Aodh Mac Cathmhaoil, O.F.M. ( la, Hugo Cavellus;

anglicised Anglicisation is the process by which a place or person becomes influenced by English culture or British culture, or a process of cultural and/or linguistic change in which something non-English becomes English. It can also refer to the influen ...

: Hugh MacCaghwell; 1571 – 22 September 1626), was an Irish

Franciscan The Franciscans are a group of related Mendicant orders, mendicant Christianity, Christian Catholic religious order, religious orders within the Catholic Church. Founded in 1209 by Italian Catholic friar Francis of Assisi, these orders include t ...

theologian and

Archbishop of Armagh In Christian denominations, an archbishop is a bishop of higher rank or office. In most cases, such as the Catholic Church, there are many archbishops who either have jurisdiction over an ecclesiastical province in addition to their own archdio ...

. He was known by Irish speakers at

Leuven Leuven (, ) or Louvain (, , ; german: link=no, Löwen ) is the capital and largest city of the province of Flemish Brabant in the Flemish Region of Belgium. It is located about east of Brussels. The municipality itself comprises the historic ...

(Louvain) by the honorary name '' Aodh Mac Aingil'' (''"Mac Aingil"'' is

Irish Irish may refer to: Common meanings * Someone or something of, from, or related to: ** Ireland, an island situated off the north-western coast of continental Europe ***Éire, Irish language name for the isle ** Northern Ireland, a constituent unit ...

for "Son of an Angel"), and it was under this title that he published the Irish work ''Scáthán Shacramuinte na hAthridhe''.

Life

Mac Cathmhaoil was born at

Saul, County Down Saul () is a village in County Down, Northern Ireland, within the civil parish of Saul and Ballee. The villages lies to the east of Downpatrick and has strong links with Saint Patrick. It is claimed that when Saint Patrick arrived in Ireland i ...

, and received his earliest education in his native place, trained at one of the

bardic In Celtic cultures, a bard is a professional story teller, verse-maker, music composer, oral historian and genealogist, employed by a patron (such as a monarch or chieftain) to commemorate one or more of the patron's ancestors and to praise t ...

schools still operating in Ulster.''The Catholics of Ulster: A History'' by Marianne Elliot (pages 75-76) He next studied at a famous school in the

Isle of Man ) , anthem = "O Land of Our Birth" , image = Isle of Man by Sentinel-2.jpg , image_map = Europe-Isle_of_Man.svg , mapsize = , map_alt = Location of the Isle of Man in Europe , map_caption = Location of the Isle of Man (green) in Europe ...

. On his return to Ireland, he was hired by

Hugh O'Neill, The O'Neill Hugh O'Neill (Irish language, Irish: ''Aodh Mór Ó Néill''; literally ''Hugh The Great O'Neill''; – 20 July 1616), was an Irish people, Irish Gaels, Gaelic lord, Earl of Tyrone (known as the Great Earl) and was later created ''The Ó Néi ...

, 2nd Earl of Tyrone, as a tutor to his sons Henry and Hugh. Mac Cathmhaoil was sent by the Earl as special messenger to the Court of Spain to solicit aid for the Ulster forces. During his stay at

Salamanca Salamanca () is a city in western Spain and is the capital of the Province of Salamanca in the autonomous community of Castile and León. The city lies on several rolling hills by the Tormes River. Its Old City was declared a UNESCO World Heritag ...

, where the Court then resided, he frequented the schools of the university and took doctor's degrees in divinity. Soon afterwards he entered the

Order of Friars Minor The Order of Friars Minor (also called the Franciscans, the Franciscan Order, or the Seraphic Order; postnominal abbreviation OFM) is a mendicant Catholic religious order, founded in 1209 by Francis of Assisi. The order adheres to the teachi ...

. He enjoyed a great reputation as a theologian, and his commentaries on the theologian

Duns Scotus John Duns Scotus ( – 8 November 1308), commonly called Duns Scotus ( ; ; "Duns the Scot"), was a Scottish Catholic priest and Franciscan friar, university professor, philosopher, and theologian. He is one of the four most important ...

(1266–1308) were held in high repute. It was principally due to his great influence at the Spanish Court that the Irish Franciscan College of

St. Anthony Saint Anthony, Antony, or Antonius most often refers to Anthony of Padua, also known as Saint Anthony of Lisbon, the patron saint of lost things. This name may also refer to: People * Anthony of Antioch (266–302), Martyr under Diocletian. Feast ...

was founded at

(Louvain). After his admission into the Order, Mac Cathmhaoil taught for some time in the

University of Salamanca The University of Salamanca ( es, Universidad de Salamanca) is a Spanish higher education institution, located in the city of Salamanca, in the autonomous community of Castile and León. It was founded in 1218 by King Alfonso IX. It is th ...

. He was appointed as superior and lecturer at St. Anthony's,

, and moved to Belgium. Among his pupils were

John Colgan John Colgan, OFM (Irish ''Seán Mac Colgan''; c. 1592 – 15 January 1658), was an Irish Franciscan friar noted as a hagiographer and historian. Life Colgan was born c. 1592 at Priestown near Carndonagh. He joined the Franciscan Order and w ...

, Patrick Fleming, Hugh Ward, and

Antony Hickey Antony Hickey (also known as Anthony Hickey and Antony Ó hÍceadha; 1586 – 26 June 1641) was an Irish Franciscan theologian. Life Born at the Barony of Islands, County Clare, Ireland, Ó hÍceadha was a member of a bardic family. He was edu ...

. He was summoned to Rome to lecture in the convent of

Aracoeli The Basilica of St. Mary of the Altar of Heaven ( la, Basilica Sanctae Mariae de Ara coeli in Capitolio, it, Basilica di Santa Maria in Ara coeli al Campidoglio) is a titular basilica in Rome, located on the highest summit of the Campidoglio. I ...

; but his energies were not limited to his work as professor. He was employed by the pope on several commissions. He carried out a papal mission to Ulster in 1613. Over the next three decades, Leuven produced a remarkable outpouring of Gaelic scholarship and devotional texts in Irish. In scouring the north and midlands of Ireland for all available manuscripts, to write an ecclesiastical history of Ireland, his associates (

Mícheál Ó Cléirigh Mícheál Ó Cléirigh (), sometimes known as Michael O'Clery, was an Irish chronicler, scribe and antiquary and chief author of the ''Annals of the Four Masters,'' assisted by Cú Choigcríche Ó Cléirigh, Fearfeasa Ó Maol Chonaire, and Pereg ...

, a trained historian) and Aodh Mac an Bhaird (Hugh Ward) are credited with saving many of the

Irish manuscripts This is a list of manuscripts produced in Ireland as well as other manuscripts of Irish interest, including both vellum and paper manuscripts. See also *Cín Dromma Snechtai *Irish Manuscripts Commission Notes Sources *General: ** *Brussels: ...

that still survive. Mac Cathmhaoil was elected

Definitor General {{Catholic Church hierarchy sidebar, Administrative and pastoral titles In the Catholic Church, a definitor (Latin for 'one who defines') is a title with different specific uses. There are secular definitors, who have a limited amount of oversight ...

of the Friars Minor of the Strict Observance, which gave him authority over all the friars in Europe who followed that branch of the Reform within Order. In that capacity, he gave substantial help to Friar

Luke Wadding Luke Wadding, O.F.M. (16 October 158818 November 1657), was an Irish Franciscan friar and historian. Life Early life Wadding was born on 16 October 1588 in Waterford to Walter Wadding of Waterford, a wealthy merchant, and his wife, Anastasia ...

in founding and developing the College of San Isidore and Ludovisi's

Pontifical Irish College The Pontifical Irish College is a Roman Catholic seminary for the training and education of priests, in Rome. The College is located at #1, Via dei Santi Quattro, and serves as a residence for clerical students from all over the world. Designated ...

in Rome, for Irish students. On 17 March 1626,

Pope Urban VIII Pope Urban VIII ( la, Urbanus VIII; it, Urbano VIII; baptised 5 April 1568 – 29 July 1644), born Maffeo Vincenzo Barberini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 6 August 1623 to his death in July 1644. As po ...

, passing over all the other candidates, nominated Mac Aingil as

and

Primate of All Ireland The Primacy of Ireland was historically disputed between the Archbishop of Armagh and the Archbishop of Dublin until finally settled by Pope Innocent VI. ''Primate'' is a title of honour denoting ceremonial precedence in the Church, and in t ...

. The consecration took place on 7 June, in the church of St. Isidore. Thomas Walsh,

Archbishop of Cashel The Archbishop of Cashel ( ga, Ard-Easpag Chaiseal Mumhan) was an archiepiscopal title which took its name after the town of Cashel, County Tipperary in Ireland. Following the Reformation, there had been parallel apostolic successions to the title ...

, was consecrated at the same time. The consecrating prelate was Cardinal Gabriel de Trejo, a great friend of the Irish. Mac Cathmhaoil's health had been much weakened by his duties and the austerities he practised. In making the visitations of the

provinces A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman ''provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions outsi ...

of the Order, he had always travelled on foot. He also spent much time in prayer and fasting. While preparing for his departure, he caught a fever and died. Mac Cathmhaoil was buried in the Church of St. Isidore. His friend

John O'Neill, 3rd Earl of Tyrone Shane O'Neill, 3rd Earl of Tyrone (also known as Seán and, in Spain, Juan, c. 1599 – 29 January 1641) was the youngest son of Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone. Early life He left Ireland with his father and The 1st Earl of Tyrconnell during th ...

, arranged for a monument to be placed on his grave. The Latin playwright,

Nicolaus Vernulæus Nicolaus is a masculine given name. It is a Latin, Greek and German form of Nicholas. Nicolaus may refer to: In science: * Nicolaus Copernicus, Polish astronomer who provided the first modern formulation of a heliocentric theory of the solar syste ...

(1583–1649), delivered a

panegyric A panegyric ( or ) is a formal public speech or written verse, delivered in high praise of a person or thing. The original panegyrics were speeches delivered at public events in ancient Athens. Etymology The word originated as a compound of grc, ...

before the university commemorating the virtues and learning of the archbishop, saying that he was conspicuous for his virtues, and that his holiness of life and profound learning made him the miracle of his time. This address was later published in

Cologne Cologne ( ; german: Köln ; ksh, Kölle ) is the largest city of the German western States of Germany, state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) and the List of cities in Germany by population, fourth-most populous city of Germany with 1.1 m ...

in 1657.

Works

Mac Cathmhaoil composed four

Christmas carol A Christmas carol is a carol (a song or hymn) on the theme of Christmas, traditionally sung at Christmas itself or during the surrounding Christmas holiday season. The term noel has sometimes been used, especially for carols of French ori ...

s in Irish. His major works were in Latin about theology. In his ''Apologia pro Johanne Duns-Scoto'', he engaged in Franciscan defence of

against the Dominican-inspired attacks of

Bzovius Abraham Bzowski (Bzovius) (1567–1637) was a Polish Dominican historian. He carried on the work of Baronius. The ''Catholic Encyclopedia'' calls his contributions for 1198 to 1571 "less notable" than some of other continuators, namely Raynaldus, ...

and

Cornelius Jansen Cornelius Jansen (, ; Latinized name Cornelius Jansenius; also Corneille Jansen; 28 October 1585 – 6 May 1638) was the Dutch Catholic bishop of Ypres in Flanders and the father of a theological movement known as Jansenism. Biography He wa ...

, claiming Scotus as an Irishman. He also wrote a work in the

Irish language Irish ( Standard Irish: ), also known as Gaelic, is a Goidelic language of the Insular Celtic branch of the Celtic language family, which is a part of the Indo-European language family. Irish is indigenous to the island of Ireland and was ...

, which was printed at the Irish press in the college of St. Anthony's, Leuven, in 1618, entitled ''Scáthán Shacramuinte na hAthridhe'', or ''Tractatus de poenitentia et indulgentiis'', that is, ''The Mirror of the Sacrament of Penance''. (The Latin title did not appear in the text and was used only for cataloguing purposes in Latin libraries.) * ''Scáthán Shacramuinte na hAthridhe''

r ''Tractatus de poenitentia et indulgentiis'' R, or r, is the eighteenth Letter (alphabet), letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the English alphabet, modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is English alphabe ...

(Louvain 1618) * ''Scoti Commentaria in quatuor libros Sententiarum'' (2 vols., folio, Antwerp 1620) to this work is prefixed a life of Scotus * ''Scoti Commentaria seu Reportata Parisiensia'' * ''Apologiam pro eodum vindicando ab injuriis allatis per Abrahamum Bzovium''; against

. * ''Apologiam Apologiae supradictae pro Johanne Scoto Scriptae, in respondet Nicolao Jansenio Belgae Ord. Praedicatorum, Abrahami Bzovii partes suscipienti, no sine gravi Scoti et regni Hiberniae injuria. Prodiit Parisiis sub nomine Hugonis Magnesii discipuli Cavelli apud Michaelum Sonnium, anno 1623 (Paris 1623) * ''Quæstiones quodilibetales'' * ''Quæstiones in libros de anima'' * ''Quaestiones in Metaphysicam &c'' (Venice 1625)

Criticism

* Paul Walsh, ''Gleanings from Irish MSS'' (1930; 2nd edn. 1933). * Tomás Ó Cléirigh, ''Aodh Mac Aingil agus an Scoil Nua-Gheadhilge i Lobháin'' Louvain (Baile Atha Claith: An Gúm 1936; 1985). * Canneach Ó Maonaigh, ed., ''Scáthán Shacramuinte na hAithridhe'', Institúid Ardléinn, DIAS 1952 1952, p. 5; Cronin, p. 61. *Michael Cronin, ''Translating Ireland: Translations, Languages, Cultures'' (Cork UP 1996), p. 61.

References

*
Franaut entry

* ''The Little Brother from Down – Aodh Mac Aingil as a good Franciscan'', by Patrick Conlan, O.F.M., in ''Seanchas Ard Macha'' volume 19/2, pp. 63–70, 2002 ;Attribution

External links

The head of Aodh Ruadh son of O'Néill taken from a tomb in Rome sang this – a poem/song by Aobh "MacAingil" MacCathmhaoil
{{DEFAULTSORT:Maccathmhaoil, Aodh 1571 births 1626 deaths Christian clergy from County Down University of Salamanca alumni Irish Friars Minor 17th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in Ireland 17th-century Irish-language poets 17th-century Irish writers 16th-century Irish Roman Catholic priests Irish diplomats University of Salamanca faculty Irish expatriates in France Irish expatriates in Belgium Irish expatriates in Spain Irish expatriates in Italy Irish Catholic poets Poet priests Scotism Early modern Christian devotional writers Irish Roman Catholic hymnwriters Roman Catholic archbishops of Armagh Irish scholars and academics