André Marie Jean Jacques Dupin (1 February 17838 November 1865), commonly called Dupin the Elder, was a French advocate,
president
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*'' Præsident ...
of the
chamber of deputies
The chamber of deputies is the lower house in many bicameral legislatures and the sole house in some unicameral legislatures.
Description
Historically, French Chamber of Deputies was the lower house of the French Parliament during the Bourb ...
and of the
Legislative Assembly.
Dupin was born at
Varzy, in the
Nièvre
Nièvre () is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region, central-east France. Named after the river Nièvre, it had a population of 204,452 in 2019.[département
In the administrative divisions of France, the department (, ) is one of the three levels of government under the national level (" territorial collectivities"), between the administrative regions and the communes. There are a total of 101 ...]
'', in France. He was educated by his father, who was a lawyer of eminence, and at an early age he became principal clerk of an attorney at Paris. On the establishment of the Académie de Legislation he entered it as pupil from Nièvre. In 1800 he was made advocate, and in 1802, when the schools of
law
Law is a set of rules that are created and are enforceable by social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior, with its precise definition a matter of longstanding debate. It has been variously described as a science and as the ar ...
were opened, he received successively the degrees of licentiate and doctor from the new faculty. He was in 1810 an unsuccessful candidate for the chair of law at Paris, and in 1811 he also failed to obtain the office of advocate-general at the
Court of Cassation
A court of cassation is a high-instance court that exists in some judicial systems. Courts of cassation do not re-examine the facts of a case; they only interpret the relevant law. In this, they are appellate courts of the highest instance. In ...
. About this time he was added to the commission charged with the classification of the laws of the empire, and, after the interruption caused by the events of 1814 and 1815, was charged with the sole care of that great work.
In May 1815 he entered the
Chamber of Representatives and at once took an active part in the debates as a member of the Liberal Opposition, and strenuously opposed the election of
the son of Napoleon as emperor after
his father's abdication.
At
the election after the
second restoration Dupin was not reelected. He defended with great intrepidity the principal political victims of the reaction, among others, in conjunction with ,
Marshal Ney; and in October 1815 boldly published a tractate entitled ''Libre Defense des accusés''.
In 1827, he was elected a member of the
Chamber of Deputies
The chamber of deputies is the lower house in many bicameral legislatures and the sole house in some unicameral legislatures.
Description
Historically, French Chamber of Deputies was the lower house of the French Parliament during the Bourb ...
and in 1830 he voted the
address of the 221, and on 28 February he was in the streets exhorting the citizens to resistance. At the end of 1832, he became
president of the chamber, which office he held successively for eight years. After
the 1848 abdication of
Louis Philippe, Dupin introduced
the young Count of Paris into the chamber, and proposed him as king with
his mother as
regent
In a monarchy, a regent () is a person appointed to govern a state because the actual monarch is a minor, absent, incapacitated or unable to discharge their powers and duties, or the throne is vacant and a new monarch has not yet been dete ...
.
This attempt failed, but Dupin submitted to circumstances, and, retaining the office of , his first act was to decide that justice should henceforth be rendered to the "name of the French people."
In 1849, he was elected a member of the Assembly, and became president of the principal committee—that on legislation. After the
1851 coup d'état, he still retained his office of , and did not resign it until effect was given to the decrees confiscating the property of the
house of Orléans
The 4th House of Orléans (), sometimes called the House of Bourbon-Orléans () to distinguish it, is the fourth holder of a surname previously used by several branches of the House of France, Royal House of France, all descended in the legitimat ...
. In 1857, he was offered his old office by emperor
Napoleon III
Napoleon III (Charles-Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; 20 April 18089 January 1873) was President of France from 1848 to 1852 and then Emperor of the French from 1852 until his deposition in 1870. He was the first president, second emperor, and last ...
, and accepted it, explaining his acceptance in a discourse, a sentence of which may be employed to describe his whole political career. "I have always", he said, "belonged to France and never to parties."
Among Dupin's works, which are numerous, may be mentioned ''Principia Juris Civilis'', 5 vols. (1806); ''Mémoires et plaidoyers de 1800 au 1ier janvier 1830'', in 20 vols.; and ''Mémoires ou souvenirs du barreau'', in 4 vols. (1855–1857).
His brother,
Pierre Charles François Dupin, was a mathematician.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dupin, Andre Marie Jean Jacques
1783 births
1865 deaths
People from Nièvre
Politicians from Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Orléanists
Party of Order politicians
Members of the Chamber of Representatives (France)
Members of the Chamber of Deputies of the Bourbon Restoration
Members of the 1st Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy
Members of the 2nd Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy
Members of the 3rd Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy
Members of the 4th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy
Members of the 5th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy
Members of the 6th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy
Members of the 7th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy
Members of the 1848 Constituent Assembly
Members of the National Legislative Assembly of the French Second Republic
French senators of the Second Empire
Grand Officers of the Legion of Honour
Members of the Académie Française
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