Anganamón, also known as ''Ancanamon'' or ''Ancanamun'',

Vicente Carvallo y Goyeneche Vicente Carvallo y Goyeneche (1742–1816) was a Chilean soldier, author and historian of Basque descent, born in Valdivia. Author of the ''Descripcion Histórico Geografía del Reino de Chile'', covering the history and geography of the Captaincy ...

''Descripcion histórico-jeográfica del Reino de Chile, TOMO I''; ''Coleccion de historiadores de Chile, Tomo VIII'', IMPRENTA DE LA LIBRERÍA DEL MERCURIO de A. y M. Echeverria, Morando Núm. 38., Santiago,1878
Tomo I was a prominent war leader of the

Mapuche The Mapuche ( (Mapuche & Spanish: )) are a group of indigenous inhabitants of south-central Chile and southwestern Argentina, including parts of Patagonia. The collective term refers to a wide-ranging ethnicity composed of various groups who sha ...

during the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries and a

Toqui Toqui (or Toki) ( Mapudungun for ''axe'' or ''axe-bearer'') is a title conferred by the Mapuche (an indigenous Chilean and Argentinian people) on those chosen as leaders during times of war. The toqui is chosen in an assembly or parliament ('' ...

from (1612 - 1613). Anganamón was known for his tactical innovation of mounting his infantry to keep up with his cavalry. Anganamón is said to have participated in the

Battle of Curalaba The Battle of Curalaba ( es, Batalla de Curalaba, links=no ) is a 1598 battle and ambush where Mapuche people led by Pelantaru soundly defeated Spanish conquerors led by Martín García Óñez de Loyola at Curalaba, southern Chile. In Chilean ...

on December 23 of 1598, which killed the Governor of Chile

Martín García Oñez de Loyola Martin may refer to: Places * Martin City (disambiguation) * Martin County (disambiguation) * Martin Township (disambiguation) Antarctica * Martin Peninsula, Marie Byrd Land * Port Martin, Adelie Land * Point Martin, South Orkney Islands Austral ...

. In April 1599 he led the attack on

Boroa Boroa, is a town in Araucanía, Chile on the shores of Cautín River. The region near the town south of the Cautin River between the Boroa and Quepe Rivers was the Moluche aillarehue of Boroa. The site of the town was founded as a Spanish fort '' ...

near La Imperial, where six Spanish soldiers and indigenous auxiliaries were killed. With

Pelantaro Pelantaro or Pelantarú (; from arn, pelontraru, lit=Shining Caracara) was one of the vice toquis of Paillamachu, the ''toqui'' or military leader of the Mapuche people during the Mapuche uprising in 1598. Pelantaro and his lieutenants Angana ...

and Aillavilú he fought a pitched battle with the troops of Governor

Alonso García de Ramón Alonso García de Ramón (c. 1552 – August 5, 1610) was a Spanish soldier and twice Royal Governor of Chile: first temporarily from July 1600 to February 1601, and then from March 1605 to August 1610. He was born in Cuenca, Spain in 155 ...

in late 1609. Ramón was victorious but not without great effort. Within two years a new Spanish policy prevailed "

Defensive War A defensive war (german: Verteidigungskrieg) is one of the causes that justify war by the criteria of the Just War tradition. It means a war where at least one nation is mainly trying to defend itself from another, as opposed to a war where both s ...

" inspired by the Jesuit

Luis de Valdivia Luis de Valdivia (; 1560 – November 5, 1642) was a Spanish Jesuit missionary who defended the rights of the natives of Chile and pleaded for the reduction of the hostilities with the Mapuches in the Arauco War. Following the 1598 revolt of the M ...

who believed it was a way to end the interminable war with the Mapuche. The Toqui at that time was Anganamón. Valdivia's bid to end the war with the Mapuche foundered following the Martyrdom of Elicura in December 1612, an event in which the spears of Anganamón's men killed priests Horacio Vechi and Diego de Montalvan, Valdivia's emissaries to the Mapuche, in an act of revenge when the Spanish did not return his two wives and two daughters that had escaped to Spanish territory.

References

* Carlos Gispert (2000) - Enciclopedia de Chile, Diccionario, Tomo 1. Editorial OCEAN.

Notes

16th-century births 17th-century deaths Captaincy General of Chile People of the Arauco War 16th-century Mapuche people 17th-century Mapuche people Indigenous leaders of the Americas Warriors of Central and South America {{SouthAm-ethno-group-stub