The Angkuic languages are spoken in
Yunnan
Yunnan , () is a landlocked province in the southwest of the People's Republic of China. The province spans approximately and has a population of 48.3 million (as of 2018). The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders the C ...
province,
China and
Shan State
Shan State ( my, ရှမ်းပြည်နယ်, ; shn, မိူင်းတႆး, italics=no) also known by the endonyms Shanland, Muang Tai, and Tailong, is a state of Myanmar. Shan State borders China (Yunnan) to the north, Laos ( ...
,
Burma
Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John Wells explai ...
.
Languages
*
U (P'uman)
*
Hu (Kongge, Kun'ge, Kon Keu)
*
Man Met (Kemie)
*
Mok
*
Muak Sa-aak
*
Va
*
Mong Lue (Tai Loi) ?
Classification
Andrew Hsiu (2015)
[Hsiu, Andrew. 2015]
''The Angkuic languages: a preliminary survey''
Paper presented ICAAL 6 (6th International Conference on Austroasiatic Linguistics), Siem Reap, Cambodia. proposes the following tentative classification scheme for the Angkuic languages.
;Angkuic
*''Eastern'' (
Va)
**
Va, Northern
**
Va, Southern
*''Northern'' (
U)
**Xiaoheijiang
U (Alva, Auva,
U of Shuangjiang)
**Northeastern
U (P’uman, Avala)
**Northwestern
U
*''Southern'' (?)
**
Man Met
**
Hu
**
Muak Sa-aak
**Angku (?)
*''Dagun'' (?)
Hsiu (2015) suggests that the Angkuic languages originated in the Mekong River valley in the
Sipsongpanna
Xishuangbanna, Sibsongbanna or Sipsong Panna ( Tham: , New Tai Lü script: ; ; th, สิบสองปันนา; lo, ສິບສອງພັນນາ; shn, သိပ်းသွင်ပၼ်းၼႃး; my, စစ်ဆောင် ...
area, and subsequently dispersed upstream into western and central Yunnan.
Lexical innovations
Hsiu (2015)
lists the following lexical innovations in each Angkuic branch. Proto-Palaungic reconstructions are from Sidwell (2015).
References and notes
*
Sidwell, Paul. 2009. ''Classifying the Austroasiatic languages: history and state of the art''. LINCOM studies in Asian linguistics, 76. Munich: Lincom Europa.
*Sidwell, Paul. 2015
The Palaungic Languages: Classification, Reconstruction and Comparative Lexicon München: Lincom Europa.
Bibliography
''Sources with lexical data of Angkuic languages''
*Chen Guoqing
国庆 2005. ''A study of Kemie''
蔑语研究 Beijing: Ethnic Publishing House
族出版社
*Hall, Elizabeth. 2010.
A Phonology of Muak Sa-aak'. M.A. thesis. Chiang Mai, Thailand: Payap University.
*Li Daoyong
道勇 et al. (eds). 1986. ''A sketch of the Bulang language''
朗语简志 Beijing: Ethnic Publishing House
族出版社
*Li Jinfang
锦芳 2006. ''Studies on endangered languages in the Southwest China''
南地区濒危语言调查研究 Beijing: Minzu University
央民族大学出版社
*Luce, Gordon. n.d. ''Field notes''. m.s. Available online at http://sealang.net/archives/luce/
*Luce, Gordon. n.d. ''Comparative lexicon For Austroasiatic list: Wa - Danang Palaung - En - Amok - Möng-Lwe-Hkamuk - Angku - Wa Kut - Son''. m.s.
*Luce, Gordon. n.d. ''Comparative lexicon: P'uman - Wa - La - Vü - Tailoi - Angku - Hkamuk - K'amu - Khmous - Lamet - P'eng (T'eng) - Nañang (Wa-Khmuk-Lemet Group (i))''. m.s.
*Simao Prefecture Ethnic Minority Affairs Bureau
茂行署民族事务委员会编 1991. ''A study of the Bulang people''
朗族研究 Kunming: Yunnan People's Press
南人民出版社
*Svantesson, Jan-Olof. 1988. "U." In ''Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area'', 11, no. 1: 64-133.
*Svantesson, Jan-Olof. 1991. "Hu - a Language with Unorthodox Tonogenesis." In ''Austroasiatic Languages, Essays in honour of H. L. Shorto'', edited by Jeremy H.C.S. Davidson. 67-80. School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London.
*Wang Xingzhong
兴中& Zhao Weihua
卫华 2013. ''Geography and multilingualism in Lincang''
沧地理与双语使用 Kunming: Yunnan People's Press
南人民出版社
*Yan Qixiang
其香& Zhou Zhizhi
植志 2012. ''Mon-Khmer languages of China and the Austroasiatic family''
国孟高棉语族语言与南亚语系 Beijing: Social Sciences Academy Press
会科学文献出版社
''Gazetteers and other Chinese government sources with lexical data''
*Nanjian County Gazetteer Commission
涧县志编纂委员会编(ed). 1993. ''Nanjian County Gazetteer''
涧彝族自治县志 Chengdu: Sichuan Reference Press
川辞书出版社
*Na Ruzhen
汝珍 et al. (eds). 1994. ''Zhenkang County Ethnic Gazetteer''
康县民族志 Kunming: Yunnan People's Press
南民族出版社
*Simao Prefecture Ethnic Minority Affairs Bureau
茅行暑民族事务委员会(ed). 1990. ''A study of the Bulang people''
朗族研究 m.s.
*Simao Prefecture Ethnic Minority Affairs Bureau
茅行暑民族事务委员会(ed). 1991. ''A study of the Bulang people''
朗族研究 Kunming: Yunnan People's Press
南人民出版社
*Xiao Dehua
德虎 et al. (eds). 1992. ''Zhenkang County Gazetteer''
康县志 1992. Chengdu: Sichuan People's Press
川民族出版社
*Yunnan Gazetteer Commission
南省地方志编纂委员会(ed). 1998. ''Yunnan Provincial Gazetteer, Vol. 59: Minority Languages Orthographies Gazetteer''
南省志. 卷五十九, 少数民族语言文字志 Kunming: Yunnan People's Press
南人民出版社
''Geographic information (village locations)''
*Tao Yuming
玉明 2012. ''The Bulang people of China''
国布朗族 Yinchuan: Ningxia People's Press
夏人民出版社
{{authority control
Languages of Myanmar
Languages of China
*
Blang people