Animesh Ray
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Animesh Ray is a professor of
computational Computation is any type of arithmetic or non-arithmetic calculation that follows a well-defined model (e.g., an algorithm). Mechanical or electronic devices (or, historically, people) that perform computations are known as ''computers''. An espe ...
and
molecular biology Molecular biology is the branch of biology that seeks to understand the molecular basis of biological activity in and between cells, including biomolecular synthesis, modification, mechanisms, and interactions. The study of chemical and physi ...
at Keck Graduate Institute.


Early life

Animesh Ray was born in a suburb of Calcutta (now Kolkata), which used to be a French colony in India, to parents both of whom had their ancestral homes in East Bengal (now Bangladesh). He studied in a Bengali medium high school, and then at Presidency College (now Presidency University). After his undergraduate studies, he went to Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi, to obtain a Master of Science in the new School of Life Sciences. He obtained his Ph.D. in
microbial genetics Microbial genetics is a subject area within microbiology and genetic engineering. Microbial genetics studies microorganisms for different purposes. The microorganisms that are observed are bacteria, and archaea. Some fungi and protozoa are also s ...
from
Monash University Monash University () is a public research university based in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Named for prominent World War I general Sir John Monash, it was founded in 1958 and is the second oldest university in the state. The university h ...
. From 1984 to 1988 he was a postdoctoral researcher in the Institute of Molecular Biology at the University of Oregon, Eugene, USA, in the laboratory of Professor Franklin W. Stahl. He was a postdoctoral fellow at the Department of Biology of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (
MIT The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private land-grant research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Established in 1861, MIT has played a key role in the development of modern technology and science, and is one of the m ...
) from 1989 to 1991, in the laboratory of Professor Ethan Signer. From 1991 to 1995 he was an assistant professor at
University of Rochester The University of Rochester (U of R, UR, or U of Rochester) is a private university, private research university in Rochester, New York. The university grants Undergraduate education, undergraduate and graduate degrees, including Doctorate, do ...
and then was its associate professor from 1996 to 2001. He joined Keck Graduate Institute as a professor in 2001. From 2001 to 2004 he was also an adjunct professor at the
University of California, San Diego The University of California, San Diego (UC San Diego or colloquially, UCSD) is a public land-grant research university in San Diego, California. Established in 1960 near the pre-existing Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego is t ...
and during the same years was a visiting professor at the University of Rochester. In 2009 he became a visiting professor at
Institute for Systems Biology Institute for Systems Biology (ISB) is a non-profit research institution located in Seattle, Washington, United States. ISB concentrates on systems biology, the study of relationships and interactions between various parts of biological systems, ...
and
University of Hyderabad The University of Hyderabad (IAST: ''Hydarāvād visvavidyālayamu'') is a top ranking public central research university located in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. Founded in 1974, this mostly residential campus has more than 5,000 students a ...
and currently works as director of Ph.D. programs at Keck Graduate Institute as well as the Center for Network Studies. Since 2009, he also has been an adjunct professor at the Center for Computational Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, and at the School of Mathematical Sciences at the Claremont Graduate University in Claremont, California.


Career

Since 1985 Animesh Ray has studied the mechanisms of DNA recombination. In 1989 Animesh Ray published on mechanisms of homologous recombination induced by a DNA double-strand break using
HIS3 The HIS3 gene, found in the ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' yeast, encodes a protein called Imidazoleglycerol-phosphate dehydratase which catalyses the sixth step in histidine biosynthesis. It is analogous to hisB in ''Escherichia coli''. Exploi ...
gene of ''
Saccharomyces cerevisiae ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' () (brewer's yeast or baker's yeast) is a species of yeast (single-celled fungus microorganisms). The species has been instrumental in winemaking, baking, and brewing since ancient times. It is believed to have b ...
'' and suggested that its
chromosome A chromosome is a long DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism. In most chromosomes the very long thin DNA fibers are coated with packaging proteins; in eukaryotic cells the most important of these proteins are ...
s produce double chain break during DNA recombination. From 1995 to 2002, he conducted research on computing with DNA. In May 1997 he and Mitsunori Ogihara discovered DNA based computers can perform massively parallel computations. In June 1997 Animesh Ray suggested that
gametophyte A gametophyte () is one of the two alternating multicellular phases in the life cycles of plants and algae. It is a haploid multicellular organism that develops from a haploid spore that has one set of chromosomes. The gametophyte is the ...
is responsible for pollen tube guidance but also mentioned that it might be indirectly accomplished. In 2002 he studied
ovule In seed plants, the ovule is the structure that gives rise to and contains the female reproductive cells. It consists of three parts: the '' integument'', forming its outer layer, the ''nucellus'' (or remnant of the megasporangium), and the ...
of '' Arabidopsis thaliana'' and discovered a new type of gene regulation, involving post-transcriptional gene silencing, through a gene called
DCL1 DCL1 (an abbreviation of Dicer-like 1) is a gene in plants that codes for the DCL1 protein, a ribonuclease III enzyme involved in processing double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and microRNA (miRNA). Although DCL1, also called Endoribonuclease Dicer homolog ...
which is required for
RNA silencing RNA silencing or RNA interference refers to a family of gene silencing effects by which gene expression is negatively regulated by non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs. RNA silencing may also be defined as sequence-specific regulation of gene express ...
all multicellular organisms, including plants, in ''
Drosophila ''Drosophila'' () is a genus of flies, belonging to the family Drosophilidae, whose members are often called "small fruit flies" or (less frequently) pomace flies, vinegar flies, or wine flies, a reference to the characteristic of many speci ...
'' and ''
Caenorhabditis ''Caenorhabditis'' is a genus of nematodes which live in bacteria-rich environments like compost piles, decaying dead animals and rotting fruit. The name comes from Greek: caeno- (καινός (caenos) = new, recent); rhabditis = rod-like (ῥά ...
''. In 2007 he and his students used ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' to track a footprint of broken DNA and suggested that the genes move from one locus to another. In 2011 he suggested that microRNA gene, miR-34b can be of use to diagnose melanoma.


Awards

Animesh Ray has had numerous awards from the National Science Foundation since 1993, which include an over three million dolla
research award in 2002
from the division of Computing and Communication Foundation (CCF), and a year 200
award
for over $4.8 million on a project within the Frontiers in Biological Research (FIBR) program of NSF. In 2009 Animesh Ray and Ali Nadim were awarded $100,000 grant from the
National Science Foundation The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent agency of the United States government that supports fundamental research and education in all the non-medical fields of science and engineering. Its medical counterpart is the National ...
. Dr. Animesh Ray was awarded the NIH Director's award for innovative research in 202


References


External links

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Professor Animesh Ray to Speak at Caltech/MIT Enterprise Forum
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ray, Animesh Living people 20th-century births Monash University alumni University of Rochester faculty University of California, San Diego faculty Year of birth missing (living people)