The following is a list of

operating system An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides common services for computer programs. Time-sharing operating systems schedule tasks for efficient use of the system and may also in ...

s released by

Apple Inc. Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California, United States. Apple is the largest technology company by revenue (totaling in 2021) and, as of June 2022, is the world's biggest company b ...

Apple computers

Apple II

Apple DOS Apple DOS is the family of disk operating systems for the Apple II series of microcomputers from late 1978 through early 1983. It was superseded by ProDOS in 1983. Apple DOS has three major releases: DOS 3.1, DOS 3.2, and DOS 3.3; each one of t ...

is the first operating system for Apple computers. *

Apple ProDOS ProDOS is the name of two similar operating systems for the Apple II series of personal computers. The original ProDOS, renamed ProDOS 8 in version 1.2, is the last official operating system usable by all 8-bit Apple II series computers, and w ...

Apple GS/OS GS/OS is an operating system developed by Apple Computer for its Apple IIGS personal computer. It provides facilities for accessing the file system, controlling input/output devices, loading and running program files, and a system allowing progr ...

Apple III

Apple SOS The Sophisticated Operating System, or SOS (), is the primary operating system of the Apple III computer. SOS was developed by Apple Computer and released in October 1980. In 1985, Steve Wozniak, while critical of the Apple III's hardware flaw ...

Apple Lisa

Lisa OS Lisa is a desktop computer developed by Apple Inc., Apple, released on January 19, 1983. It is one of the first personal computers to present a graphical user interface (GUI) in a machine aimed at individual business users. Its development beg ...

MacWorks XL MacWorks XL was an Apple Lisa computer program which shipped with the Macintosh XL. It allowed 64K Apple Macintosh ROM emulation so the Macintosh XL could run classic Mac OS programs. History Soon after the debut of the Macintosh, which sold o ...

Macintosh computers

Classic Mac OS

System 1 The Macintosh "System 1" is the first version of Apple Macintosh operating system and the beginning of the classic Mac OS series. It was developed for the Motorola 68000 microprocessor. System 1 was released on January 24, 1984, along with th ...

* System 2 * System 3 * System 4 * System Software 5 – also marketed as System 5 *

System Software 6 System 6 (or System Software 6) is a graphical user interface-based operating system for Macintosh computers, made by Apple Computer It was released in 1988, and is part of the classic Mac OS series. It is a monolithic operating system, with coop ...

– also marketed as System 6 *

System 7 System 7, codenamed "Big Bang", and also known as Mac OS 7, is a graphical user interface-based operating system for Macintosh computers and is part of the classic Mac OS series of operating systems. It was introduced on May 13, 1991, by Apple Co ...

– System 7.5.1 was the first to refer to itself as

Mac OS Two major famlies of Mac operating systems were developed by Apple Inc. In 1984, Apple debuted the operating system that is now known as the "Classic" Mac OS with its release of the original Macintosh System Software. The system, rebranded "M ...

Mac OS 7.6 System 7, codenamed "Big Bang", and also known as Mac OS 7, is a graphical user interface-based operating system for Macintosh computers and is part of the classic Mac OS series of operating systems. It was introduced on May 13, 1991, by Apple ...

was the first to be branded as "Mac OS" *

Mac OS 8 Mac OS 8 is an operating system that was released by Apple Computer on July 26, 1997. It includes the largest overhaul of the classic Mac OS experience since the release of System 7, approximately six years before. It places a greater emphasis on ...

Mac OS 9 Mac OS 9 is the ninth major release of Apple Inc., Apple's classic Mac OS operating system which was succeeded by macOS, Mac OS X (renamed to OS X in 2011 and macOS in 2016) in 2001. Introduced on October 23, 1999, it was promoted by Apple as "T ...

– Mac OS 9.2.2 was the last version of

Classic Mac OS Mac OS (originally System Software; retronym: Classic Mac OS) is the series of operating systems developed for the Macintosh family of personal computers by Apple Computer from 1984 to 2001, starting with System 1 and ending with Mac OS 9. The ...

Mac OS X / OS X / macOS

macOS was previously known as Mac OS X and later OS X. *

Mac OS X Public Beta The Mac OS X Public Beta (internally code named "Kodiak") was the first publicly available version of Apple Computer's Mac OS X (now named macOS) operating system to feature the Aqua user interface. It was released to the public on September 1 ...

– code name ''Kodiak'' *

Mac OS X 10.0 Mac OS X 10.0 (code named Cheetah) is the first major release of macOS, Mac OS X, Apple Computer, Apple's desktop and server operating system. It was released on March 24, 2001 for a price of $129 after a Mac OS X Public Beta, public beta. Mac ...

– code name ''Cheetah'' *

Mac OS X 10.1 Mac OS X 10.1 ( code named Puma) is the second major release of macOS, Apple's desktop and server operating system. It superseded Mac OS X 10.0 and preceded Mac OS X Jaguar. Mac OS X 10.1 was released on September 25, 2001, as a free update ...

– code name ''Puma'' *

Mac OS X 10.2 Mac OS X Jaguar (version 10.2) is the third major release of macOS, Apple's desktop and server operating system. It superseded Mac OS X 10.1 and preceded Mac OS X Panther. The operating system was released on August 23, 2002 either for sin ...

– also marketed as ''Jaguar'' *

Mac OS X Panther Mac OS X Panther (version 10.3) is the fourth major release of macOS, Apple's desktop and server operating system. It followed Mac OS X Jaguar and preceded Mac OS X Tiger. It was released on October 24, 2003. System requirements Panther's s ...

– 10.3 *

Mac OS X Tiger Mac OS X Tiger (version 10.4) is the 5th major release of macOS, Apple's desktop and server operating system for Mac computers. Tiger was released to the public on April 29, 2005 for US$129.95 as the successor to Mac OS X 10.3 Panther. Some o ...

– 10.4 *

Mac OS X Leopard Mac OS X Leopard (version 10.5) is the sixth software versioning, major release of macOS, Apple Inc., Apple's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers. Leopard was released on October 26, 2007 as the successor of Mac OS X Tig ...

– 10.5 *

Mac OS X Snow Leopard Mac OS X Snow Leopard (version 10.6) is the seventh major release of macOS, Apple's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers. Snow Leopard was publicly unveiled on June 8, 2009 at Apple’s Worldwide Developers Conference. ...

– 10.6 *

Mac OS X Lion OS X Lion, also known as Mac OS X Lion, (version 10.7) is the eighth major release of macOS, Apple's desktop and server operating system for Mac computers. A preview of OS X 10.7 Lion was publicly shown at the "Back to the Mac" Apple Speci ...

– 10.7 – also marketed as ''OS X Lion'' *

OS X Mountain Lion OS X Mountain Lion (version 10.8) is the ninth major release of macOS, Apple Inc.'s desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers. OS X Mountain Lion was released on July 25, 2012, for purchase and download through Apple's Mac Ap ...

– 10.8 *

OS X Mavericks OS X Mavericks (version 10.9) is the 10th major release of macOS, Apple Inc.'s desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers. OS X Mavericks was announced on June 10, 2013, at WWDC 2013, and was released on October 22, 2013, worl ...

– 10.9 (free) *

OS X Yosemite OS X Yosemite ( ; version 10.10) is the eleventh major release of macOS, Apple Inc.'s desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers. OS X Yosemite was announced and released to developers on June 2, 2014, at WWDC 2014 and rel ...

– 10.10 (free) *

OS X El Capitan OS X El Capitan ( ) () is the twelfth major release of macOS (named OS X at the time of El Capitan's release), Apple Inc.'s desktop and server operating system for Macintosh. It focuses mainly on performance, stability, and security. Following ...

– 10.11 (free) *

macOS Sierra macOS Sierra (version 10.12) is the thirteenth major release of macOS (formerly known as and ), Apple Inc.'s desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers. The name "macOS" stems from the intention to uniform the operating syste ...

– 10.12 (free) *

macOS High Sierra macOS High Sierra (version 10.13) is the fourteenth major release of macOS, Apple Inc.'s desktop operating system for Macintosh computers. macOS High Sierra was announced at the WWDC 2017 on June 5, 2017 and was released on September 25, 2017. ...

– 10.13 (free) *

macOS Mojave macOS Mojave ( ; version 10.14) is the fifteenth software versioning, major release of macOS, Apple Inc.'s desktop operating system for Macintosh computers. Mojave was announced at Apple's Apple Worldwide Developers Conference, Worldwide Devel ...

– 10.14 (free) *

macOS Catalina macOS Catalina (version 10.15) is the sixteenth major release of macOS, Apple Inc.'s desktop operating system for Macintosh computers. It is the successor to macOS Mojave and was announced at WWDC 2019 on June 3, 2019 and released to the publ ...

– 10.15 (free) *

macOS Big Sur macOS Big Sur (version 11) is the seventeenth major release of macOS, Apple Inc.'s operating system for Macintosh computers. It was announced at Apple's Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) on June 22, 2020, and was released to the public ...

– 11 (free) *

macOS Monterey macOS Monterey (version 12) is the eighteenth major release of macOS, Apple's desktop operating system for Macintosh computers. The successor to macOS Big Sur, it was announced at WWDC 2021 on June 7, 2021, and released on October 25, 2021. m ...

– 12 (free) *

macOS Ventura macOS Ventura (version 13) is the nineteenth and current major release of macOS, Apple's desktop operating system for Mac computers. The successor to macOS Monterey, it was announced at WWDC 2022 on June 6, 2022, and launched on October 24, 2 ...

– 13 (free)

macOS Server

macOS Server was previously known as Mac OS X Server and later OS X Server. *

Mac OS X Server 1.0 Mac OS X Server 1.0 is an operating system developed by Apple Computer, Inc. Released on March 16, 1999, it was the first version of Mac OS X Server. It was Apple's first commercial product to be derived from "Rhapsody"—an eventual replacemen ...

– code name ''Hera'', also referred to as

Rhapsody Rhapsody may refer to: * A work of epic poetry, or part of one, that is suitable for recitation at one time ** Rhapsode, a classical Greek professional performer of epic poetry Computer software * Rhapsody (online music service), an online m ...

* Mac OS X Server 10.0 – code name ''Cheetah'' * Mac OS X Server 10.1 – code name ''Puma'' * Mac OS X Server 10.2 – code name ''Jaguar'' * Mac OS X Server 10.3 – code name ''Panther'' * Mac OS X Server 10.4 – code name ''Tiger'' * Mac OS X Server 10.5 – also marketed as ''Leopard Server'' * Mac OS X Server 10.6 – also marketed as ''Snow Leopard Server'' Starting with Lion, there is no separate Mac OS X Server operating system. Instead the server components are a separate download from the

Mac App Store The App Store (also known as the Mac App Store) is a digital distribution platform for macOS apps, often referred to as Mac apps, created and maintained by Apple Inc. The platform was announced on October 20, 2010, at Apple's "Back to the Mac" ...

. * Mac OS X Lion Server – 10.7 – also marketed as ''OS X Lion Server'' * OS X Mountain Lion Server – 10.8 – also marketed as ''Mountain Lion Server'' * OS X Mavericks Server – 10.9 – also marketed as ''Mavericks Server'' * OS X Yosemite Server – 10.10 – also marketed as ''Yosemite Server 4.0'' * OS X 10.11 Server 5.0 – also marketed as ''OS X Server 5.0'' * OS X 10.11 Server 5.1 – also marketed as ''OS X Server 5.1'' * macOS 10.12 Server 5.2 – also marketed as ''macOS Server 5.2'' * macOS 10.12 Server 5.3 – also marketed as ''macOS Server 5.3'' * macOS 10.13 Server 5.4 – also marketed as ''macOS Server 5.4'' * macOS 10.13 Server 5.5 – also marketed as ''macOS Server 5.5''

Other macOS-related releases

bridgeOS bridgeOS is a mobile operating system created and developed by Apple Inc. for use exclusively with its hardware. bridgeOS runs on the T series Apple silicon processors and operates the OLED touchscreen strip called the " Touch Bar" as well as ...

– powers the Touch Bar and other internal components *

NeXTSTEP NeXTSTEP is a discontinued object-oriented, multitasking operating system based on the Mach kernel and the UNIX-derived BSD. It was developed by NeXT Computer in the late 1980s and early 1990s and was initially used for its range of proprieta ...

OPENSTEP OpenStep is a defunct object-oriented application programming interface (API) specification for a legacy object-oriented operating system, with the basic goal of offering a NeXTSTEP-like environment on non-NeXTSTEP operating systems. OpenStep was ...

* Darwin

Others

* A/ROSE *

A/UX A/UX is Apple Computer's Unix-based operating system for Macintosh computers, integrated with System 7's graphical interface and application compatibility. Launched in 1988 and discontinued in 1995 with version 3.1.1, it is Apple's first official ...

AIX for Apple Network Servers AIX (Advanced Interactive eXecutive, pronounced , "ay-eye-ex") is a series of Proprietary software, proprietary Unix operating systems developed and sold by IBM for several of its computer platforms. Background Originally released for the ...

Macintosh Application Environment The Macintosh Application Environment (MAE) is a software package introduced by Apple Computer in 1994 which allows users of certain Unix-based computer workstations to run application software designed for System 7. Overview MAE uses the X Wind ...

MkLinux MkLinux (for Microkernel Linux) is an open-source software computer operating system begun by the Open Software Foundation Research Institute and Apple Computer in February 1996, to port Linux to the PowerPC platform, and Macintosh computers. The ...

* PowerOpen Environment *

Star Trek ''Star Trek'' is an American science fiction media franchise created by Gene Roddenberry, which began with the eponymous 1960s television series and quickly became a worldwide pop-culture phenomenon. The franchise has expanded into vari ...

– unreleased * Taligent – unreleased * Copland – unreleased

Mobile devices

Newton

* Newton OS

iPod

* iPod OS

iOS

iOS was previously known as iPhone iPhone OS, OS, despite also being available on the iPod Touch (iPod Touch (1st generation), 1st, iPod Touch (2nd generation), 2nd, and iPod Touch (3rd generation), 3rd List of iOS devices#iPod Touch, generations) and the iPad (1st generation), original iPad. * iPhone OS 1 – derived from "Mac OS X" (now known as "macOS") * iPhone OS 2 * iPhone OS 3 * iOS 4 – continued from iPhone OS 3 * iOS 5 * iOS 6 * iOS 7 * iOS 8 * iOS 9 * iOS 10 * iOS 11 * iOS 12 * iOS 13 * iOS 14 * iOS 15 * iOS 16

iPadOS

At its June 2019 Worldwide Developer Conference, Apple introduced iPadOS, a version of iOS, for iPad tablets, promised for fall 2019 release. * iPadOS 13 – derived from iOS 13 * iPadOS 14 – derived from iOS 14 * iPadOS 15 – derived from iOS 15 * iPadOS 16 - derived from iOS 16

watchOS

* watchOS 1 – derived from iOS 8 * watchOS 2 – derived from iOS 9 * watchOS 3 – derived from iOS 10 * watchOS 4 – derived from iOS 11 * watchOS 5 – derived from iOS 12 * watchOS 6 – derived from iOS 13 * WatchOS, watchOS 7 – derived from iOS 14 * WatchOS, watchOS 8 - derived from iOS 15 * watchOS 9 - derived from iOS 16

Living room

Apple TV Software

* Apple TV Software 1 – derived from Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger * Apple TV Software 2 – derived from Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger * Apple TV Software 3 – derived from Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger * Apple TV Software 4 – derived from iOS 4 and iOS 5 * Apple TV Software 5 – derived from iOS 5 and iOS 6 * Apple TV Software 6 – derived from iOS 7 * Apple TV Software 7 – derived from iOS 8 There was no Apple TV Software 8, version 8 was skipped when moving to tvOS.

tvOS

* tvOS 9 – derived from iOS 9 * tvOS 10 – derived from iOS 10 * tvOS 11 – derived from iOS 11 * tvOS 12 – derived from iOS 12 * tvOS 13 - derived from iOS 13 * tvOS 14 - derived from iOS 14 * tvOS 15 - derived from iOS 15 * tvOS 16 - derived from iOS 16

audioOS

Table of operating systems

Notes

References

{{Darwin derivations Apple Inc. lists, operating systems Apple Inc. operating systems, Lists of operating systems, Apple