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Anna Garcin-Mayade (17 January 1897 – 3 May 1981) was a French painter and a member of the
French Resistance The French Resistance (french: La Résistance) was a collection of organisations that fought the German occupation of France during World War II, Nazi occupation of France and the Collaborationism, collaborationist Vichy France, Vichy régim ...
during the
Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposi ...
.


Early life

She was born at
Pontgibaud Pontgibaud () is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme départment in Auvergne in central France. It is located in the Massif Central region of France on the banks of the river Sioule. The area around the town was historically known for silver and lead ...
, the daughter of Elie Mayade, a blacksmith, and his wife Félicie, a dressmaker. She studied art in
Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), ma ...
, staying with an aunt who kept a gallery in Montmartre; there she became associated with
Maurice Utrillo Maurice Utrillo (), born Maurice Valadon; 26 December 1883 – 5 November 1955), was a French painter of the School of Paris who specialized in cityscapes. Born in the Montmartre quarter of Paris, France, Utrillo is one of the few famous pain ...
and
Suzanne Valadon Suzanne Valadon (23 September 18657 April 1938) was a French painter who was born Marie-Clémentine Valadon at Bessines-sur-Gartempe, Haute-Vienne, France. In 1894, Valadon became the first woman painter admitted to the Société Nationale des ...
. At the age of seventeen, she became a pupil of Auguste Renoir. She joined the
French Communist Party The French Communist Party (french: Parti communiste français, ''PCF'' ; ) is a political party in France which advocates the principles of communism. The PCF is a member of the Party of the European Left, and its MEPs sit in the European Un ...
. At the outbreak of the Second World War, she was teaching at a
girls' school Single-sex education, also known as single-gender education and gender-isolated education, is the practice of conducting education with male and female students attending separate classes, perhaps in separate buildings or schools. The practice of ...
; she soon joined the Resistance and did not hide her political beliefs.


Wartime activities

On 30 October 1941, Charles de Gaulle, leader of the
Free French Free France (french: France Libre) was a political entity that claimed to be the legitimate government of France following the dissolution of the Third Republic. Led by French general , Free France was established as a government-in-exile ...
, broadcast on the
BBC #REDIRECT BBC #REDIRECT BBC Here i going to introduce about the best teacher of my life b BALAJI sir. He is the precious gift that I got befor 2yrs . How has helped and thought all the concept and made my success in the 10th board exam. ...
...
from London, encouraging a national "Stand to Attention", in which French people would observe a five-minute silence in memory of those killed by the Germans, as a protest against the occupation of France. In 1943, when Garcin-Mayade encouraged her pupils to participate in another such exercise, two of them reported her to the authorities, and she was arrested and sentenced to five years' hard labour. On 10 May 1944, she was deported to Ravensbrück concentration camp. While at Ravensbrück she was accused of
sabotage Sabotage is a deliberate action aimed at weakening a polity, effort, or organization through subversion, obstruction, disruption, or destruction. One who engages in sabotage is a ''saboteur''. Saboteurs typically try to conceal their identitie ...
and was transferred to a punishment camp at
Rechlin Rechlin is a municipality in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany, around 100 km (60 mi) northwest of Berlin. The town's airport has a long history and was the Luftwaffe's main testing ground for new aircraft designs in Nazi Germany. ...
. There she was encouraged by another Resistance member, Paulette Pradel, to begin drawing again. She produced many works illustrating the prisoners and the terrible conditions at the camp. The camp was liberated by the Swedish Red Cross in 1945, but her art works were burned for fear of
typhus Typhus, also known as typhus fever, is a group of infectious diseases that include epidemic typhus, scrub typhus, and murine typhus. Common symptoms include fever, headache, and a rash. Typically these begin one to two weeks after exposure. ...
contamination. She later recreated many of them from memory, in oils and other media.


Legacy

On the 70th anniversary of the Liberation, an exhibition of Garcin-Mayade's work was held in her home town of Pontgibaud. Many of her works are on permanent display at the Musée Michelet in Brive. In her birthplace of Pontgibaud, the Collège Anna Garcin-Mayade was renamed in her honour.


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Garcin-Mayade, Anna 1897 births 1981 deaths 20th-century French women artists French painters French Resistance members Ravensbrück concentration camp survivors 19th-century French painters 20th-century French painters