''Aphanius'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

pupfish Pupfish are a group of small killifish belonging to ten genera of the family Cyprinodontidae of ray-finned fish. Pupfish are especially noted for being found in extreme and isolated situations. They are primarily found in North America, South Am ...

es. Unlike other members of the

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

which are from the

Americas The Americas, which are sometimes collectively called America, are a landmass comprising the totality of North and South America. The Americas make up most of the land in Earth's Western Hemisphere and comprise the New World. Along with th ...

, ''Aphanius'' species are native to northern Africa, southwestern Asia (as far east as India) and southern Europe. Several species in the genus have very small distributions and are seriously threatened.

Fossil record

Fossils of ''Aphanius'' are found in strata of the

Pleistocene The Pleistocene ( , often referred to as the ''Ice age'') is the geological Epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 2,580,000 to 11,700 years ago, spanning the Earth's most recent period of repeated glaciations. Before a change was fina ...

of Italy (age range: from 11.608 to 5.332 million years ago.). Cyprinodontidae - Aphanius crassicaudus

Species

The 39 recognized species in this genus are: * ''

Aphanius almiriensis The Almiri toothcarp or Almiri killifish (''Aphanius almiriensis'') is a species of pupfish belonging to the family Cyprinodontidae. It can be found in a handful of brackish springs and marshes in the Peloponnese, Greece. Due to one of the sprin ...

Kottelat Maurice Kottelat (born 16 July 1957 in Delémont, SwitzerlandC ...

Barbieri Barbieri is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Alberto Barbieri, Argentine academic * Antonio María Barbieri (1892–1979), Uruguayan Cardinal * Anthony Barbieri (born 1963), American writer and performer * Domenico ...

& Stoumboudi, 2007 * ''

Aphanius anatoliae ''Aphanius anatoliae'', the Anatolian giant killifish or Lake Tuz toothcarp, is a species of fish in the family Cyprinodontidae. It is endemic to Turkey. It is known from freshwater springs and streams around Lake Tuz, as well as from the Lake B ...

'' Leidenfrost, 1912 (Lake Tuz toothcarp) * ''

Aphanius apodus ''Aphanius apodus'' is a species of fish in the family Cyprinodontidae. This species is endemic to springs and streams in the Atlas mountains of Algeria, between Batna and Constantine. ''A. apodus'' was described as ''Lebias apodus'' in 1853 ...

'' Gervais, 1853 * ''

Aphanius arakensis The Arak toothcarp (''Aphanius arakensis'') is a species of pupfish belonging to the family Cyprinodontidae. Discovered in 2012, it is endemic to the Namak Lake basin in Iran. Description Male fish reach approximately 32mm in length, whereas ...

'' Teimori, Esmaeili, Gholami, Zarei & Reichenbacher ( de), 2012 Teimori, A., Esmaeili, H.R., Gholami, Z., Zarei, N. & Reichenbacher, B. (2012)
''Aphanius arakensis,'' a new species of tooth-carp (Actinopterygii, Cyprinodontidae) from the endorheic Namak Lake basin in Iran.
''ZooKeys, 215: 55-76.'' * ''

Aphanius asquamatus The scaleless killifish or Hazar toothcarp (''Aphanius asquamatus'') is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinodontidae. It is endemic to Lake Hazar in Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, ...

'' Sözer, 1942 (scaleless killifish) * ''

Aphanius baeticus ''Aphanius baeticus'' is a species of fish in the family Cyprinodontidae. It is endemic to a small part of Southern Spain, between the Gulf of Cadiz and Huelva. Its natural habitats are rivers, estuarine waters, and coastal saline lagoons. It ...

'' Doadrio, Carmona & Fernández-Delgado, 2002 * †''

Aphanius crassicaudus ''Aphanius crassicaudus'' is an extinct species of fish in the family Cyprinodontidae. It lived in the Late Miocene in brackish and hypersaline A hypersaline lake is a landlocked body of water that contains significant concentrations of sodiu ...

'' Agassiz 1839A. crassicaudus at Fossilworks
/ref> * ''

Aphanius danfordii ''Aphanius danfordii'', the Kızılırmak toothcarp or Sultan Sazlığı toothcarp, is a species of killifish belonging to the family Cyprinodontidae. It is endemic to the Kızılırmak River and the upper Seyhan River drainage systems and is now ...

'' Boulenger, 1890 (Sultan Sazlığı toothcarp) * '' Aphanius darabensis'' Esmaeili, Teimori, Gholami & Reichenbacher 2014 Esmaeili, H.R., Teimori, A., Gholami, Z. & Reichenbacher, B. (2014): Two new species of the tooth-carp ''Aphanius'' (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae) and the evolutionary history of the Iranian inland and inland-related ''Aphanius'' species. ''Zootaxa, 3786 (3): 246–268.'' * '' Aphanius dispar'' Rüppell, 1829 ** '' A. d. dispar'' Rüppell, 1829 (Arabian toothcarp) ** '' A. d. richardsoni'' Boulenger, 1907 (Dead Sea toothcarp) * '' Aphanius farsicus'' Teimori, Esmaeili & Reichenbacher, 2011 (Farsi toothcarp) * ''

Aphanius fasciatus The Mediterranean killifish, Mediterranean banded killifish or South European toothcarp (''Aphanius fasciatus'') is a species of fish in the family Cyprinodontidae. It is found in Albania, Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, ...

Valenciennes Valenciennes (, also , , ; nl, label=also Dutch, Valencijn; pcd, Valincyinnes or ; la, Valentianae) is a commune in the Nord department, Hauts-de-France, France. It lies on the Scheldt () river. Although the city and region experienced a s ...

, 1821 (Mediterranean killifish) * ''

Aphanius fontinalis ''Aphanius'' is a genus of pupfishes. Unlike other members of the family (biology), family which are from the Americas, ''Aphanius'' species are native to northern Africa, southwestern Asia (as far east as India) and southern Europe. Several spec ...

'' Akşiray, 1948 * '' Aphanius furcatus'' Teimori, Esmaeili, Erpenbeck & Reichenbacher, 2014 Teimori, A., Esmaeili, H.R., Erpenbeck, D. & Reichenbacher, B. (2014): A new and unique species of the genus ''Aphanius'' Nardo, 1827 (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae) from Southern Iran: A case of regressive evolution. ''Zoologischer Anzeiger – A Journal of Comparative Zoology, 253 (4): 327-337.'' * '' Aphanius ginaonis''

Holly ''Ilex'' (), or holly, is a genus of over 570 species of flowering plants in the family Aquifoliaceae, and the only living genus in that family. ''Ilex'' has the most species of any woody dioecious angiosperm genus. The species are evergreen o ...

, 1929 * '' Aphanius iberus'' (

, 1846) (Spanish toothcarp) * '' Aphanius iconii'' Akşiray, 1948 * '' Aphanius isfahanensis'' Hrbek, Keivany &

Coad Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a type of progressive lung disease characterized by long-term respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. The main symptoms include shortness of breath and a cough, which may or may not produce mu ...

, 2006 * '' Aphanius kavirensis'' Esmaeili, Teimori, Gholami & Reichenbacher, 2014 * '' Aphanius maeandricus'' Akşiray, 1948 * '' Aphanius marassantensis'' Pfleiderer, Geiger &

Herder A herder is a pastoral worker responsible for the care and management of a herd or flock of domestic animals, usually on open pasture. It is particularly associated with nomadic or transhumant management of stock, or with common land grazing. ...

, 2014 (Kızılırmak toothcarp) Pfleiderer, S.J., Geiger, M.F. & Herder, F. (2014): ''Aphanius marassantensis'', a new toothcarp from the Kızılırmak drainage in northern Anatolia (Cyprinodontiformes: Cyprinodontidae). ''Zootaxa, 3887 (5): 569–582.'' * '' Aphanius mento'' Heckel, 1843 (iridescent toothcarp) * ''

Aphanius meridionalis ''Aphanius'' is a genus of pupfishes. Unlike other members of the family (biology), family which are from the Americas, ''Aphanius'' species are native to northern Africa, southwestern Asia (as far east as India) and southern Europe. Several spec ...

'' Akşiray, 1948 * '' Aphanius mesopotamicus'' Coad, 2009 (Mesopotamian toothcarp) Alavi-Yeganeh, M.S., Keivany, Y., Seyfabadi, J., Kazemi, B. & Wallis, G.P. (2014): Taxonomic validity and phylogenetic relationships of a newly-described tooth-carp, ''Aphanius mesopotamicus'' Coad, 2009 (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae). ''Zootaxa, 3780 (3): 594–600.'' * '' Aphanius pluristriatus'' J. T. Jenkins, 1910 * '' Aphanius punctatus'' Heckel, 1847 * '' Aphanius saldae'' Akşiray, 1955 * '' Aphanius saourensis''

Blanco Blanco (''white'' or ''blank'' in Spanish) or Los Blancos may refer to: People *Blanco (surname) Fictional characters *Blanco, a hobbit in J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth * Blanco Webb, character in the BBC sitcom ''Porridge'' * El Blanco, albin ...

, Hrbek & Doadrio, 2006 (Sahara aphanius) * '' Aphanius shirini'' Gholami, Esmaeili, Erpenbeck & Reichenbacher, 2014 Gholami, Z., Esmaeili, H.R., Erpenbeck, D. & Reichenbacher, B. (2014): Phylogenetic analysis of ''Aphanius'' from the endorheic Kor River Basin in the Zagros Mountains, South-western Iran (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Cyprinodontidae). ''Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 52 (2): 130–141.'' * '' Aphanius sirhani'' Villwock, Scholl &

Krupp The Krupp family (see pronunciation), a prominent 400-year-old German dynasty from Essen, is notable for its production of steel, artillery, ammunition and other armaments. The family business, known as Friedrich Krupp AG (Friedrich Krup ...

, 1983 (Azraq toothcarp) * '' Aphanius sophiae'' Heckel, 1847 * †'' Aphanius splendens'' Kosswig & Sözer, 1945 (Gölçük toothcarp) * ''

Aphanius stiassnyae The Lake Afdera killifish (''Aphanius stiassnyae'') is a fish belonging to the family Cyprinodontidae. It is found in Lake Afdera in Ethiopia. The species was evaluated by the IUCN on 1 May 2009 and listed as endangered on the Red List The I ...

'' Getahun & Lazara, 2001 (Lake Afdera killifish) * '' Aphanius sureyanus'' W. Neu, 1937 (Burdur toothcarp) * '' Aphanius transgrediens'' Ermin, 1946 (Acıgöl toothcarp) * '' Aphanius villwocki'' Hrbek & Wildekamp, 2003 (Sakarya toothcarp) * '' Aphanius vladykovi'' Coad, 1988

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q1431202 Cyprinodontidae Freshwater fish genera Taxa named by Giovanni Domenico Nardo Taxonomy articles created by Polbot