Angelika Helene Anna Nußberger (born 1 June 1963 in

Munich Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the States of Germany, German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the List of cities in Germany by popu ...

) is a German professor of law and scholar of

Slavic studies Slavic (American English) or Slavonic (British English) studies, also known as Slavistics is the academic field of area studies concerned with Slavic areas, languages, literature, history, and culture. Originally, a Slavist or Slavicist was prim ...

, and was the judge in respect of

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...

at the

European Court of Human Rights The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR or ECtHR), also known as the Strasbourg Court, is an international court of the Council of Europe which interprets the European Convention on Human Rights. The court hears applications alleging that a ...

from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2019; from 2017 to 2019 she was the Court’s Vice-President. She had previously been

Vice-Rector A rector (Latin for 'ruler') is a senior official in an educational institution, and can refer to an official in either a university or a secondary school. Outside the English-speaking world the rector is often the most senior official in a un ...

of the

University of Cologne The University of Cologne (german: Universität zu Köln) is a university in Cologne, Germany. It was established in the year 1388 and is one of the most prestigious and research intensive universities in Germany. It was the sixth university to ...

. Currently she is Director of the Institute of Eastern European Law and Comparative Law of the

Early life

Nußberger was born in

and studied

slavic languages The Slavic languages, also known as the Slavonic languages, are Indo-European languages spoken primarily by the Slavic peoples and their descendants. They are thought to descend from a proto-language called Proto-Slavic, spoken during the Ear ...

as well as

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ger ...

and

French literature French literature () generally speaking, is literature written in the French language, particularly by citizens of France; it may also refer to literature written by people living in France who speak traditional languages of France other than Fr ...

at the

University of Munich The Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (simply University of Munich or LMU; german: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München) is a public research university in Munich, Germany. It is Germany's List of universities in Germany, sixth-oldest u ...

from 1982 to 1987 and Law from 1984 to 1989 at the same university. She passed the first state exam in Munich in 1989 and the second state exam in

Heidelberg Heidelberg (; Palatine German language, Palatine German: ''Heidlberg'') is a city in the States of Germany, German state of Baden-Württemberg, situated on the river Neckar in south-west Germany. As of the 2016 census, its population was 159,914 ...

in 1993. In the same year, she was awarded a

doctorate A doctorate (from Latin ''docere'', "to teach"), doctor's degree (from Latin ''doctor'', "teacher"), or doctoral degree is an academic degree awarded by universities and some other educational institutions, derived from the ancient formalism ''l ...

by the

University of Würzburg The Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg (also referred to as the University of Würzburg, in German ''Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg'') is a public research university in Würzburg, Germany. The University of Würzburg is one of ...

for a dissertation on Soviet constitutional law during the transition period.

Career

From 1993 to 2001, Nußberger worked at the

Max Planck Society The Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (german: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e. V.; abbreviated MPG) is a formally independent non-governmental and non-profit association of German research institutes. ...

Institute for International and Comparative Social Law, including a period as visiting researcher at

Harvard University Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1636 as Harvard College and named for its first benefactor, the Puritan clergyman John Harvard, it is the oldest institution of higher le ...

from 1994 to 1995. From 2001 to 2002, she worked as a legal adviser at the

Council of Europe The Council of Europe (CoE; french: Conseil de l'Europe, ) is an international organisation founded in the wake of World War II to uphold European Convention on Human Rights, human rights, democracy and the Law in Europe, rule of law in Europe. ...

Strasbourg Strasbourg (, , ; german: Straßburg ; gsw, label=Bas Rhin Alsatian, Strossburi , gsw, label=Haut Rhin Alsatian, Strossburig ) is the prefecture and largest city of the Grand Est region of eastern France and the official seat of the Eu ...

. In 2002, Nußberger achieved her ''

habilitation Habilitation is the highest university degree, or the procedure by which it is achieved, in many European countries. The candidate fulfills a university's set criteria of excellence in research, teaching and further education, usually including a ...

'', the highest academic qualification a scholar can achieve in Germany, with a thesis on

public international law International law (also known as public international law and the law of nations) is the set of rules, norms, and standards generally recognized as binding between states. It establishes normative guidelines and a common conceptual framework for ...

. In October 2002, she was appointed Professor at the Faculty of Law of the

and as Director of the Institute of Eastern European Law. In 2009, she was elected

(deputy to the

Rector Rector (Latin for the member of a vessel's crew who steers) may refer to: Style or title *Rector (ecclesiastical), a cleric who functions as an administrative leader in some Christian denominations *Rector (academia), a senior official in an edu ...

) of the university with the newly created position of Vize-Rector for Academic Careers, Diversity and International Affairs. She has been a member of the

International Labour Organization The International Labour Organization (ILO) is a United Nations agency whose mandate is to advance social and economic justice by setting international labour standards. Founded in October 1919 under the League of Nations, it is the first and o ...

's Committee of Experts on the Application of Conventions and Recommendations from 2004 to 2010, and a deputy member of the

Venice Commission The Venice Commission, officially European Commission for Democracy through Law, is an advisory body of the Council of Europe, composed of independent experts in the field of constitutional law. It was created in 1990 after the fall of the Berlin ...

from 2006 to 2010. In 2010, she was awarded an

honorary doctorate An honorary degree is an academic degree for which a university (or other degree-awarding institution) has waived all of the usual requirements. It is also known by the Latin phrases ''honoris causa'' ("for the sake of the honour") or ''ad hon ...

Tbilisi State University Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University ( ka, ივანე ჯავახიშვილის სახელობის თბილისის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტი ''Ivane Javaxishvi ...

Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States Georgia may also refer to: Places Historical states and entities * Related to the ...

, the

Schader Award The Schader Award is a German award bestowed annually on a social scientist. It is awarded by the Schader foundation of Darmstadt. The foundation and its award are founded by and named for Alois M. Schader, and comes with a 15,000 Euro prize. Past ...

in 2015 and an

Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu Lucian of Samosata, '; la, Lucianus Samosatensis ( 125 – after 180) was a Hellenized Syrian satirist, rhetorician and pamphleteer who is best known for his characteristic tongue-in-cheek style, with which he frequently ridiculed superstitio ...

Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, S ...

in 2019. On 22 June 2010, Nußberger was elected by the

Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe The Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) is the parliamentary arm of the Council of Europe, a 46-nation international organisation dedicated to upholding human rights, democracy and the rule of law. The Assembly is made up o ...

judge on behalf of Germany at the

, succeeding

Renate Jaeger Renate Jaeger (born 30 December 1940) is a German lawyer and a former List of judges and sections of the European Court of Human Rights, judge of the European Court of Human Rights. Her term at the Court expired on 30 December 2010. Early life Ja ...

, previously judge of the

Federal Constitutional Court of Germany The Federal Constitutional Court (german: link=no, Bundesverfassungsgericht ; abbreviated: ) is the supreme constitutional court for the Federal Republic of Germany, established by the constitution or Basic Law () of Germany. Since its inc ...

. Nußberger has been elected as Vice-President of the Court in February 2017. In January 2020 Nußberger was appointed as member of the

for Germany. In February 2020, she was appointed by the

ECtHR The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR or ECtHR), also known as the Strasbourg Court, is an international court of the Council of Europe which interprets the European Convention on Human Rights. The court hears applications alleging that a c ...

to succeed to

Giovanni Grasso Giovanni Grasso (11 November 1888 – 30 April 1963) was an Italian stage and film actor. He appeared in more than 80 films between 1910 and 1955. He was born and died in Catania, Sicily, Italy. Born into a family of marionettists, he was ...

as international judge to the

Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina The Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, Ustavni sud Bosne i Hercegovine, Уставни суд Босне и Херцеговине) is the interpreter and guardian of the Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina, It ...

and in July 2020 as member of the "Commission de réflexion sur la Cour de cassation 2020-2030" to elaborate on reforms regarding the french

Court of Cassation (France) The Court of Cassation (french: Cour de cassation ) is one of the four courts of last resort in France. It has jurisdiction over all civil and criminal matters triable in the judicial system; it is the supreme court of appeal in these cases. I ...

Research

Nußberger's research interests focus on German and European

fundamental rights Fundamental rights are a group of rights that have been recognized by a high degree of protection from encroachment. These rights are specifically identified in a constitution, or have been found under due process of law. The United Nations' Sustai ...

and

International Human Rights International human rights law (IHRL) is the body of international law designed to promote human rights on social, regional, and domestic levels. As a form of international law, international human rights law are primarily made up of treaties, ag ...

in addition to

Comparative In general linguistics, the comparative is a syntactic construction that serves to express a comparison between two (or more) entities or groups of entities in quality or degree - see also comparison (grammar) for an overview of comparison, as wel ...

Constitutional Law Constitutional law is a body of law which defines the role, powers, and structure of different entities within a State (polity), state, namely, the executive (government), executive, the parliament or legislature, and the judiciary; as well as th ...

and the impact of

International Law International law (also known as public international law and the law of nations) is the set of rules, norms, and standards generally recognized as binding between states. It establishes normative guidelines and a common conceptual framework for ...

on the legal development in Central- and

Eastern Europe Eastern Europe is a subregion of the Europe, European continent. As a largely ambiguous term, it has a wide range of geopolitical, geographical, ethnic, cultural, and socio-economic connotations. The vast majority of the region is covered by Russ ...

Other activities

* Association of German Jurists, Member of the Board * Schader Foundation, Member of the Senate * Max Planck Institute for Foreign and International Criminal Law, Member of the Board of Trustees * Association of German Constitutional Law Professors, Member * Gesellschaft für Rechtspolitik (GfR), Member of the Presidium * International Academy of Comparative Law, Member * Studienstiftung des Deutschen Volkes, Alumna

Recognition

* 2010 Honorary Doctorate,

* 2015:

* 2019: Honorary Doctorate,

, Romania * 2019: Member of the

North Rhine-Westphalian Academy of Sciences, Humanities and the Arts The North Rhine-Westphalia Academy for Sciences and Arts (''Nordrhein-Westfälische Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Künste'') is a learned society in Düsseldorf Düsseldorf ( , , ; often in English sources; Low Franconian and Ripua ...

* 2019: Laureate of the Arthur-Burkhardt-Award * 2019: Laureate of the Honorary Certificat of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan * 2019: Member of the French

Legion of Honour The National Order of the Legion of Honour (french: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour ('), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil. Established in 1802 by Napoleon, ...

* 2020: Honorary Bencher at

Lincoln's Inn The Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn is one of the four Inns of Court in London to which barristers of England and Wales belong and where they are called to the Bar. (The other three are Middle Temple, Inner Temple and Gray's Inn.) Lincoln ...

Publications

Monograph

* ''The European Court of Human Rights'', Oxford 2020, * ''Sozialstandards im Völkerrecht. Eine Studie zu Entwicklung und Bedeutung der Normsetzung der Vereinten Nationen, der Internationalen Arbeitsorganisation und des Europarats zu Fragen des Sozialschutzes'' (''Social standards in public international law: a study of the development and significance of the standards set by the United Nations, the International Labour Organisation and the Council of Europe with regard to social protection''), Berlin 2005 * ''Das Völkerrecht: Geschichte, Institutionen, Perspektiven'',(''Public International Law. History, Institutions, Outlook'') München 2009, . * ''Das System Putin. Gelenkte Demokratie und politische Justiz in Russland'' (''The Putin System: controlled democracy and political justice in Russia''), (with Margareta Mommsen) Munich 2007, . * ''Verfassungskontrolle in der Sowjetunion und in Deutschland. Eine rechtsvergleichende Gegenüberstellung des Komitet Konstitucionnogo Nadzora und des Bundesverfassungsgerichts'' (''Constitutional controls in the Soviet Union and in Germany: a comparative study of the confrontation between the Komitet Konstitucionnogo Nadzora and the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany''), Baden-Baden 1994, .

Publisher

* ''Einführung in das russische Recht'', (''Introduction to Russian Law'') München 2010, . * Bewusstes Erinnern und bewusstes Vergessen. Der juristische Umgang mit der Vergangenheit in den Ländern Mittel- und Osteuropas, (''Conscious remembrance and conscious oblivion. The legal approach of handling the history in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe''), (with Caroline von Gall), Tübingen 2011, .

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Nussberger, Angelika 1963 births Harvard University alumni Judges of the European Court of Human Rights Living people Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich alumni Members of the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences People from Munich Slavists University of Würzburg alumni Academic staff of the University of Cologne German women judges 20th-century German educators 21st-century German judges German judges of international courts and tribunals Jurists from Bavaria 21st-century women judges German women non-fiction writers