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''Andromeda: A Space-Age Tale'' (russian: "Туманность Андромеды", ''Tumannost' Andromedy'' – ''Andromeda Nebula'') is a
science fiction Science fiction (sometimes shortened to Sci-Fi or SF) is a genre of speculative fiction which typically deals with imaginative and futuristic concepts such as advanced science and technology, space exploration, time travel, parallel unive ...
novel by the
Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nation ...
writer and paleontologist
Ivan Yefremov Ivan Antonovich (real patronymic Antipovich) Yefremov ( ru , Ива́н Анто́нович (Анти́пович) Ефре́мов; April 23, 1908 – October 5, 1972; last name sometimes transliterated as Efremov) was a Soviet paleonto ...
,Sergey Klimanov's Home Page
Ivan Yefremov's Works
Revised 2004-08-10. Accessed 2006-09-08.
written in 1955–1956 and published in 1957. It was translated into English as ''Andromeda: A Space-Age Tale'' by George Hanna. The novel predicted some future inventions ( borazon,
space probe A space probe is an artificial satellite that travels through space to collect scientific data. A space probe may orbit Earth; approach the Moon; travel through interplanetary space; flyby, orbit, or land or fly on other planetary bodies; or ent ...
,
powered exoskeleton A powered exoskeleton, also known as power armor, powered armor, powered suit, cybernetic suit, cybernetic armor, exosuit, hardsuit, exoframe or augmented mobility, is a mobile machine that is wearable over all or part of the human body, provi ...
and
ion thruster An ion thruster, ion drive, or ion engine is a form of electric propulsion used for spacecraft propulsion. It creates thrust by accelerating ions using electricity. An ion thruster ionizes a neutral gas by extracting some electrons out of ...
). It was made into a film in 1967, ''
The Andromeda Nebula ''The Andromeda Nebula'' (russian: Туманность Андромеды) is a 1967 Soviet science fiction film starring Sergei Stolyarov and directed by Yevgeni Sherstobitov at the Dovzhenko Film Studios. The film was originally intended t ...
''. Yefremov's 1958 short story " The Heart of the Serpent" and 1968 novel ''
The Bull's Hour ''The Hour of the Bull'' ( russian: Час Быка, ''Chas Byká'') is a social science fiction novel written by Soviet author and paleontologist Ivan Yefremov in 1968. This novel is considered a sequel to the 1957 novel '' Andromeda'', taking ...
'', which is set in the same universe taking place some 200 years later, are considered as its sequels.


Plot summary

The book portrays Yefremov's conception of a classic communist utopia set in a distant future. Throughout the novel, the author's attention is focused on the social and cultural aspects of the society, and the struggle to conquer vast cosmic distances. There are several principal heroes, including a starship captain, two scientists, a historian, and an archeologist. Though the world described in the novel is intended to be ideal, there is an attempt to show a conflict and its resolution with a voluntary self-punishment of a scientist whose reckless experiment caused damage. There's also a fair amount of action in the episodes where the crew of the starship fight alien predators. In the novel, several civilizations across our galaxy, including Earth, are united in the ''Great Circle'', whose members exchange and relay scientific and cultural information. Notably, faster-than-light travel or communication does not exist in the time portrayed in the book, and one of the minor plot lines examines a failed attempt to overcome this limitation. The radio transmissions around the Great Circle are pictured as requiring a tremendous amount of energy, and are thus infrequent. One of the main plot lines follows the crew of the spacecraft ''Tantra'' led by Captain Erg Noor, dispatched to investigate the sudden radio silence of one of the nearby Great Circle planets. The crew travels to the planet, and discovers that most life on it has been destroyed by unsafe experimentation with radioactivity. On their return journey, the ''Tantra'' is scheduled to meet a carrier spacecraft to refuel, but the second ship does not make the rendezvous. The crew attempts the return voyage with meager fuel, but is trapped by the gravitational field of an "
iron star In astronomy, an iron star is a hypothetical type of compact star. Unrelatedly, the term "iron star" is also used for blue supergiants which have a forest of forbidden FeII lines in their spectra. They are potentially quiescent hot luminous blue ...
" (some form of
compact star In astronomy, the term compact star (or compact object) refers collectively to white dwarfs, neutron stars, and black holes. It would grow to include exotic stars if such hypothetical, dense bodies are confirmed to exist. All compact objects ha ...
in modern terms). The crew lands on one of its planets, where they discover the wreck of a previous expedition, as well as a mysterious alien spacecraft. After fighting off the native life-form, the crew retrieve the remaining fuel supplies from the wreck and succeed in returning to earth. The second major plot line follows Darr Veter, the director of the global space agency as he makes way for a successor and then attempt to find a new job for himself. When his successor voluntarily steps down as punishment for a daring experiment that goes wrong, Veter returns to the position. The book closes with the launch of a new expedition, once again led by Noor, to a pair of new planets that offer the possibility of human colonisation. It is a bittersweet ending, as the cosmonauts themselves will not live long enough to return.


Literary significance and criticism

Critics have accused the heroes of the novel being more of philosophical ideas than live people. Nevertheless, the novel was a major milestone in Soviet science-fiction literature, which, in Stalin's era, had been much more short-sighted (never venturing more than a few decades into the future) and primarily focusing on technical inventions rather than social issues (the so-called "fiction aim theory" (russian: "фантастика ближнего прицела") for science fiction).
Boris Strugatsky The brothers Arkady Natanovich Strugatsky (russian: Аркадий Натанович Стругацкий; 28 August 1925 – 12 October 1991) and Boris Natanovich Strugatsky ( ru , Борис Натанович Стругацкий; 14 A ...
wrote:
Yefremov was an ice breaker of a man. He has broken the seemingly unbreakable ice of the "short aim theory". He has shown how one can and should write modern SF, and thus has ushered a new era of Soviet SF. Of course those times were already different, the Stalin Ice Age was nearing its end, and I think that even without ''Andromeda'', Soviet SF would soon start a new course. But the publication of ''Andromeda'' has become a symbol of the new era, its banner, in some sense. Without it, the new growth would have been an order of magnitude more difficult, and a thaw in our SF wouldn't have come until later.


Characters


Crew of the first class spaceship ''Tantra''

(37th Space Expedition) * Erg Noor, chief of the expedition, spaceship commander * Nisa Creet, astronavigator * Pour Hyss, astronomer * Louma Lasvy, ship's physician * Eon Thal, biologist * Ingrid Dietra, astronomer * Pel Lynn, astronavigator * Beena Ledd, geologist * Taron, mechanical engineer * Ione Marr, teacher of gymnastics, dietary supervisor, storekeeper * Kay Bear, electronic engineer


Characters of Earth


Men

* Grom Orme, President of the Astronautical Council * Diss Ken, his son * Zieg Zohr, music composer * Thor Ann, son of Zieg Zohr, Diss Ken's friend * Mir Ohm, Secretary of the Astronautical Council * Darr Veter, retiring Director of the Outer Stations * Mwen Mass, successor to Darr Veter * Junius Antus, Director of the Electronic Memory Machines * Kam Amat, Indian scientist (In a former age) * Liao Lang, palaeontologist * Renn Bose, physicist * Cart Sann, painter * Frith Don, Director of the Maritime Archaeological Expedition * Sherliss, mechanic to the expedition * Ahf Noot, prominent surgeon * Grimm Schar, biologist of the Institute of Nerve Currents * Zann Senn, poet, historian * Heb Uhr, soil scientist * Beth Lohn, mathematician, criminal in exile * Embe Ong, candidate for Director of the Outer Stations * Cadd Lite, engineer on Satellite 57


Women

* Evda Nahl, psychiatrist * Rhea, her daughter * Veda Kong, historian * Miyiko Eigoro, historian, Veda's assistant * Chara Nandi, biologist, dancer, artist's model * Onar, girl of the Island of Oblivion * Eva Djann, astronomer * Liuda Pheer, psychologist (in a former age)


Extraterrestrial characters

* Goor Hahn, observer on the diurnal satellite * Zaph Phthet, Director of External Relations of the planet of
61 Cygni 61 Cygni is a binary star system in the constellation Cygnus, consisting of a pair of K-type dwarf stars that orbit each other in a period of about 659 years. Of apparent magnitude 5.20 and 6.05, respectively, they can be seen ...


Notes


Bibliography

# Jameson, Fredric. "Progress Versus Utopia; or, Can We Imagine the Future?" ''Science Fiction Studies'' 9.2 (1982): 147–158. # Suvin, Darko. "Three World Paradigms for SF: Asimov, Yefremov, Lem." ''Pacific Quarterly (Moana): An International Review of Arts and Ideas'' 4.(1979): 271–283. # Yefremov, Ivan. ''Andromeda: A Space-Age Tale'' translated by George Hanna. Moscow: Foreign Language Publishing House, 1959, 444 pp. LCCN: 95207661. # Yefremov, Ivan. ''Andromeda: A Space-Age Tale'' translated by George Hanna. Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1980, 397 pp. . LCCN: 82206351. # Yefremov, Ivan. ''Andromeda: A Space-Age Tale''. NL: Fredonia Books, August 30, 2004, 384 pp. .


External links


Review of ''Andromeda: A Space-Age Tale''
{{DEFAULTSORT:Andromeda (Novel) 1957 science fiction novels Molodaya Gvardiya (publisher) books Novels about extraterrestrial life Novels by Ivan Yefremov Russian novels adapted into films Utopian novels Soviet science fiction novels