Classification
Crush fetishists have used terms to classify crushing, on the basis of the object subjected to the crushing: * 'Soft crush' – crushing of inanimate objects and invertebrates. This is the most common form. Most exclusive soft crush fetishists prefer to distinguish themselves from other crush fetishists, believing that other crush fetishists give them an unduly negative reputation. * 'Hard crush' – crushing of non-human vertebrates. This is considered more cruel than soft crush as vertebrates are generally believed to have a greater capacity to suffer pain.Crush films
General
Crush films are videos produced for sexual gratification of crush fetishists. In crush films, the crushing agent is typically a woman, who will concentrate her body weight upon her feet to compress the object against the floor. The feet are typically dressed in sexually suggestive dominatrix-like footwear, such as high-heels and lace stockings, but other footwear or barefoot, bare feet may be used. This recalls elements of both foot fetishism and BDSM culture. Jeff Vilencia is one known director of crush films, such as ''Smush!'' Vilencia, along with many other fetishists, has loved to see invertebrates crushed since a young age; he claims that when he was 2–3 years old, he repeatedly attempted to get people to step on him.Legal status
The legality of crush films and the actual practice of crushing varies by region; however, many have been posted on web sites and are available for download via the Internet, making the control of their distribution difficult. The production or trade of crush erotica involving vertebrates is condemned by opponents of Cruelty to animals, animal cruelty and is illegal in many countries including the United States.United States
In 1999, the United States Congress enacted a statute affecting the legality of crush films which criminalized the creation, sale, and possession of depictions of animal cruelty, though with an exception for "any depiction that has serious religious, political, scientific, educational, journalistic, historical, or artistic value." In 2008, the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit invalidated the ban on the sale and possession of such films (if not otherwise obscene) as a violation of the Constitution's guarantee for Freedom of speech in the United States, freedom of speech. The United States Supreme Court affirmed the Third Circuit's decision in ''United States v. Stevens'', finding the law unconstitutional because the law was so broad and vague that it included any portrayal of an animal in or being harmed such as by hunting or disease. On November 28, 2010, bill H.R. 5566, which prohibits interstate commerce in animal crush films, was passed by the House of Representatives and the Senate, and on December 9, the bill was signed by President Obama becoming the Animal Crush Video Prohibition Act of 2010. On September 8, 2015, a Houston woman pleaded guilty in the nation's first federal animal crush video case. On November 25, 2019, President Donald Trump signed the Preventing Animal Cruelty and Torture Act (PACT Act) into law, making animal “crushing” and sexual abuse of animals a federal felony if the offense is in or affecting foreign or interstate commerce, or if it is committed on federally owned property, such as national parks, federal prisons, and military bases. While the law does not supersede state or local ordinance, a PACT conviction does provide for federal fines and imprisonment of up to seven years. The PACT act defines animal crushing as when "one or more living non-human mammals, birds, reptiles or amphibians is purposely crushed, burned, drowned, suffocated, impaled or otherwise subjected to serious bodily injury."United Kingdom
Although the majority of films are thought to originate in the United States, the first arrest in the UK was made in 2002. The industry is estimated to generate hundreds of thousands of pounds' worth of sales.China
In 2006 an Internet crush video surfaced in which a woman stomps on a kitten with stiletto high-heels. Eventually the woman drives her heel into the kitten's eye and penetrates the eye socket, leading to loss of blood and the death of the kitten. Internet users discovered and revealed the identity of the woman, and revealed that the cameraman was a provincial television employee. The nurse posted an apology on the Luobei city government website, claiming that she was susceptible to persuasion to crush the kitten, being despondent from her recent divorce. Both the nurse and the cameraman lost their jobs as a result of the incident, although their actions were not illegal under the country's animal cruelty laws.See also
* Animal abuse * Macrophilia * Paraphilia * Shock video * Vorarephilia * ZoosadismReferences
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