spring. Its maximum temperature may raise up to 35 degrees Celsius in summer and fall to below -25 degrees Celsius in winter. The average rainfall is around 350mm and the annual

relative humidity Humidity is the concentration of water vapor present in the air. Water vapor, the gaseous state of water, is generally invisible to the human eye. Humidity indicates the likelihood for precipitation, dew, or fog to be present. Humidity depe ...

is 46%. شب برفی رویایی در اراک 22-12-89 - panoramio.jpg, A snowy night in Arak. A_rainy_day_in_Arak_-_Autumn_2012.jpg, A rainy day in Arak. Gardens in Senejan (2).jpg, The

district in summer. Gardens in Senejan.jpg, Gardens in

. Shahr Park in Arak.jpg, The City Park of Arak in autumn.

Transport

Airport

Arak is served by the International Airport of Arak, which is located north of the city. The airport was opened in 1938, and is one of the oldest airports of Iran.

Rail

The railway system of Arak was connected to the

Iranian Railways , majoroperators =RAI, Tooka rail, Samand rail , ridership =21 million , passkm =13 billion , freight =31 million tonnes , tonkm =22 billion tonnes , infrastructure = , length = , doublelength = 142 ...

in 1935. Destinations stretch directly from Bandar-e-Shapur in the southwestern Iran to Bandar-e-Torkman under the

Caspian Sea The Caspian Sea is the world's largest inland body of water, often described as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea. An endorheic basin, it lies between Europe and Asia; east of the Caucasus, west of the broad steppe of Central Asia ...

High-speed rail

Arak–Qom High Speed Rail is the second

high-speed rail High-speed rail (HSR) is a type of rail system that runs significantly faster than traditional rail, using an integrated system of specialised rolling stock and dedicated tracks. While there is no single standard that applies worldwide, lines ...

project in Iran which will have a junction with Tehran–Qom–Isfahan High Speed Rail at one of the stations in Qom province. The Islamic Republic of Iran Railways signed a €1.2 billion deal with its Italian counterpart for establishing a high-speed railroad between the Iranian cities of Qom and Arak. Iran decided to delegate the project to the Chinese following the withdrawal of an Italian firm due to US sanctions on Iran. This new High Speed Line, part of the Iran National Railway Network, will be a double track passenger railway line and will have an operational speed of 300 km/h.

Public transportation

Buses provide the bulk of the local public transport in Arak.

Industry

Arak is one of

industrial cities An industrial city or industrial town is a town or city in which the municipal economy, at least historically, is centered around industry, with important factories or other production facilities in the town. It has been part of most countries' i ...

, that in terms of

diversity Diversity, diversify, or diverse may refer to: Business *Diversity (business), the inclusion of people of different identities (ethnicity, gender, age) in the workforce *Diversity marketing, marketing communication targeting diverse customers * ...

is the 1st, in terms of

heavy industries Heavy industry is an industry that involves one or more characteristics such as large and heavy products; large and heavy equipment and facilities (such as heavy equipment, large machine tools, huge buildings and large-scale infrastructure); or ...

is the 2nd and totally is one of four industrial hubs of

. This city because of the

, manufacturing 80% of Iran

energy In physics, energy (from Ancient Greek: ἐνέργεια, ''enérgeia'', “activity”) is the quantitative property that is transferred to a body or to a physical system, recognizable in the performance of work and in the form of heat a ...

equipment, the largest Iranian Machinery company (MSA), the largest heavy equipment manufacturer in the Middle East, the largest locomotive and wagon manufacturer in the Middle East, the largest Aluminum company in Iran, the largest crane manufacturer in the Middle East, Iran's largest mineral company and the largest combine manufacturer in the Middle East; nicknamed the Industrial Capital of

. Arak has

chemical A chemical substance is a form of matter having constant chemical composition and characteristic properties. Some references add that chemical substance cannot be separated into its constituent elements by physical separation methods, i.e., wi ...

construction Construction is a general term meaning the art and science to form objects, systems, or organizations,"Construction" def. 1.a. 1.b. and 1.c. ''Oxford English Dictionary'' Second Edition on CD-ROM (v. 4.0) Oxford University Press 2009 and com ...

food Food is any substance consumed by an organism for nutritional support. Food is usually of plant, animal, or fungal origin, and contains essential nutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, or minerals. The substance is inge ...

machinery A machine is a physical system using power to apply forces and control movement to perform an action. The term is commonly applied to artificial devices, such as those employing engines or motors, but also to natural biological macromolecule ...

metal A metal (from Greek μέταλλον ''métallon'', "mine, quarry, metal") is a material that, when freshly prepared, polished, or fractured, shows a lustrous appearance, and conducts electricity and heat relatively well. Metals are typicall ...

mining Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the Earth, usually from an ore body, lode, vein, seam, reef, or placer deposit. The exploitation of these deposits for raw material is based on the economic via ...

textile Textile is an umbrella term that includes various fiber-based materials, including fibers, yarns, filaments, threads, different fabric types, etc. At first, the word "textiles" only referred to woven fabrics. However, weaving is not the ...

petroleum Petroleum, also known as crude oil, or simply oil, is a naturally occurring yellowish-black liquid mixture of mainly hydrocarbons, and is found in geological formations. The name ''petroleum'' covers both naturally occurring unprocessed crud ...

and

petrochemical Petrochemicals (sometimes abbreviated as petchems) are the chemical products obtained from petroleum by refining. Some chemical compounds made from petroleum are also obtained from other fossil fuels, such as coal or natural gas, or renewable sou ...

Industries that some of those are between basic industries of

. The following are a number of important industrial factories based in Arak. * Machine Sazi Arak * AzarAb Industries *

Wagon Pars Wagon Pars (in Persian: شرکت واگن‌ پارس, ''Sherkat-e Vâgon Pars'') is an Iranian train and locomotive manufacturer established in 1974, in Arak. Products include locomotives, trains, metros, freight and fuel railroad cars, and equ ...

(

Locomotive A locomotive or engine is a rail transport vehicle that provides the Power (physics), motive power for a train. If a locomotive is capable of carrying a payload, it is usually rather referred to as a multiple unit, Motor coach (rail), motor ...

and

Train In rail transport, a train (from Old French , from Latin , "to pull, to draw") is a series of connected vehicles that run along a railway track and Passenger train, transport people or Rail freight transport, freight. Trains are typically pul ...

manufacturer) * Iranian Aluminium Company (IRALCO) * HEPCO (Heavy Equipment Production Company) * Avangan * Navard Aluminium *

Iran Combine Manufacturing Company Iran Combine Manufacturing Company (ICM) ( fa, کمباین‌سازی ایران) is the largest combine harvester, combine manufacturer in the Middle East that is located in Arak, Iran, Arak. ICM was established in 1969 under license of America ...

Lajvar Industrial Group LAJVAR Industrial Group is an Iranian crane manufacturing company that was established in 1985 in Arak. Products include truck-mounted cranes, telescopic cranes, hydraulic cylinders, pneumatic cylinders and line trucks. This company exports its ...

(Crane manufacturer) * Arak Petrochemical Company * Arak Oil Refinery * Heavy Water Production Plant of Arak File:HEPCO HWL 110-2 wheel loaders (1).jpg, HEPCO wheel loaders File:Wagon Pars co- Arak .Iran.jpg, Locomotive production at

. File:Arak Heavy Water5.JPG, The Heavy Water Production Plant of Arak. File:A giant distillation tower in Arak.jpg, Giant

Fractionating column A fractionating column or fractional column is an essential item used in the distillation of liquid mixtures to separate the mixture into its component parts, or fractions, based on the differences in volatilities. Fractionating columns are used in ...

manufactured by Machine Sazi Arak (MSA)

Agriculture and handicrafts

The main agricultural products of the city are grain, barley, and fruits including grape, apple, walnut, and almond. Arak also exports hand-knotted carpets which are referred to as

Sarouk rug A Sarouk rug is a type of Persian rug from Markazi Province in Iran. Sarouk (also Saruk or Sarough) rugs are those woven in the village of Saruk and also the city of Arak and the surrounding countryside. Rug market Sarouk rugs have been produc ...

s. Saruq is a small village outside Arak, and its name is used in order to prevent confusion with rug from the modern-day country of

Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...

Main sites

Parks and gardens

* Nezam Lashgar Garden (Garden of Esmaeili) * City Park * Amir Kabir Park * Jangali Park * Kelale Mountain Park * Arak Zoo * Madar Park

Museums

* Soltan Abad Museum * Four Seasons Bathroom * Museum of Artifacts (Hassan Pour Museum) * Museum of Famous Figures (The Hall of Fame of Arak) * Grand Museum of Arak

Sports complexes

* Amir Kabir Entertainment and Sports Complex * Tufan Entertainment and Sports Complex * Shahin Horse Riding Complex

Universities

Arak University Arak University is the oldest state university of Markazi province located in Arak city. The university has been founded in 1971 as The ''College of Marjan'' (مدرسه ی عالی مرجان, ''Midresh-e i 'alâm Mirjan'') with partnership of ...

Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak University of Medical Sciences is an Iranian medical school located in Arak, Iran. This university is the main health care provider in Markazi province and one of the biggest universities central of Iran. The university was established by ...

Arak University of Technology Arak University of Technology ( fa, دانشگاه صنعتی اراک, ''Danshgah-e Sân'ti-ye Arak''), formerly known as Iran University of Science and Technology, Arak Branch, is one of the engineering universities in Iran, located in the cit ...

* Azad University of Arak * Payam-e-Noor University of Arak * Kharazmi University of Arak

Other

* The old bazaar of Arak * Doab Bridge (built over the Shara River) * Mostowfi Mansion * Gerdoo Valley (known for its walnut trees and ranges)

Notable people

Statesmen and politicians: *

Sharaf Khan Bidlisi Sharaf al-Din Khan b. Shams al-Din b. Sharaf Beg Bedlisi ( Kurdish: شەرەفخانی بەدلیسی, ''Şerefxanê Bedlîsî''; fa, شرف‌الدین خان بن شمس‌الدین بن شرف بیگ بدلیسی; 25 February 1543 – ) wa ...

(1543-ca. 1600),

Kurdish Kurdish may refer to: *Kurds or Kurdish people *Kurdish languages *Kurdish alphabets *Kurdistan, the land of the Kurdish people which includes: **Southern Kurdistan **Eastern Kurdistan **Northern Kurdistan **Western Kurdistan See also * Kurd (dis ...

historian and prince of

Bitlis Bitlis ( hy, Բաղեշ '; ku, Bidlîs; ota, بتليس) is a city in southeastern Turkey and the capital of Bitlis Province. The city is located at an elevation of 1,545 metres, 15 km from Lake Van, in the steep-sided valley of the Bitlis R ...

, was born in Karahrūd, Arak. *

Ghaem Magham Farahani Mirza Abol-Qasem Qa'em-Maqam Farahani (also spelled Qa'im Maqam; fa, میرزا ابوالقاسم قائم‌مقام فراهانی; 1779 – 1835), also known as Qa'em-Maqam II, was an Iranian official and prose writer, who played a central ...

(1779–1835), a former Prime Minister of Iran, was born in Farahan District, Arak. *

Amir Kabir Mirza Taghi Khan-e Farahani ( fa, میرزا تقی‌خان فراهانی), better known as Amir Kabir (Persian: ‎, 9 January 1807 – 10 January 1852), also known by the title of ''Amir-e Nezam'' or ''Amir Nezam'' (), was chief minister t ...

(1807–1852), a former Prime Minister of Iran, was born in Hezaveh District, Arak. *

Mohammad Mosaddegh Mohammad Mosaddegh ( fa, محمد مصدق, ; 16 June 1882 – 5 March 1967) was an Iranian politician, author, and lawyer who served as the 35th Prime Minister of Iran from 1951 to 1953, after appointment by the 16th Majlis. He was a member of ...

(1882–1967), a former Prime Minister of Iran, was born in

. His father was from Ashtiyan, northeastern Arak. *

Morteza-Qoli Bayat Morteza Gholi Bayat ( fa, مرتضی‌قلی بیات; Mortezā Qoli Bayāt, aka ''Sahām al-Soltān'', 1890–10 May 1958) was a Prime Minister of Iran. Career Born in Arak, Iran into a family of Irans' ancient tribal nobility, Chieftains ...

(1890–1958), a former Prime Minister of Iran (1944–1945). *

Ata'ollah Mohajerani Sayyid Ata'ollah Mohajerani ( fa, سید عطاءالله مهاجرانی, also Romanized as Atā'ollāh Mohājerāni; born 24 July 1954) is an Iranian journalist, author, and reformist politician. Mohajerani served as Minister of Culture and Is ...

(1954–), one of the ministers of the cabinet of

Mohammad Khatami Sayyid Mohammad Khatami ( fa, سید محمد خاتمی, ; born 14 October 1943) is an Iranian politician who served as the fifth president of Iran from 3 August 1997 to 3 August 2005. He also served as Iran's Minister of Culture from 1982 to ...

. Literary, painting, and photography figures: *

Parvin E'tesami Parvin E'tesami (1907 – April 5, 1941) also known as Rakhshandeh Etesami ( fa, رخشنده اعتصامی), and Parvin Etesami ( fa, پروین اعتصامی), was an Iranian 20th-century Persian poet. Life Parvin E'tesami was born in 1907 ...

(1907–1941), the Iranian poet, was born in

Tabriz Tabriz ( fa, تبریز ; ) is a city in northwestern Iran, serving as the capital of East Azerbaijan Province. It is the List of largest cities of Iran, sixth-most-populous city in Iran. In the Quri Chay, Quru River valley in Iran's historic Aze ...

. Her father was from Ashtiyan, northeastern Arak. * Behjat Sadr (1924–2009), an eminent Iranian painter. *

Jahangir Razmi Jahangir Razmi ( fa, جهانگیر رزمی) (b. December 16, 1947 in Arak, Iran) is an Iranian photographer and the author of the entry that won the 1980 Pulitzer Prize for Spot News Photography. His photograph, ''Firing Squad in Iran'', was ta ...

(1947–), the 1980

Pulitzer Prize The Pulitzer Prize () is an award for achievements in newspaper, magazine, online journalism, literature, and musical composition within the United States. It was established in 1917 by provisions in the will of Joseph Pulitzer, who had made h ...

winner (photographer). *

Kader Abdolah Hossein Sadjadi Ghaemmaghami Farahani ( fa, حسین سجادی قائم‌مقامی فراهانی, better known by his pen name Kader Abdolah ( fa, قادر عبدالله, links=no) (Arak, 12 November 1954), is an Iranian-Dutch writer, poe ...

(1954–), an Iranian-Dutch poet laureate. Sportsmen: *

Mansour Bahrami Mansour Bahrami ( fa, منصور بهرامی; born 26 April 1956) is a former professional tennis player. He is Iranian with dual French nationality since 1989. While only moderately successful on the ATP Tour, his showmanship has made him a lo ...

(1956–), an Iranian

tennis Tennis is a racket sport that is played either individually against a single opponent ( singles) or between two teams of two players each ( doubles). Each player uses a tennis racket that is strung with cord to strike a hollow rubber ball ...

player. *

Mehdi Mahdavikia Mehdi Mahdavikia ( fa, ; born 24 July 1977) is an Iranian professional football coach and former player usually played as a right winger or right back. He is currently under contract by Hamburger SV as a youth coach, and also manages his own ...

(1977–), a famous Iranian

football Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball to score a goal. Unqualified, the word ''football'' normally means the form of football that is the most popular where the word is used. Sports commonly c ...

player. Scientists: *

Mohammad Gharib Mohammad Gharib ( fa, محمد قریب‎; 5 July 1909 – 20 January 1975) was an Iranian physician, clinician, distinguished university professor and a pioneer of pediatrics in Iran. Gharib is known as the father of pediatrics in Iran. ...

(1909–1975), an

ian

physician A physician (American English), medical practitioner (Commonwealth English), medical doctor, or simply doctor, is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through th ...

clinician A clinician is a health care professional typically employed at a skilled nursing facility or clinic. Clinicians work directly with patients rather than in a laboratory or as a researcher. A clinician may diagnose, treat, and otherwise care for pa ...

. * Wahid Shams Kolahi (1965–), an electrical engineer. Singers: * Ebrahim Hamedi (Ebi) (1949–), an Iranian singer; his father was from Arak. Cinema and television artists: *

Yervand Manaryan Yervand Manaryan ( hy, Երվանդ Մանարյան; September 20, 1924 – February 19, 2020) was an Iranian-born Armenian actor. Manaryan was born in Arak, Iran in 1924 in a family from Agulis, Nakhichevan. In 1946 his family repatriated to ...

(1924–2020), an Iranian-Armenian actor. *

Reza Badiyi Reza Sayed Badiyi (also known as Reza Badiei; Persian: رضا بدیعی; April 17, 1930 – August 20, 2011) was an Iranian-born American film and television director. His credits also include developing the opening montages for '' Mission ...

(1930–2011), director of episodes of many popular American television series, including

Hawaii Five-O Hawaii Five-O or Hawaii Five-0 may refer to: * ''Hawaii Five-0'' (2010 TV series), an American action police procedural television series * ''Hawaii Five-O'' (1968 TV series), an American police procedural drama series produced by CBS Productio ...

, Mission: Impossible,

The Incredible Hulk The Hulk is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Stan Lee and artist Jack Kirby, the character first appeared in the debut issue of '' The Incredible Hulk'' (May 1962). In his comic book a ...

The Six Million Dollar Man ''The Six Million Dollar Man'' is an American science fiction and action television series, running from 1973 to 1978, about a former astronaut, USAF Colonel Steve Austin, portrayed by Lee Majors. After a NASA test flight accident, Austin is reb ...

Falcon Crest ''Falcon Crest'' is an American prime time television soap opera that aired for nine seasons on CBS from December 4, 1981, to May 17, 1990. The series revolves around the feuding factions of the wealthy Gioberti/Channing family in the California ...

Buffy the Vampire Slayer ''Buffy the Vampire Slayer'' is an American supernatural fiction, supernatural drama television series created by writer and director Joss Whedon. It is based on the Buffy the Vampire Slayer (film), 1992 film of the same name, also written by W ...

(the episode ''Out of Mind, Out of Sight''),

Nikita Nikita may refer to: * Nikita (given name) * Nikita, Crimea, a town in Crimea * Nikita the Tanner, a character in East Slavic folklore Film and television *''Little Nikita'', a 1988 film * ''La Femme Nikita'' (film), also known as ''Nikita'', a 19 ...

, etc. * Pouri Banayi, (1940–), a famous Iranian actress before the 1979 Revolution (1965–1979). * Golchehreh Sajadiye (1954–), an Iranian actress. * Manijeh Hekmat (1962–), an Iranian film director. *

Mostafa Azizi Mostafa Azizi ( Persian: مصطفی عزیزی) (born September 20, 1962) is an Iranian Television producer and screenwriter. Biography Azizi was born in Arak. A graduate of theoretical economics from Tehran University, he started his professio ...

(1962–), an Iranian TV producer. *

Mehran Modiri Mehran Modiri ( fa, مهران مدیری; born 7 April 1967) is an Iranian director, producer, actor, and singer. He is considered to be the leading artist in social satire in Iran. His various series, which have been broadcast through IRIB hav ...

(1967–), an Iranian actor, director and comedian; his father and his mother were from Arak. *

Bahareh Rahnama Bahareh Rahnama ( fa, بهاره رهنما; born December 1, 1973) is an Iranian actress and author. She won a Hafez Award for her acting in ''Tambourine'' (2008). Early life She was born on December 1, 1973, in Arak, Iran. Her father, Jalal ...

(1973–), an Iranian actress. *

Sahar Zakaria Sahar Zakaria ( fa, سحر زکریا; born 19 December 1973) is an Iranian TV and film actress. Zakaria was born in Arak, Iran. She got her fame acting in Mehran Modiri's shows and soap operas such as ''Pavarchin'', '' Marde Dohezar Chehreh' ...

(1973–), an Iranian actress. *

Pegah Ahangarani Pegah Ahangarani ( fa, پگاه آهنگرانی; born 24 July 1984) is an Iranian actress and director. She has received various accolades, including a Crystal Simorgh, a Hafez Award and an Iran's Film Critics and Writers Association Award. ...

(1984–), an Iranian actress.

References

External links

{{authority control Populated places in Arak County Cities in Markazi Province Iranian provincial capitals