''Appendicula'', commonly known as stream orchids or 牛齿兰属 (niu chi lan shu), is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
of
flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...
s in the
family
Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...
Orchidaceae
Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae (), a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are often colourful and fragrant.
Along with the Asteraceae, they are one of the two largest families of flowering ...
. Orchids in this genus are
epiphytic
An epiphyte is an organism that grows on the surface of a plant and derives its moisture and nutrients from the air, rain, water (in marine environments) or from debris accumulating around it. The plants on which epiphytes grow are called phoroph ...
,
lithophytic
Lithophytes are plants that grow in or on rocks. They can be classified as either epilithic (or epipetric) or endolithic; epilithic lithophytes grow on the surfaces of rocks, while endolithic lithophytes grow in the crevices of rocks (and are als ...
or rarely
terrestrial plant
A terrestrial plant is a plant that grows on, in, or from land. Other types of plants are aquatic (living in water), epiphytic (living on trees) and lithophytic (living in or on rocks).
The distinction between aquatic and terrestrial plants is ...
s
herbs
In general use, herbs are a widely distributed and widespread group of plants, excluding vegetables and other plants consumed for macronutrients, with savory or aromatic properties that are used for flavoring and garnishing food, for medicinal ...
with many flat, often twisted leaves and small
resupinate
Resupination is derived from the Latin word ''resupinus'', meaning "bent back
with the face upward" or "on the back". "Resupination" is the noun form of the adjective "resupine" which means "being upside-down, supine or facing upward".
The word " ...
, white or greenish flowers. The
sepal
A sepal () is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants). Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom., p. 106 The term ''sepalum'' was coined b ...
s are free from each other but the
lateral sepals and
labellum are fused to the base of the
column
A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. In other words, a column is a compression member. ...
.
The genus ''Appendicula'' was first formally described in 1825 by
Carl Ludwig Blume
Charles Ludwig de Blume or Karl Ludwig von Blume (9 June 1796, Braunschweig – 3 February 1862, Leiden) was a German-Dutch botanist.
He was born at Braunschweig in Germany, but studied at Leiden University and spent his professional life wor ...
who published the description in ''Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië''.
The name ''Appendicula'' is the diminutive form of the
Latin
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...
word ''appendix'' meaning "appendage" or "addition", hence "little appendage",
referring to the "inward-facing appendages on the labellum".
Orchids in the genus ''Appendicula'' occur from
tropical
The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator. They are defined in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere at N and the Tropic of Capricorn in
the Southern Hemisphere at S. The tropics are also referred to ...
and
subtropical
The subtropical zones or subtropics are geographical zone, geographical and Köppen climate classification, climate zones to the Northern Hemisphere, north and Southern Hemisphere, south of the tropics. Geographically part of the Geographical z ...
Asia to the western
Pacific.
List of species
The following is a list of species of ''Appendicula'' accepted by the
World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
The World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (usually abbreviated to WCSP) is an "international collaborative programme that provides the latest peer reviewed and published opinions on the accepted scientific names and synonyms of selected plan ...
as at January 2019:
* ''
Appendicula aberrans''
Schltr.
* ''
Appendicula adnata
''Appendicula'', commonly known as stream orchids or 牛齿兰属 (niu chi lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytic, lithophytic or rarely terrestrial plants herbs with many flat, oft ...
''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Appendicula alatocaulis
''Appendicula'', commonly known as stream orchids or 牛齿兰属 (niu chi lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytic, lithophytic or rarely terrestrial plants herbs with many flat, oft ...
''
P.O'Byrne & J.J.Verm.
* ''
Appendicula alba
''Appendicula'', commonly known as stream orchids or 牛齿兰属 (niu chi lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytic, lithophytic or rarely terrestrial plants herbs with many flat, oft ...
''
Blume
* ''
Appendicula anceps
''Appendicula'', commonly known as stream orchids or 牛齿兰属 (niu chi lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytic, lithophytic or rarely terrestrial plants herbs with many flat, oft ...
''
Blume
** ''Appendicula anceps'' var. ''anceps''.
** ''Appendicula anceps'' var. ''celebica''
Schltr.
* ''
Appendicula ancosiphila
''Appendicula'', commonly known as stream orchids or 牛齿兰属 (niu chi lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytic, lithophytic or rarely terrestrial plants herbs with many flat, oft ...
''
Ormerod
* ''Appendicula anemophila''
(Schltr.) J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula angustifolia''
Blume
* ''Appendicula annamensis''
Guillaumin
* ''Appendicula anomala''
(Schltr.) Schltr.
* ''Appendicula babiensis''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula baliensis''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula biloba''
J.J.Sm.
** ''Appendicula biloba'' var. ''angustifolia''
J.J.Sm.
** ''Appendicula biloba'' var. ''biloba''.
* ''Appendicula bilobulata''
J.J.Wood
* ''Appendicula biumbonata''
Schltr.
* ''Appendicula bracteata''
(Schltr.) J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula bracteosa''
Rchb.f. in B.Seemann
* ''Appendicula brassii''
Ormerod
* ''Appendicula brevimentum''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula buxifolia''
Blume
* ''Appendicula calcarata''
Ridl.
* ''Appendicula calcicola''
Schltr.
* ''Appendicula callifera''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula carinifera''
Schltr.
* ''Appendicula carnosa''
Blume
* ''Appendicula celebica''
(Schltr.) Schltr.
* ''Appendicula chalmersiana''
F.Muell.
* ''Appendicula clemensiae''
(Ames) Ames
* ''Appendicula clemensiorum''
J.J.Wood
* ''Appendicula collina''
(Schltr.) J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula concava''
Schltr.
* ''Appendicula congenera''
Blume
* ''Appendicula congesta''
Ridl.
* ''Appendicula cornuta''
Blume
* ''Appendicula crispa''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula cristata''
Blume
* ''Appendicula crotalina''
(Ames) Schltr.
* ''Appendicula cuneata''
Ames
* ''Appendicula cyphochiloides''
Ormerod
* ''Appendicula dajakorum''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula damusensis''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula dendrobioides''
(Schltr.) Schltr.
* ''Appendicula densifolia''
(Ridl.) Ridl.
* ''Appendicula dichaeoides''
Ormerod
* ''Appendicula disticha''
Ridl.
* ''Appendicula djamuensis''
Schltr.
* ''Appendicula effusa''
(Schltr.) Schltr.
* ''Appendicula elegans''
Rchb.f.
* ''Appendicula elmeri''
(Ames) Ames
* ''Appendicula fallax''
Schltr.
* ''Appendicula fasciculata''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula fenixii''
(Ames) Schltr.
* ''Appendicula fergussoniana''
Ormerod
* ''Appendicula flaccida''
(Schltr.) Schltr.
* ''Appendicula floribunda''
(Schltr.) Schltr.
* ''Appendicula foliosa''
Ames
* ''Appendicula fractiflexa''
J.J.Wood
* ''Appendicula furfuracea''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula gjellerupii''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula goodenoughiana''
Ormerod
* ''Appendicula gracilis''
Aver.
* ''Appendicula grandifolia''
Schltr.
* ''Appendicula hexadens''
Ormerod
* ''Appendicula hexandra''
(J.König) J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula hooglandii''
Ormerod
* ''Appendicula humilis''
Schltr.
* ''Appendicula imbricata''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula inermis''
Carr
* ''Appendicula infundibuliformis''
J.J.Sm..
* ''Appendicula irigensis''
Ames
* ''Appendicula jacobsonii''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula kaniensis''
Schltr.
* ''Appendicula kjellbergii''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula krauseana''
Schltr.
* ''Appendicula lamprophylla''
Schltr..
* ''Appendicula latifolia''
(Schltr.) J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula latilabium''
J.J.Sm.
** ''Appendicula latilabium'' var. ''latilabium''.
** ''Appendicula latilabium'' var. ''seramica''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula laxifolia''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula leytensis''
Ames
* ''Appendicula linearifolia''
Ames & C.Schweinf.
* ''Appendicula linearis''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula longa''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula longibracteata''
Ridl.
* ''Appendicula longirostrata''
Ames & C.Schweinf.
* ''Appendicula lucbanensis''
(Ames) Ames
* ''Appendicula lucida''
Ridl.
* ''Appendicula lutea''
Schltr.
* ''Appendicula luzonensis''
(Ames) Ames
* ''Appendicula magnibracteata''
Ames & C.Schweinf.
* ''Appendicula malindangensis''
(Ames) Schltr.
* ''Appendicula maneauensis''
Ormerod
* ''Appendicula maquilingensis''
Ames
* ''Appendicula matapensis''
Ormerod
* ''Appendicula merapohensis''
P.T.Ong & P.O'Byrne
* ''Appendicula merrillii''
Ames
* ''Appendicula mimica''
Ormerod
* ''Appendicula montana''
(Schltr.) J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula negrosiana''
(Ames) Ames
* ''Appendicula nicobarica''
Jayanthi, Sumathi & Karthig.
* ''Appendicula nivea''
(Schltr.) Schltr.
* ''Appendicula oblonga''
Schltr.
* ''Appendicula ovalis''
(Schltr.) J.J.Sm. ex Mansf.
* ''Appendicula oxysepala''
(Schltr.) J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula padangensis''
Schltr.
* ''Appendicula palustris''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula pandurata''
(Schltr.) Schltr.
* ''Appendicula parvifolia''
(Schltr.) J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula patentissima''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula pauciflora''
Blume
* ''Appendicula pendula''
Blume
* ''Appendicula penicillata''
Blume
* ''Appendicula perplexa''
(Ames) Ames
* ''Appendicula peyeriana''
Kraenzl.
* ''Appendicula pilosa''
J.J.Sm.
** ''Appendicula pilosa'' var. ''pilosa''.
** ''Appendicula pilosa'' var. ''sumatrana''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula podochiloides''
J.J.Sm..
* ''Appendicula polita''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula polyantha''
Ames
* ''Appendicula polyphylla''
Schltr.
* ''Appendicula polystachya''
(Schltr.) Schltr.
* ''Appendicula pseudofractiflexa''
J.J.Wood
* ''Appendicula pseudopendula''
(Schltr.) Schltr.
* ''Appendicula purpurascens''
Blume
* ''Appendicula purpureifolia''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula ramosa''
Blume
* ''Appendicula recondita''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula reflexa''
Blume
** ''Appendicula reflexa'' var. ''cycloglossa''
(Schltr.) Schltr.
** ''Appendicula reflexa'' var. ''kotoensis''
(Hayata) T.P.Lin
** ''Appendicula reflexa'' var. ''reflexa''.
* ''Appendicula rivularis''
(Schltr.) J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula rostellata''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula rostrata''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula rubens''
(Schltr.) Schltr.
* ''Appendicula rupestris''
Ridl.
* ''Appendicula salicifolia''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula scissosaccus''
(Gilli) Ormerod
* ''Appendicula sepikiana''
Schltr.
* ''Appendicula seranica''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula spathilabris''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula steffensiana''
(Schltr.) J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula tagalensium''
Kraenzl.
* ''Appendicula tembuyukenensis''
J.J.Wood
* ''Appendicula tenuifolia''
J.J.Wood
** ''Appendicula tenuifolia'' var. ''filiformis''
J.J.Wood
** ''Appendicula tenuifolia'' var. ''tenuifolia''.
* ''Appendicula tenuispica''
(Schltr.) Schltr.
* ''Appendicula theunissenii''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula togarupia''
Ormerod
* ''Appendicula topensabe''
Ormerod
* ''Appendicula torricelliana''
Schltr.
* ''Appendicula torta''
Blume
* ''Appendicula triloba''
(Schltr.) Schltr.
* ''Appendicula tubilabia''
J.J.Wood
* ''Appendicula uncata''
Ridl.
** ''Appendicula uncata'' subsp. ''sarawakensis''
J.J.Wood
** ''Appendicula uncata'' subsp. ''uncata''.
* ''Appendicula undulata''
Blume
** ''Appendicula uncata'' subsp. ''sarawakensis''
J.J.Wood
** ''Appendicula uncata'' subsp. ''uncata''.
* ''Appendicula vanimoensis''
Ormerod
* ''Appendicula verruculifera''
J.J.Sm.
* ''Appendicula wariana''
(Schltr.) Ormerod
* ''Appendicula weberi''
Ames
* ''Appendicula werneri''
Schltr.
* ''Appendicula xytriophora''
Rchb.f
References
External links
*
{{Taxonbar, from=Q133794
Podochileae genera
Orchids of China
Orchids of Thailand
Orchids of Vietnam
Orchids of Malaysia
Orchids of the Philippines
Orchids of Indonesia
Orchids of New Guinea
Orchids of Vanuatu
Flora of the Southwestern Pacific
Flora of the Caroline Islands
Eriinae