The Annibaldi were a powerful baronial family of

Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus (legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ...

and the

Lazio it, Laziale , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = , demographics1_info1 = , demographics1_title2 ...

in the

Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire ...

. They began to rise to prominence in the 13th century with the favour of Popes

Gregory IX Pope Gregory IX ( la, Gregorius IX; born Ugolino di Conti; c. 1145 or before 1170 – 22 August 1241) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 19 March 1227 until his death in 1241. He is known for issuing the '' Decre ...

and Alexander IV, in the vacuum left by the

Counts of Tusculum The counts of Tusculum, also known as the Theophylacti, were a family of secular noblemen from Latium that maintained a powerful position in Rome between the 10th and 12th centuries. Several popes and an antipope during the 11th century came fr ...

. In the late years of the same century they were however overwhelmed by the

Caetani The House of Caetani, or Gaetani, is the name of an Italian noble family, originally from the city of Gaeta, connected by some to the lineage of the lords of the Duchy of Gaeta, as well as to the patrician Gaetani of the Republic of Pisa. It play ...

History

The family's most outstanding figure was

Riccardo Annibaldi Riccardo is a male given name, Italian language, Italian version of Ricardo or Richard. It also may be a surname. It means "Powerful Leader". It may refer to: People A–L *Riccardo Antoniazzi (1853–1912), Italian violin maker *Riccardo Bacche ...

(1210-1276), who was created cardinal in 1237 by Gregory IX, and bought the fief of Molara. Other family lines than that originated with Riccardo were those of

Monte Compatri Monte Compatri () is a '' comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Rome in the Italian region Latium, located about southeast of Rome on the Alban Hills. It is one of the Castelli Romani. History Monte Compatri has been identified w ...

, Castel Zancato and of the

Colosseum The Colosseum ( ; it, Colosseo ) is an oval amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy, just east of the Roman Forum. It is the largest ancient amphitheatre ever built, and is still the largest standing amphitheatre in the world t ...

. Riccardo was the first protector of the

Augustinian Order Augustinians are members of Christian religious orders that follow the Rule of Saint Augustine, written in about 400 AD by Augustine of Hippo. There are two distinct types of Augustinians in Catholic religious orders dating back to the 12th–13 ...

. Another cardinal of the family was the Dominican Annibaldo degli Annibaldi (1230c.-1272c.), who completed his preliminary studies at the

Santa Sabina The Basilica of Saint Sabina ( la, Basilica Sanctae Sabinae, it, Basilica di Santa Sabina all'Aventino) is a historic church on the Aventine Hill in Rome, Italy. It is a titular minor basilica and mother church of the Roman Catholic Order of Pre ...

''studium conventuale'' in

, and later was sent to the ''

studium generale is the old customary name for a medieval university in medieval Europe. Overview There is no official definition for the term . The term ' first appeared at the beginning of the 13th century out of customary usage, and meant a place where stud ...

'' of the

Dominican Order The Order of Preachers ( la, Ordo Praedicatorum) abbreviated OP, also known as the Dominicans, is a Catholic mendicant order of Pontifical Right for men founded in Toulouse, France, by the Spanish priest, saint and mystic Dominic of ...

in Paris c. 1255. Annibaldo was an associate of

Albertus Magnus Albertus Magnus (c. 1200 – 15 November 1280), also known as Saint Albert the Great or Albert of Cologne, was a German Dominican friar, philosopher, scientist, and bishop. Later canonised as a Catholic saint, he was known during his li ...

and

Thomas Aquinas Thomas Aquinas, OP (; it, Tommaso d'Aquino, lit=Thomas of Aquino; 1225 – 7 March 1274) was an Italian Dominican friar and priest who was an influential philosopher, theologian and jurist in the tradition of scholasticism; he is known wit ...

. Thomas dedicated his ''Catena aurea'', drawn up while he was living at the Santa Sabina ''studium'', to Annibaldo Annibaldi. Annibaldo was named

Master of the Sacred Palace In the Roman Catholic Church, Theologian of the Pontifical Household ( la, Pontificalis Domus Doctor Theologus) is a Roman Curial office which has always been entrusted to a Friar Preacher of the Dominican Order and may be described as the pope's ...

Pope Innocent IV Pope Innocent IV ( la, Innocentius IV; – 7 December 1254), born Sinibaldo Fieschi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 25 June 1243 to his death in 1254. Fieschi was born in Genoa and studied at the universitie ...

in 1246. He was named a cardinal in the Consistory of May 1262, and died in 1272.Conradus Eubel, ''Hierarchia catholica medii aevi'' I, editio altera (Monasterii 1913), p. 8. Antonio Senensi, ''Chronicon Fratrum Ordinis Praedicatorum'' (Paris 1585) 114 and 157: "''Hoc tempore etiam frater Annibaldus Romanus ex magistro sacri Palatii, per Urbanum Quartum Cardinalis factus, sub titulo 12 Apostol. vir fuit eruditionis eximiae, & vitae probatissimae. Obiit in Vrbe Veteri, anno Domini 1272, et ibi requescit in conventu nostro''."

Notes

Sources

* Fedele Savio, SJ, "Gli Annibaldi di Roma nel secolo XIII," ''Studi e documenti di storia e diritto'' 17 (1896) 353–363. * Francis Roth, OESA, "Il Cardinale Riccardo Annibaldi, Primo Prottetore dell' Ordine Agostiniano," ''Augustiniana'' 2 (1952) 26–60. * Francis X. Roth, ''Cardinal Richard Annibaldi, first protector of the Augustinian Order, 1243-1276 : a study of the order before and after its Great Union in 1256'' (Louvain: Nova et Vetera, 1952-1954). * Robert Brentano, ''Rome Before Avignon: A Social History of Thirteenth Century Rome'' (New York: Basic Books 1974). * Marc Dikmans, "D' Innocent III à Boniface VIII. Histoire des Conti et des Annibaldi," ''Bulletin de l' Institut historique belge de Rome'' 45 (1975) 19-211. * Sandro Carocci, ''Baroni di Roma: Dominazioni signorili e lignaggi aristocratici nel Ducento e nel primo Trecento'' (Roma: Istituto storico italiano per il Medio Evo, 1993) ollection de l'École française de Rome, 181 * Mathias Thumser, ''Rom und der römische Adel in der späten Stauferzeit'' (Tübingen: Niemeyer 1995). * Sandro Carocci, ''La nobiltà romana nel medioevo'' (Rome: Ecole française de Rome, 2006). * Valter Lori, ''Storia di famiglie romane'' (Valter Lori 2015). {{DEFAULTSORT:Annibaldi Family Italian noble families Medieval Rome

History

See also

Notes

Sources