Antonio Basilio Gutiérrez y Ulloa (14 June 1771 – 1831) was a Spanish politician and

bureaucrat A bureaucrat is a member of a bureaucracy and can compose the administration of any organization of any size, although the term usually connotes someone within an institution of government. The term ''bureaucrat'' derives from "bureaucracy", ...

. He held various offices in Spain,

San Salvador San Salvador (; ) is the capital and the largest city of El Salvador and its eponymous department. It is the country's political, cultural, educational and financial center. The Metropolitan Area of San Salvador, which comprises the capital i ...

New Spain New Spain, officially the Viceroyalty of New Spain ( es, Virreinato de Nueva España, ), or Kingdom of New Spain, was an integral territorial entity of the Spanish Empire, established by Habsburg Spain during the Spanish colonization of the Am ...

, and

Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...

. His most notable political office was being the Colonial Intendant of the

Intendancy of San Salvador The Intendancy of San Salvador ( es, Intendencia de San Salvador) was an administrative division of the Captaincy General of Guatemala, itself an administrative division of the New Spain, Viceroyalty of New Spain which was a part of the Spanish ...

from 1805 until he was deposed in the

1811 Independence Movement The 1811 Independence Movement ( es, Movimiento de Independencia de 1811), known in El Salvador as the First Shout of Independence (), was the first of a series of revolts in Central America in modern day El Salvador against Spanish rule and ...

. Unlike other Spanish colonial administrators, Gutiérrez y Ulloa held no military background.

Early life

Antonio Gutiérrez y Ulloa was born in Toro, Spain, on 14 June 1771. His parents were Nicolás Gutiérrez y Vitoria and Francisca de Ulloa y Sánchez Morales. He had a brother named Juan Gutiérrez y Ulloa.Bonet, p. 413 In 1797, he was appointed to the position of Tribune of the Major Accounting Office of Madrid.

Colonial Intendant of San Salvador

On 28 June 1805, Gutiérrez y Ulloa was appointed as the Colonial Intendant of San Salvador, being the first to hold the office in an official capacity since Ignacio Santiago Ulloa in 1798.Cruz Pacheco 1981, p. 478Meléndez Chaverri 1961, p. 119 He was described as "infatuated" and "difficult" and was unpopular with those residing in San Salvador. In 1807, Gutiérrez y Ulloa held a census for the intendancy.Marroquín, p. 132 On 5 November 1811,

José Matías Delgado José Matías Delgado y de León (24 February 1767 – 12 November 1832) was a Salvadoran priest and doctor known as ''El Padre de la Patria Salvadoreña'' (The Father of the Salvadoran Fatherland). He was a prominent leader in the independen ...

Manuel José Arce Manuel José Arce y Fagoaga (1 January 1787 – 14 December 1847) was a decorated salvadoran General and president of the Federal Republic of Central America from 1825 to 1829, followed by Francisco Morazán. Background Manuel José Arce was ...

, and 400 armed supporters overthrew Gutiérrez y Ulloa by forcing his resignation, declaring "There is no King, no Intendant, or Captain General, we only have to obey our mayors."González Aller 2015, p. 1Meléndez Chaverri 1961, pp. 139–141 The independence movement was eventually crushed by Spanish forces under José Alejandro de Aycinena later in the year who became Colonial Intendant on 3 December 1811.Cruz Pacheco 1981, pp. 478–479 His resignation was not officially accepted by the

Real Audiencia of Guatemala The Real Audiencia of Santiago de Guatemala ( es, Audiencia y Cancillería Real de Santiago de Guatemala), simply known as the Audiencia of Guatemala or the Audiencia of Los Confines, was a ''Real Audiencia'' (appellate court) in the Imperial Spa ...

until 26 September 1812.

Later life

On 10 August 1814, Gutiérrez y Ulloa was appointed as Mayor of

Guadalajara Guadalajara ( , ) is a metropolis in western Mexico and the capital of the list of states of Mexico, state of Jalisco. According to the 2020 census, the city has a population of 1,385,629 people, making it the 7th largest city by population in Me ...

. On 18 July 1817, he was appointed as a finance minister of

Mexico City Mexico City ( es, link=no, Ciudad de México, ; abbr.: CDMX; Nahuatl: ''Altepetl Mexico'') is the capital and largest city of Mexico, and the most populous city in North America. One of the world's alpha cities, it is located in the Valley o ...

by royal decree, but later he returned to Guadalajara on 7 November 1820.Congreso del Estado de Jalisco 2009, p. 33 Gutiérrez y Ulloa supported the ascension of

Agustín de Iturbide Agustín de Iturbide (; 27 September 178319 July 1824), full name Agustín Cosme Damián de Iturbide y Arámburu and also known as Agustín of Mexico, was a Mexican army general and politician. During the Mexican War of Independence, he built a ...

Emperor An emperor (from la, imperator, via fro, empereor) is a monarch, and usually the sovereignty, sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress, the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife (empress consort), ...

of the

First Mexican Empire The Mexican Empire ( es, Imperio Mexicano, ) was a constitutional monarchy, the first independent government of Mexico and the only former colony of the Spanish Empire to establish a monarchy after independence. It is one of the few modern-era, ...

in 1822.Basilio Gutiérrez 1822, p. 1

Death

Gutiérrez y Ulloa died in 1831.

Orders and decorations

Knight of the

Order of Charles III The Royal and Distinguished Spanish Order of Charles III, originally Royal and Much Distinguished Order of Charles III ( es, Real y Distinguida Orden Española de Carlos III, originally es, Real y Muy Distinguida Orden de Carlos III) was establ ...

(19 September 1804)

Publications

Estado General de la Provincia de San Salvador: Reyno de Guatemala. (Año de 1807)

References

Citations

Bibliography

* * * * * * * {{Authority control 1771 births 1831 deaths Mayors of San Salvador Mayors of places in Mexico Leaders ousted by a coup People from the Province of León Salvadoran politicians Spanish politicians