Anton Freiherr von Eiselsberg (31 July 1860 – 25 October 1939) was an Austrian neurosurgeon.
A student of
Theodor Billroth
Christian Albert Theodor Billroth (26 April 18296 February 1894) was a German surgeon and amateur musician.
As a surgeon, he is generally regarded as the founding father of modern abdominal surgery. As a musician, he was a close friend and conf ...
, Eiselsberg served as professor of medicine at
Utrecht University
Utrecht University (UU; nl, Universiteit Utrecht, formerly ''Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht'') is a public research university in Utrecht, Netherlands. Established , it is one of the oldest universities in the Netherlands. In 2018, it had an enrollme ...
and at
University of Königsberg
The University of Königsberg (german: Albertus-Universität Königsberg) was the university of Königsberg in East Prussia. It was founded in 1544 as the world's second Protestant academy (after the University of Marburg) by Duke Albert of Pruss ...
before being appointed head of the First Department of Surgery at the
University of Vienna
The University of Vienna (german: Universität Wien) is a public research university located in Vienna, Austria. It was founded by Duke Rudolph IV in 1365 and is the oldest university in the German-speaking world. With its long and rich hist ...
. He was one of the founders of
neurosurgery
Neurosurgery or neurological surgery, known in common parlance as brain surgery, is the medical specialty concerned with the surgical treatment of disorders which affect any portion of the nervous system including the brain, spinal cord and pe ...
, co-founder of the Austrian Cancer Society in 1910, and an honorary member of the
Austrian Academy of Sciences. It was his initiative that lead to the creation of the world-first emergency surgery station in Vienna, dramatically increasing the effectiveness of medical intervention after accidents.
In 1907 Eiselsberg performed the first successful removal of a spinal cord tumor. Operating with only crude X-rays, he actually located the tumor primarily on the basis of the symptoms of the patient.
Eiselsberg was awarded the second
Lister Medal
__NOTOC__
The Lister Medal is an award presented by the Royal College of Surgeons of England in recognition of contributions to surgical science. It is named after the English surgeon Joseph Lister (1827-1912), whose work on antiseptics establi ...
in 1927 for his contributions to surgical science. As part of the award, he was invited to give the Lister Memorial Lecture at the
Royal College of Surgeons of England
The Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCS England) is an independent professional body and registered charity that promotes and advances standards of surgical care for patients, and regulates surgery and dentistry in England and Wales. T ...
in July 1927.
He himself died during the early days of
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...
in an accident caused by the collision of two trains in the vicinity of
St. Valentin
St. Valentin (also referred to as ''Sankt Valentin'') is the most westerly town in the district of Amstetten in Lower Austria in Austria
Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern pa ...
,
Lower Austria
Lower Austria (german: Niederösterreich; Austro-Bavarian: ''Niedaöstareich'', ''Niedaestareich'') is one of the nine states of Austria, located in the northeastern corner of the country. Since 1986, the capital of Lower Austria has been Sankt P ...
, on 25 October 1939.
He was one of the greatest surgeons, teachers and clinical researchers of his time. Billroth described him as "my best student." In 1909 he founded, along with Julius Hochenegg the world's first model emergency rooms. Eiselsberg and Hochenegg are considered "fathers of the emergency rooms" (ER).
Publications
* ''Die Werkstatt des Chirurgen''. 1912.
* ''Die Hypophyse''. Vienna, 1930.
* ''Lebensweg eines Chirurgen''. Vienna, Tyrolia, 1938.
Decorations and awards
* 1903: Councillor
* 1905: Honorary Membership of the
Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh
The Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (RCSEd) is a professional organisation of surgeons. The College has seven active faculties, covering a broad spectrum of surgical, dental, and other medical practices. Its main campus is located o ...
* 1927:
Lister Medal
__NOTOC__
The Lister Medal is an award presented by the Royal College of Surgeons of England in recognition of contributions to surgical science. It is named after the English surgeon Joseph Lister (1827-1912), whose work on antiseptics establi ...
(awarded as the second prize winner) of the
Royal College of Surgeons of England
The Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCS England) is an independent professional body and registered charity that promotes and advances standards of surgical care for patients, and regulates surgery and dentistry in England and Wales. T ...
* 1931: Honorary citizen of the City of Vienna
* 1932: Honorary Member of the
Austrian Academy of Sciences
* 1932:
Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art, 1st class
The Austrian Decoration for Science and Art (german: Österreichisches Ehrenzeichen für Wissenschaft und Kunst) is a state decoration of the Republic of Austria and forms part of the Austrian national honours system.
History
The "Austrian D ...
* Seven honorary doctorates
* Komturkreuzes of the
Austrian Order of Merit
Notes
References
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External links
*
aeiou.atArticle on Eiselsberg in ÄrztewocheAustrian Cancer SocietyVan-Swieten Society
{{DEFAULTSORT:Eiselsberg, Anton
1860 births
1939 deaths
People from Wels-Land District
Austrian surgeons
Austrian neurosurgeons
Barons of Austria
Academic staff of the University of Königsberg
Academic staff of the University of Vienna
Austrian expatriates in Germany
19th-century Austrian people
20th-century Austrian people
Members of the Austrian Academy of Sciences
Recipients of the Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art, 1st class
Members of the Royal Society of Sciences in Uppsala