Anton Pilgram (also Anton Pilchramb) (around 1460,

Brno Brno ( , ; german: Brünn ) is a city in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. Located at the confluence of the Svitava and Svratka rivers, Brno has about 380,000 inhabitants, making it the second-largest city in the Czech Republic ...

(?) – 1516, Vienna) was a late medieval Moravian and subsequently Austrian architect and sculptor active in the area of today's Czech Republic ( Moravia), Austria and western (Germany)

Swabia Swabia ; german: Schwaben , colloquially ''Schwabenland'' or ''Ländle''; archaic English also Suabia or Svebia is a cultural, historic and linguistic region in southwestern Germany. The name is ultimately derived from the medieval Duchy of ...

. Pilgram is known as the sculptor of the portal of Old City Hall and St. James church in

and craftsman of the

pulpit A pulpit is a raised stand for preachers in a Christian church. The origin of the word is the Latin ''pulpitum'' (platform or staging). The traditional pulpit is raised well above the surrounding floor for audibility and visibility, access ...

in St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna. He spent a major part of his life in Brno, Moravia.

Biography

He was born in Brno and later on probably trained stonemason in Vienna, and following that, in 1481, he was invited to

Heilbronn Heilbronn () is a List of cities and towns in Germany, city in northern Baden-Württemberg, Germany, surrounded by Heilbronn (district), Heilbronn District. With over 126,000 residents, it is the sixth-largest city in the state. From the late Mid ...

. His earliest work was a chancel at the St Kilian Church in Heilbronn. However, research by Kaliopi Chamonikola, 2004, disputes the attribution of the design of the chancel to Pilgram. He created his early architectural works mainly in

, Germany. He participated in the building of the St. George Church in Schwieberdingen and St Lawrence Chapel in

Rottweil Rottweil (; Alemannic: ''Rautweil'') is a town in southwest Germany in the state of Baden-Württemberg. Rottweil was a free imperial city for nearly 600 years. Located between the Black Forest and the Swabian Alps, Rottweil has nearly 25,000 in ...

. During his stay in Swabia, he became familiar with the works of Italian and German Renaissance artists. Černá (2005), p. 70 He came back to

around 1495, and he worked there as a sculptor and

stonemason Stonemasonry or stonecraft is the creation of buildings, structures, and sculpture using stone as the primary material. It is one of the oldest activities and professions in human history. Many of the long-lasting, ancient shelters, temples, mo ...

at the St Jacob Church and Judentor (Jews' Gate, 1508). Among his most important works are wooden sculptures of

Saint Peter Martyr Peter of Verona (1205 – April 6, 1252), also known as Saint Peter Martyr and Saint Peter of Verona, was a 13th-century Italian Catholic priest. He was a Dominican friar and a celebrated preacher. He served as Inquisitor in Lombardy, was kille ...

and a Dominican

saint In religious belief, a saint is a person who is recognized as having an exceptional degree of Q-D-Š, holiness, likeness, or closeness to God. However, the use of the term ''saint'' depends on the context and Christian denomination, denominat ...

, created around 1511, and particularly the portal of the Old City Hall (1512). In 1512 Pilgram became a cathedral builder of the St Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna. There he concentrated mainly on smaller architectonic forms, such as the cathedral pulpit (built from 1514 to 1515) and various relief sculptures. Pilgram probably died in Vienna around 1516.

Style

Anton Pilgram is considered to be one of the most talented descendants of Nikolaus Gerhaert of Leiden in Middle Europe. His figural sculptures express a high level of individuality, and are not entirely within medieval artistic expression. Czech art historian Albert Kutal indicated also possible influence of north Italian Renaissance sculpture and paintings by Andrea Mantegna. According to preserved historical documents, Pilgram was a self-confident and contentious artist, who often asserted his artistic individuality against the will of guilds and other institutions.

Notes

References

External links

Současné teoretické přístupy k dílu Antona Pilgrama s důrazem na jeho tvorbu ve Vídni, na Moravě a na Slovensku – Thesis by Lucie Valdhansová (abstract)
* * ttp://www.encyklopedie.brna.cz/home-mmb/?acc=profil_osobnosti&load=4853 Encyclopedia of the City of Brno
Anton Pilgram
–

Moravian Gallery The Moravian Gallery in Brno ( cs, Moravská galerie v Brně) is the second largest art museum in the Czech Republic, established in 1961 by merging of two older institutions. It is situated in five buildings: Pražák Palace, Governor's Palace, ...

Anton Pilgram (úvahy k symbolice uměleckého díla)
{{DEFAULTSORT:Pilgram, Anton Gothic architects 1460 births 1516 deaths Gothic sculptors Catholic sculptors