''Apneumonella'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
of
long-legged cave spiders that was first described by L. Fage in 1921.
It is one of several genera, including ''
Telema'', ''
Usofila'', and ''
Cangoderces'', whose relationship within the family and to these other genera is still poorly understood.
Species
it contains three species, found in
Kenya
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,
Tanzania
Tanzania (; ), officially the United Republic of Tanzania ( sw, Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. It borders Uganda to the north; Kenya to the northeast; Comoro Islands and ...
,
Malaysia
Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...
, and
Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...
: ''
A. jacobsoni'', ''
A. oculata'', and ''
A. taitatavetaensis''.
A. jacobsoni
Two species of A. jacobsoni have been described, found in Sumatra and Malaysia. It is the first of the family Telemidae to be found in tropical Asia.
[ This species is similar in appearance to those of the family ]Ochyroceratidae
Ochyroceratidae is a six-eyed spider family, with 165 described species in ten genera. They are common inhabitants of caves and the tropical forest litter of South Africa, the Caribbean, Asia and South America. Considered an ecological counterpar ...
, but several features, including the simple chelicerae, colulus, and the respiratory system consisting of tracheae with four separated stigmata, show that it belongs in the family Telemidae. The first specimen was found in Malaysia, and though the morphology of the genitalia could have earned it a new genus, because the specimen was female, it was instead provisionally placed in existing genus ''Apneumonella'', though it could also have fit in '' Cangoderces''.[
''A. jacobsoni'' is only known from a single female specimen. Whether or not it belongs in this genus is impossible to say without a described male, and some claim that it would fit better in Cangoderces.]
A. oculata
The first species of the genus was an adult female found in a cave in Tanzania. Instead of being completely adapted to cave life like many species of ''Telema'', ''A. oculata'' still retains characteristics of life outside caves, including retaining its eyes, at least partial skin pigmentation, and relatively short legs.colulus
Cribellum literally means "little sieve", and in biology the term generally applies to anatomical structures in the form of tiny perforated plates.
In certain groups of diatoms it refers to microscopically punctured regions of the frustule, or o ...
, and some other parts are red to brown. The carapace is slightly longer than wide, truncated in the rear, and convex toward the middle, slowly sloping in the thoracic part. There are six eyes in total. This species was placed among the ''Leptonetidae'' in the subfamily ''Teleminae'', as but the relative proportions of the legs doesn't quite fit. The formula I
See also
* List of Telemidae species
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q1876395
Araneomorphae genera
Spiders of Africa
Telemidae