Andrzej Krauze (born 7 March 1947) is a Polish-born British

cartoonist A cartoonist is a visual artist who specializes in both drawing and writing cartoons (individual images) or comics (sequential images). Cartoonists differ from comics writers or comic book illustrators in that they produce both the literary and ...

, illustrator,

caricaturist A caricaturist is an artist who specializes in drawing caricatures. List of caricaturists * Abed Abdi (born 1942) * Al Hirschfeld (1903–2003) * Alex Gard (1900–1948) * Alexander Saroukhan (1898–1977) * Alfred Grévin (1827–1892) * Alf ...

, painter, poster designer and

satirist This is an incomplete list of writers, cartoonists and others known for involvement in satire – humorous social criticism. They are grouped by era and listed by year of birth. Included is a list of modern satires. Under Contemporary, 1930-196 ...

noted for his

allegorical As a literary device or artistic form, an allegory is a narrative or visual representation in which a character, place, or event can be interpreted to represent a hidden meaning with moral or political significance. Authors have used allegory t ...

, fabulous,

symbol A symbol is a mark, sign, or word that indicates, signifies, or is understood as representing an idea, object, or relationship. Symbols allow people to go beyond what is known or seen by creating linkages between otherwise very different conc ...

ic and sometimes scary imagery, as well as his reliance on black ink, bold lines and cross-hatching. His illustrations have been a regular fixture in the British national daily newspaper ''

The Guardian ''The Guardian'' is a British daily newspaper. It was founded in 1821 as ''The Manchester Guardian'', and changed its name in 1959. Along with its sister papers ''The Observer'' and ''The Guardian Weekly'', ''The Guardian'' is part of the Gu ...

'' since 1989, and he has also contributed to the English-language newspapers and magazines ''

The New York Times ''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid ...

'', ''

The Sunday Telegraph ''The Sunday Telegraph'' is a British broadsheet newspaper, founded in February 1961 and published by the Telegraph Media Group, a division of Press Holdings. It is the sister paper of ''The Daily Telegraph ''The Daily Telegraph'', kn ...

'', ''

The Times ''The Times'' is a British daily national newspaper based in London. It began in 1785 under the title ''The Daily Universal Register'', adopting its current name on 1 January 1788. ''The Times'' and its sister paper ''The Sunday Times'' (fou ...

'', ''

International Herald Tribune The ''International Herald Tribune'' (''IHT'') was a daily English-language newspaper published in Paris, France for international English-speaking readers. It had the aim of becoming "the world's first global newspaper" and could fairly be said ...

'', ''

New Scientist ''New Scientist'' is a magazine covering all aspects of science and technology. Based in London, it publishes weekly English-language editions in the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia. An editorially separate organisation publishe ...

'', ''

The Independent on Sunday ''The Independent'' is a British online newspaper. It was established in 1986 as a national morning printed paper. Nicknamed the ''Indy'', it began as a broadsheet and changed to tabloid format in 2003. The last printed edition was published ...

'', ''

The Bookseller ''The Bookseller'' is a British magazine reporting news on the publishing industry. Philip Jones is editor-in-chief of the weekly print edition of the magazine and the website. The magazine is home to the ''Bookseller''/Diagram Prize for Oddest ...

'', ''

New Statesman The ''New Statesman'' is a British political and cultural magazine published in London. Founded as a weekly review of politics and literature on 12 April 1913, it was at first connected with Sidney and Beatrice Webb and other leading members ...

'', ''

Modern Painters ''Modern Painters'' (1843–1860) is a five-volume work by the Victorian art critic, John Ruskin, begun when he was 24 years old based on material collected in Switzerland in 1842. Ruskin argues that recent painters emerging from the tradition of ...

'', ''

Campaign Campaign or The Campaign may refer to: Types of campaigns * Campaign, in agriculture, the period during which sugar beets are harvested and processed *Advertising campaign, a series of advertisement messages that share a single idea and theme * Bl ...

'', '' The Listener'', ''

New Society ''New Society'' was a weekly magazine of social inquiry and social and cultural comment, published in the United Kingdom from 1962 to 1988. It drew on the disciplines of sociology, anthropology, psychology, human geography, social history and so ...

'' and '' Story Teller''. He won the

Victoria and Albert Museum The Victoria and Albert Museum (often abbreviated as the V&A) in London is the world's largest museum of applied arts, decorative arts and design, housing a permanent collection of over 2.27 million objects. It was founded in 1852 and nam ...

Award for Illustration in 1996, and the

Life and career

Early life and career in Poland

Andrzej Krauze was born in

Dawidy Bankowe Dawidy Bankowe is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Raszyn, within Pruszków County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately south-east of Raszyn, east of Pruszków, and south of Warsaw. References ...

, a village on the outskirts of

Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...

, Poland, on 7 March 1947. His father was a small trader and there was no artistic tradition in the family. But his elder brother

Antoni Antoni is a Catalan, Polish, and Slovene given name and a surname used in the eastern part of Spain, Poland and Slovenia. As a Catalan given name it is a variant of the male names Anton and Antonio. As a Polish given name it is a variant of the fem ...

had become a film director and Krauze intended to follow him. Film school demanded a degree, so Krauze, who had always loved drawing, began studying painting and illustration at the

Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw ( pl, Akademia Sztuk Pięknych w Warszawie) is a public university of visual arts and applied arts located in the Polish capital. The Academy traces its history back to the Department of Arts founded at the Warsaw ...

in 1967. In 1971, while still a student, he started contributing cartoons to the Polish satirical magazine ''Szpilki'' and won first prize in a poster design competition organised by the

National Theatre in Warsaw National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, ce ...

for whom he then worked as a poster designer until 1973, when he graduated. His diploma submission, an animated film entitled ''The Flying Lesson'', was suppressed as anti-Polish and not shown publicly until 2010, but his growing success marked the end of his original ambition to become a film director, and, after graduating, he continued contributing to ''Szpilki'' and began working as a

political cartoonist An editorial cartoonist, also known as a political cartoonist, is an artist who draws editorial cartoons that contain some level of political or social commentary. Their cartoons are used to convey and question an aspect of daily news or curre ...

for the weekly magazine ''Kultura''. Many of his cartoons were censored, but Krauze found this a creative challenge and spent the next six years irritating the censors and entertaining his readers. "He was a cult artist," recalled Wojciech Chmurzynski, director of Warsaw's Museum of Caricature, in 2001: "He was very important to olishpeople in the 1970s, and his ... cartoons were universally known." Zuzanna Lipinska, daughter of the Museum of Caricature's founder, agrees: "Cartoons were important because there were a lot of things that couldn't be said directly, so people had to find metaphorical ways of saying them. rauzewas expressing the younger generation's discontent with the regime... He caught the tragicomic reality of Poland; the absurdity of Polish life."

Career in Europe and move to London

By the end of the 1970s, Krauze decided to try his luck abroad. He continued to contribute to ''Kultura'', but in 1979 he moved to Paris and, after only a month, to London. After a year there, however, the Home Office refused to extend his visa, forcing him to move to

Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the Capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population ...

in 1980, where he worked as an illustrator for the Dutch newspaper '' NRC Handelsblad''. From Amsterdam he moved back to Paris once again, where he contributed to the French magazines ''

L'Express ''L'Express'' () is a French weekly news magazine headquartered in Paris. The weekly stands at the political centre in the French media landscape, and has a lifestyle supplement, ''L'Express Styles'', and a job supplement, ''Réussir''. History ...

'', ''

L'Expansion ''L'Expansion'' was a French former monthly business magazine based in Paris, France, which existed between 1967 and 2017. History and profile ''L'Expansion'' was founded by Jean-Louis Servan-Schreiber and Jean Boissonnat in 1967. In 1994 the m ...

'' and '' Lire'' in 1981. When

martial law Martial law is the imposition of direct military control of normal civil functions or suspension of civil law by a government, especially in response to an emergency where civil forces are overwhelmed, or in an occupied territory. Use Marti ...

was declared in Poland in December 1981, he was once again in London organising an exhibition of his drawings. As he later recalled, "I said to myself, if I am a political cartoonist, this is my time. I only had a one-week tourist visa to begin with, but after martial law I published a lot of drawings in English, American and French newspapers, and immediately it was impossible to return o Poland The borders were closed, it was very difficult to send journalists to Poland, there were no photographs coming out, and I was one of the few artists who could draw without fear."

Career in Great Britain

Krauze remained in London and became a British citizen. Between 1986 and 1990 he designed posters for London's

Old Vic Old or OLD may refer to: Places *Old, Baranya, Hungary * Old, Northamptonshire, England *Old Street station, a railway and tube station in London (station code OLD) *OLD, IATA code for Old Town Municipal Airport and Seaplane Base, Old Town, Ma ...

theatre, then under the directorship of

Jonathan Miller Sir Jonathan Wolfe Miller CBE (21 July 1934 – 27 November 2019) was an English theatre and opera director, actor, author, television presenter, humourist and physician. After training in medicine and specialising in neurology in the late 1 ...

, and began contributing cartoons and illustrations to the ''

'' in 1988, ''

'' in 1989, and ''

'' in 1990. He has also contributed to the English-language newspapers and magazines ''

'', ''

'', '' The Listener'', ''

'' and '' Story Teller''. He won the

Award for Illustration in 1996, was appointed

external examiner The external examiner plays an important role in all degree level examinations in higher education in the United Kingdom. The external examiner system originated in 1832 with the establishment of the University of Durham, the first in England s ...

by the

Royal College of Art The Royal College of Art (RCA) is a public research university in London, United Kingdom, with campuses in South Kensington, Battersea and White City. It is the only entirely postgraduate art and design university in the United Kingdom. It offe ...

in 1997, and was awarded the

Ranan Lurie Ranan R. Lurie ( he, רענן לוריא; May 26, 1932 – June 8, 2022) was an Israeli-American political cartoonist and journalist, a senior associate at the CSIS (Center for Strategic and International Studies) since 1990,United Nations Correspondents Association The United Nations Correspondents Association (U.N. Correspondents Association), or UNCA, was founded in New York City in 1948. It has over 250 members today. It presents the annual UNCA Excellence in Journalism Awards. The purpose of the awards ...

in 2003.

Return to Poland

In 2001, Krauze returned to Poland as an artist for the first time in 20 years, with a critically acclaimed exhibition in the Museum of Caricature, Warsaw, attended by the British ambassador and the celebrated Polish film director

Andrzej Wajda Andrzej Witold Wajda (; 6 March 1926 – 9 October 2016) was a Polish film and theatre director. Recipient of an Honorary Oscar, the Palme d'Or, as well as Honorary Golden Lion and Honorary Golden Bear Awards, he was a prominent member of the ...

among others. He has since been widely published in Polish newspapers and weeklies, such as ''

Rzeczpospolita () is the official name of Poland and a traditional name for some of its predecessor states. It is a compound of "thing, matter" and "common", a calque of Latin ''rés pública'' ( "thing" + "public, common"), i.e. ''republic'', in Engli ...

'' and ''

wSieci ''Sieci'' (English lit.: ''the Network''), also stylised as ''W Sieci'', ''wSieci'', or ''Tygodnik Sieci''; is a right-wing weekly magazine published in Poland.

'', as well as regularly having notable exhibitions in Warsaw. In 2017, he was honoured with the President Lech Kaczynski Award for outstanding contributions to Polish art and culture, along with his brother, film director Antoni Krauze, at the VII Congress of the Polish Great Project in Warsaw. Andrzej Krauze was further named a laureate of Polish art and awarded the Gold

Medal for Merit to Culture – Gloria Artis A medal or medallion is a small portable artistic object, a thin disc, normally of metal, carrying a design, usually on both sides. They typically have a commemorative purpose of some kind, and many are presented as awards. They may be int ...

, which is the highest distinction that the Minister of Culture can give to an artist on behalf of the Polish Republic. Krauze lives in London. He continues to have his work published widely in both England and Poland and has recently exhibited in Warsaw and

Tuscany Tuscany ( ; it, Toscana ) is a Regions of Italy, region in central Italy with an area of about and a population of about 3.8 million inhabitants. The regional capital is Florence (''Firenze''). Tuscany is known for its landscapes, history, art ...

Critical responses to work

Cultural historian Cultural history combines the approaches of anthropology and history to examine popular cultural traditions and cultural interpretations of historical experience. It examines the records and narrative descriptions of past matter, encompassing the ...

Patrick Wright, whose book ''On Living in an Old Country'' (1985) Krauze illustrated, recalls of Krauze's early work that it was "like nothing else in Britain at that time... Many of is drawingswere defiantly crude onslaughts, which used strong ink lines and ferocious cross-hatching to emphasise the violence of the Communist state and then hurl it back in the face of the regime... s eye seemed harsher, and sometimes frankly disrespectful of the foibles and eccentricities of British life. His drawings lacked the cool 'designer' cynicism of an age increasingly defined by advertising imagery...

e was E, or e, is the fifth letter and the second vowel letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''e'' (pronounced ); plu ...

an illustrator with a more distanced eye than was customary in English illustration."

Alan Rusbridger Alan Charles Rusbridger (born 29 December 1953) is a British journalist, who was formerly editor-in-chief of ''The Guardian'' and then principal of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford. Rusbridger became editor-in-chief of ''The Guardian'' in 1995, hav ...

, editor of ''

'', has similarly commented that Krauze "helped introduce an intelligence and sophistication into serious British illustration." Journalist

Francis Wheen Francis James Baird Wheen (born 22 January 1957) is a British journalist, writer and broadcaster. Early life and education Wheen was born into an army familyNicholas Wro"A life in writing" ''The Guardian'', 29 August 2009 and educated at two ind ...

has written of Krauze that "whatever issubject ... his ironic, cosmopolitan intelligence never fails to enlighten... Krauze can do caricatures and jokes, of course, but his real genius lies in the creation of vivid metaphor... absurd, sometimes scary imagery that owes more to writers such as

Bulgakov Bulgakov (russian: Булгаков) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Anatoly Bulgakov (footballer, born 1944), Russian football coach and former player * Anatoly Bulgakov (footballer, born 1979), Russian football pl ...

Alfred Jarry Alfred Jarry (; 8 September 1873 – 1 November 1907) was a French symbolist writer who is best known for his play ''Ubu Roi'' (1896). He also coined the term and philosophical concept of 'pataphysics. Jarry was born in Laval, Mayenne, France, ...

than to

Jak Jak may refer to: Places * Ják, a village in Hungary People * Jak Alnwick (born 1993), English football goalkeeper * Jak Jones (born 1993), Welsh professional snooker player * Raymond Jackson ("JAK") (1927–1997), UK cartoonist * Jak Airport ( ...

or Mac... this is a man who both works hard and thinks hard, as proved by his dozens of brilliantly apt drawings in the book ''Introducing The Enlightenment''

000 Triple zero, Triple Zero, Zero Zero Zero, Triple 0, Triple-0, 000, or 0-0-0 may refer to: * 000 (emergency telephone number), the Australian emergency telephone number * "Triple Zero", a song by AFI (band), AFI from ''Shut Your Mouth and Open Your ...

.. Krauze is both an artist and an intellectual; but he wears his learning lightly. Like all good intellectuals, he keeps

Occam's razor Occam's razor, Ockham's razor, or Ocham's razor ( la, novacula Occami), also known as the principle of parsimony or the law of parsimony ( la, lex parsimoniae), is the problem-solving principle that "entities should not be multiplied beyond neces ...

within easy reach, ready to slash through obfuscation and reveal a plain truth in all its simplicity – or perhaps one should say 'in black and white', since he employs black ink more tellingly than any other illustrator I know... this remarkable artist has always accepted the duty that is more traditionally assigned to journalists, though many of them prefer to duck the challenge: he speaks truth to power."

Selected books illustrated by Andrzej Krauze

* Krauze, Andrzej (1977). ''Nowość: Szczęście w aerozolu'' ew: Spray-on happiness(in Polish).

Czytelnik The ''Czytelnik'' Publishing House ( pl, Spółdzielnia Wydawnicza „Czytelnik”) is a publishing company in Poland. It was established in 1944 behind the Soviet front line as the ''Spółdzielnia Wydawnicza "Czytelnik"'' ("Czytelnik" Publishin ...

. * Krauze, Andrzej (1980). ''Lubta mnie: Wybór rysunków z lat 1976–78'' uv me: Selected Drawings 1976–78(in Polish). Czytelnik. . * Krauze, Andrzej; Mikes, George (1981). ''Andrzej Krauze's Poland''. Nina Karsov. . * Krauze, Andrzej (1982). ''A year of martial law''. Kontakt. * Krauze, Andrzej (1983). ''Coming Back to the West''. Larson. * Landry, Charles; Marley, David; Southwood, Russel; Wright, Patrick (1985). ''What a Way to Run a Railroad''. Comedia. . * Wright, Patrick (1985). ''On Living in an Old Country''.

Verso Books Verso Books (formerly New Left Books) is a left-wing publishing house based in London and New York City, founded in 1970 by the staff of '' New Left Review''. Renaming, new brand and logo Verso Books was originally known as New Left Books. The ...

. . * Spencer, Lloyd; Krauze, Andrzej (2000). ''Introducing The Enlightenment''. Totem Books. . * Krauze, Andrzej (2003). ''Drawings 1970–2003''. ''

''. * Kelly, Stuart (2005). ''The Book of Lost Books''.

Random House Random House is an American book publisher and the largest general-interest paperback publisher in the world. The company has several independently managed subsidiaries around the world. It is part of Penguin Random House, which is owned by Germ ...

. . * Krauze, Andrzej (2010). ''The Sleep of Reason... Drawings 1970–1989''.

Instytut Pamięci Narodowej The Institute of National Remembrance – Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation ( pl, Instytut Pamięci Narodowej – Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu, abbreviated IPN) is a Polish state resea ...

. . * Krauze, Andrzej (2011). ''III wieża Babel w budowie''. he_third_tower_of_Babel_under_construction.html" ;"title="tower_of_Babel.html" ;"title="he third tower of Babel">he third tower of Babel under construction">tower_of_Babel.html" ;"title="he third tower of Babel">he third tower of Babel under construction(in Polish). Zysk I S-Ka Wydawnictwo. . * Krauze, Andrzej (2020). ''Pan Pióro''. [Mr. Pen] (in Polish). State Publishing Institute PIW, Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy & Zachęta. .

Children's books

* Krauze, Andrzej; Górzański, Jerzy (1978). ''Zwierzęta pana Krauzego'' r Krauze's animals(in Polish).

. * Patten, Brian (1982). ''Słoń i kwiat'' (Polish translation of '' The Elephant and the Flower''). Krajowa Agencja Wydawnicza. * Krauze, Andrzej (1984). ''What's So Special About Today?''

Hodder Children's Books Hodder & Stoughton is a British publishing house, now an imprint of Hachette. History Early history The firm has its origins in the 1840s, with Matthew Hodder's employment, aged 14, with Messrs Jackson and Walford, the official publis ...

. . * Krauze, Andrzej (1985). ''Reggie Rabbit Plants a Garden''. Macmillan. . * Krauze, Andrzej (1985). ''Ellie Elephant Builds a House''. Macmillan. . * Krauze, Andrzej (1985). ''Christopher Crocodile Cooks a Meal''. Macmillan. . * Rosen, Michael, editor (1990). ''Culture Shock''.

Viking Vikings ; non, víkingr is the modern name given to seafaring people originally from Scandinavia (present-day Denmark, Norway and Sweden), who from the late 8th to the late 11th centuries raided, pirated, traded and se ...

. . * Rosen, Michael (1994). ''Action Replay''.

Puffin Books Puffin Books is a longstanding children's imprint of the British publishers Penguin Books. Since the 1960s, it has been among the largest publishers of children's books in the UK and much of the English-speaking world. The imprint now belongs t ...

. .

References

External links

Video of Andrzej Krauze drawing a cartoon and reflecting on the ''Charlie Hebdo'' shooting
on ''

Channel 4 News ''Channel 4 News'' is the main news programme on British television broadcaster Channel 4. It is produced by ITN, and has been in operation since Channel 4's launch in November 1982. Current productions ''Channel 4 News'' ''Channel 4 News'' ...

''. *

br>"Master of his art"
article about Andrzej Krauze in ''

'', 8 March 2003. * Stephen Moss
"Spitting images"
article about Andrzej Krauze in ''The Guardian'', 17 October 2001.

at the

British Cartoon Archive The British Cartoon Archive (BCA) is a department of the University of Kent, at Canterbury in Kent, England, and holds the national collection of political and social-comment cartoons from British newspapers and magazines. Created in 1973, the ...

. {{DEFAULTSORT:Krauze, Andrzej 1947 births Living people Polish cartoonists Polish illustrators British illustrators Polish caricaturists British caricaturists 20th-century Polish painters 21st-century Polish painters 21st-century male artists 20th-century British painters British male painters 21st-century British painters Polish satirists British satirists Artists from Warsaw Artists from London Polish contemporary artists British contemporary artists Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw alumni Recipients of the Gold Medal for Merit to Culture – Gloria Artis Polish male painters 20th-century British male artists 21st-century British male artists