''Araeosoma'' is a genus of deep-sea
sea urchin
Sea urchins () are spiny, globular echinoderms in the class Echinoidea. About 950 species of sea urchin live on the seabed of every ocean and inhabit every depth zone from the intertidal seashore down to . The spherical, hard shells (tests) of ...
s in the family
Echinothuriidae
The Echinothuriidae are a family of sea urchins in the order Echinothurioida.
Due to their soft skeletons, most are called "leather urchins", but species in the genus '' Asthenosoma'' are also known as "fire urchins" due to their bright colors ...
.
Description and characteristics
Species in this genus are distinguished from other
Echinothuriidae
The Echinothuriidae are a family of sea urchins in the order Echinothurioida.
Due to their soft skeletons, most are called "leather urchins", but species in the genus '' Asthenosoma'' are also known as "fire urchins" due to their bright colors ...
by their lack of ophicephalous pedicellariae (despite presence of dactylous ones), and the presence of prominent membranous gaps along horizontal sutures in interambulacral zones of both oral and aboral surfaces.
Taxonomy
The
World Echinoidea Database
The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a taxonomic database that aims to provide an authoritative and comprehensive list of names of marine organisms.
Content
The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scientific specialis ...
recognises these species:
[Kroh, A. (2015), ]
Araeosoma
' Mortensen, 1903. In: Kroh, A. & Mooi, R. (2015) World Echinoidea Database (World Register of Marine Species
The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a taxonomic database that aims to provide an authoritative and comprehensive list of names of marine organisms.
Content
The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scientific specialist ...
).
* ''
Araeosoma alternatum''
Mortensen, 1934
* ''
Araeosoma anatirostrum''
Anderson, 2013
* ''
Araeosoma bakeri''
Anderson, 2013
* ''
Araeosoma belli''
Mortensen, 1903
* ''
Araeosoma bidentatum
''Araeosoma'' is a genus of deep-sea sea urchins in the family Echinothuriidae.
Description and characteristics
Species in this genus are distinguished from other Echinothuriidae by their lack of ophicephalous pedicellariae (despite presence o ...
''
Anderson, 2013
* ''
Araeosoma brunnichi
''Araeosoma'' is a genus of deep-sea sea urchins in the family Echinothuriidae.
Description and characteristics
Species in this genus are distinguished from other Echinothuriidae by their lack of ophicephalous pedicellariae (despite presence o ...
''
Ravn, 1928 †
* ''
Araeosoma coriaceum''
(Agassiz
Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz ( ; ) FRS (For) FRSE (May 28, 1807 – December 14, 1873) was a Swiss-born American biologist and geologist who is recognized as a scholar of Earth's natural history.
Spending his early life in Switzerland, he rec ...
, 1879)
* ''
Araeosoma eurypatum''
Agassiz
Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz ( ; ) FRS (For) FRSE (May 28, 1807 – December 14, 1873) was a Swiss-born American biologist and geologist who is recognized as a scholar of Earth's natural history.
Spending his early life in Switzerland, he rec ...
& Clark
Clark is an English language surname, ultimately derived from the Latin with historical links to England, Scotland, and Ireland ''clericus'' meaning "scribe", "secretary" or a scholar within a religious order, referring to someone who was educate ...
, 1909
* ''
Araeosoma fenestratum''
(Thomson, 1872)
* ''
Araeosoma leppienae''
Anderson, 2013
* ''
Araeosoma leptaleum''
Agassiz
Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz ( ; ) FRS (For) FRSE (May 28, 1807 – December 14, 1873) was a Swiss-born American biologist and geologist who is recognized as a scholar of Earth's natural history.
Spending his early life in Switzerland, he rec ...
& Clark
Clark is an English language surname, ultimately derived from the Latin with historical links to England, Scotland, and Ireland ''clericus'' meaning "scribe", "secretary" or a scholar within a religious order, referring to someone who was educate ...
, 1909
* ''
Araeosoma migratum''
Anderson, 2013
* ''
Araeosoma mortenseni''
Ravn, 1928 †
* ''
Araeosoma owstoni''
Mortensen, 1904
* ''
Araeosoma parviungulatum''
Mortensen, 1934
* ''
Araeosoma paucispinum''
H.L. Clark, 1925
* ''
Araeosoma splendens''
Mortensen, 1934
* ''
Araeosoma tertii
''Araeosoma'' is a genus of deep-sea sea urchins in the family Echinothuriidae.
Description and characteristics
Species in this genus are distinguished from other Echinothuriidae by their lack of ophicephalous pedicellariae (despite presence o ...
''
Anderson, 2013
* ''
Araeosoma tessellatum''
(Agassiz
Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz ( ; ) FRS (For) FRSE (May 28, 1807 – December 14, 1873) was a Swiss-born American biologist and geologist who is recognized as a scholar of Earth's natural history.
Spending his early life in Switzerland, he rec ...
, 1879)
* ''
Araeosoma thetidis
''Araeosoma thetidis'' is a species of sea urchin of the family Echinothuriidae. This species can be found in deep sea off Australia and New Zealand. ''A. thetidis'' was first scientifically described in 1909 by Hubert Lyman Clark.Kroh, A. (2010 ...
''
(Clark
Clark is an English language surname, ultimately derived from the Latin with historical links to England, Scotland, and Ireland ''clericus'' meaning "scribe", "secretary" or a scholar within a religious order, referring to someone who was educate ...
, 1909)
* ''
Araeosoma violaceum
''Araeosoma violaceum'' is a species of sea urchin of the family Echinothuriidae. Its armour is covered with spines. It is placed in the genus '' Araeosoma'' and lives in the sea. ''A. violaceum'' was first scientifically described in 1903 by Ol ...
''
Mortensen, 1903
"†" means an extinct
Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a group of kinds (taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and ...
taxon
In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular nam ...
.
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q3461559
Extant Pliocene first appearances
Taxa named by Ole Theodor Jensen Mortensen