Anna Philanthropene (

Greek Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...

: Άννα Φιλανθρώπινη; 1395–1404) was the second Empress consort of

Manuel III of Trebizond Manuel III Megas Komnenos ( el, Μανουήλ Μέγας Κομνηνός; 16 December 13645 March 1417) was Emperor of Empire of Trebizond, Trebizond from 20 March, 1390 to his death in 1417. The major event of Manuel's reign was the arrival o ...

Family

Anna was the daughter of

Manuel Angelos Philanthropenos Manuel Angelos Philanthropenos ( el, ) was a Byzantine Greek nobleman who ruled Thessaly from c. 1390 until it was conquered by the Ottoman Turks in 1393, as a Byzantine vassal with the title of ''Caesar''. Biography Manuel was either the son or t ...

, ''

Caesar Gaius Julius Caesar (; ; 12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC), was a Roman people, Roman general and statesman. A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in Caes ...

'' of the

Byzantine Empire The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire primarily in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinopl ...

and governor of

Thessaly Thessaly ( el, Θεσσαλία, translit=Thessalía, ; ancient Thessalian: , ) is a traditional geographic and modern administrative region of Greece, comprising most of the ancient region of the same name. Before the Greek Dark Ages, Thes ...

.William Miller, ''Trebizond: The last Greek Empire of the Byzantine Era: 1204-1461'', 1926 (Chicago: Argonaut, 1969), p. 72 Manuel ruled Thessaly from c. 1390 until it was conquered by

Bayezid I Bayezid I ( ota, بايزيد اول, tr, I. Bayezid), also known as Bayezid the Thunderbolt ( ota, link=no, یلدیرم بايزيد, tr, Yıldırım Bayezid, link=no; – 8 March 1403) was the Ottoman Sultan from 1389 to 1402. He adopted ...

of the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

in 1394. Her paternal grandfather, or more likely uncle, was

Alexios Angelos Philanthropenos Alexios Angelos Philanthropenos ( el, ) was a Byzantine Greek nobleman who ruled Thessaly from 1373 until c. 1390 (from c. 1382 as a Byzantine vassal) with the title of ''Caesar''. Biography The Angeloi of Thessaly rose to prominence during the r ...

, also a ''Caesar'', who was governor of Thessaly from c. 1373 to 1390. Her maternal grandmother, or more likely aunt-in-law, was Maria Radoslava.

Empress

Gulkhan-Eudokia of Georgia Gulkhan-Eudokia ( ka, გულქან-ევდოკია) (died 2 May 1395) was the first Empress consort of Manuel III of Trebizond. Her original name was Gulkhan Khatun; Eudoxia (name), Eudokia was her Christian baptismal name. Family Gulkh ...

, Manuel's first wife and Empress consort of Trebizond died 2 May 1395. On 4 September of that year, Eudokia, Manuel's sister and the widow of Tadjeddin Pasha of

Sinop Sinop can refer to: * Sinop, Turkey, a city on the Black Sea ** Sinop Nuclear Power Plant, was planned in 2013, but cancelled in 2018 ** Battle of Sinop, 1853 naval battle in the Sinop port *** Russian ship ''Sinop'', Russian ships named after the ...

and Emir of Limnia, arrived from Constantinople at

Kordyle Cordyle or Kordyle ( grc, Κορδύλη), also called Portus Chordyle, was a town of ancient Pontus, on the Black Sea coast, 40 or 45 stadia east of Hieron Oros or Yoros. The name occurs in the ''Tabula Peutingeriana'' in the form Cordile. There a ...

with Anna Philanthropene and

Theodora Kantakouzene Theodora Komnene Kantakouzene (c. 1340 – after 1390) was the Empress consort of Alexios III of Trebizond. Family Theodora is considered a daughter of Nikephoros Kantakouzenos, '' sebastokratōr''. According to the history of their kinsman Joh ...

; these women had come to wed, respectively Manuel III and her nephew

Alexios Alexius is the Latinized form of the given name Alexios ( el, Αλέξιος, polytonic , "defender", cf. Alexander), especially common in the later Byzantine Empire. The female form is Alexia ( el, Αλεξία) and its variants such as Alessia ...

. The combined wedding took place the following day in Trebizond. The ambassador to

Tamerlane Timur ; chg, ''Aqsaq Temür'', 'Timur the Lame') or as ''Sahib-i-Qiran'' ( 'Lord of the Auspicious Conjunction'), his epithet. ( chg, ''Temür'', 'Iron'; 9 April 133617–19 February 1405), later Timūr Gurkānī ( chg, ''Temür Kür ...

Ruy Gonzáles de Clavijo Ruy may refer to: Arts and Entertainment *Ruy, the Little Cid, Spanish animated television series *Ruy Blas, a character in the eponymous tragic drama by Victor Hugo People *another form of Rui, a Portuguese male given name *another form of the S ...

met Manuel III and his family April 1404 while passing through Trebizond, and alludes to Anna Philanthropene as being alive. Manuel died on 5 March 1417; whether Anna survived him is unknown. Thierry Ganchou claims to have identified a son of Manuel and Anna, who was alive as late as 1423, and old enough to marry Eudokia, the daughter of the ''

protostrator ''Prōtostratōr'' ( el, πρωτοστράτωρ) was a Byzantine court office, originating as the imperial stable master. Its proximity to the imperial person led to a highly visible role in imperial ceremonies, and served as a springboard for ...

'' Manuel Palaiologos Kantakouzenos.Thierry Ganchou, "A propos d'un cheval de race: un dynaste de Trebizonde en exil a Constantinople au debut du XVe siècle," ''Mare et Litora: Essays Presented to Sergei Karpov for his 60th Birthday'', edited by Rustam Shukurov, (Moscow: Indrik, 2009), pp. 553-575

References

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Philanthropene, Anna 14th-century births 15th-century deaths Empresses consort of Trebizond 14th-century Byzantine women 15th-century Byzantine women

Anna Anna may refer to: People Surname and given name * Anna (name) Mononym * Anna the Prophetess, in the Gospel of Luke * Anna (wife of Artabasdos) (fl. 715–773) * Anna (daughter of Boris I) (9th–10th century) * Anna (Anisia) (fl. 1218 to 1221) ...

Year of birth unknown Year of death unknown