The Arab National Liberation Front ( ar, جبهة التحرير الوطني العربية, abbreviated ANLF) was an exile-based

Saudi Saudi may refer to: * Saudi Arabia * Saudis, people from Saudi Arabia * Saudi culture, the culture of Saudi Arabia * House of Saud The House of Saud ( ar, آل سُعُود, ʾĀl Suʿūd ) is the ruling royal family of Saudi Arabia. It is c ...

opposition movement. ANLF was founded in

Cairo Cairo ( ; ar, القاهرة, al-Qāhirah, ) is the capital of Egypt and its largest city, home to 10 million people. It is also part of the largest urban agglomeration in Africa, the Arab world and the Middle East: The Greater Cairo metro ...

in December 1962, through the merger of the National Liberation Front(جبهة التحرير الوطني) and the

Free Princes Movement The Free Princes Movement ( ar, حركة الأمراء الأحرار; al-umara’ al-ahrar) was a Saudi liberal political movement that existed from 1958 to 1964. Its members were known as the Young Najd (Najd al-Fattah in Arabic), Free Princes ...

Talal bin Abdulaziz Talal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud ( ar, طلال بن عبد العزيز آل سعود ''Ṭalāl bin ʿAbdulʿazīz Āl Saʿūd''; 15 August 1931 – 22 December 2018), formerly also called The Red Prince, was a Saudi Arabian politician, dissident, b ...

became the general secretary of ANLF. The formation of a 15-member political bureau was announced when the organization was founded. The ANLF had a politically mixed membership, gathering Talal's Egypt-based

, Nasserists,

Ba'athists Ba'athism, also stylized as Baathism, (; ar, البعثية ' , from ' , meaning "renaissance" or "resurrection" Hans Wehr''Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic'' (4th ed.), page 80) is an Arab nationalist ideology which promotes the creation ...

, the Beirut-based Organization of Saudi Communists and Shia religious leaders. The ANLF was formed as a competitor to the Union of the Peoples of the Arabian Peninsula (UPAP), a group that was founded by Saudi dissident Nasser Al Saeed to confront the Saudi regime militarily via Yemen. However, in 1962 the UPAP joined the ANLF, although it lasted for a short time. The programme of ANLF called for a referendum on the question of the role of the monarchy, constitutional democratic reforms, gender equality, land reform, non-alignment in international affairs and revision of oil agreements. The ANLF had a regular column in the Beirut publication ''al-Kifah'', called 'Voice of the Front'. Declarations in the name of ANLF were broadcast on Egyptian, Syrian and Yemeni radio stations, calling for the overthrow of the Saudi regime. In August 1963 Talal's group broke away from ANLF and begun to seek reconciliation with the

royal house A dynasty is a sequence of rulers from the same family,''Oxford English Dictionary'', "dynasty, ''n''." Oxford University Press (Oxford), 1897. usually in the context of a monarchy, monarchical system, but sometimes also appearing in repu ...

, after which the NLF reconstituted itself. The NLF continued to function until August 1974, eventually being replaced by the Communist Party in Saudi Arabia in 1975.

References

{{Saudi Arabian political parties 1962 establishments in Egypt Arab nationalism in Egypt Arab nationalism in Saudi Arabia Defunct political party alliances in Asia Political opposition organizations Political parties established in 1962 Political parties in Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabian opposition groups