Andries Daniels
[Ph. Rombouts and Th. van Lerius (eds.), ''De liggeren en andere historische archieven der Antwerpsche sint Lucasgilde'']
Volume 2, Antwerp, 1864, pp. 408, 418 ( c. 1580 – after 1640) was a Flemish
painter
Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (called the "matrix" or "support"). The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and ai ...
who was active in Antwerp during the first half of the 17th century. He is known for his flower
still lifes and garland paintings, a genre of still life paintings that he helped develop in Antwerp.
[Ursula Härting, ''Review of Susan Merriam, Seventeenth-Century Flemish Garland Paintings. Still Life, Vision and the Devotional Image]
/ref>
Life
Little is known about his life. No records of the date and place of his birth or the names of his parents have been found to date.[Fred G. Meijer, ''A Seventeenth-century Antwerp: Vase with Tulips by Andries Daniels and Frans Francken II'' in: B'08: Buletina = Boletín = Bulletin. Bilbao : Bilboko Arte Eder Museoa = Museo de Bellas Artes de Bilbao no. 4, 2009, pp. 121-127]
He is first mentioned in 1599 when he is registered under the name Andries Daniels at the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke
The Guild of Saint Luke was the most common name for a city guild for painters and other artists in early modern Europe, especially in the Low Countries. They were named in honor of the Evangelist Luke, the patron saint of artists, who was ide ...
. He was recorded as a pupil studying painting with Pieter Brueghel the Younger
Pieter Brueghel (also Bruegel or Breughel) the Younger (, ; ; between 23 May and 10 October 1564 – between March and May 1638) was a Flemish painter, known for numerous copies after his father Pieter Bruegel the Elder's work as well as h ...
.[ Pieter Brueghel the Younger was the son of the prominent landscape and genre painter ]Pieter Brueghel the Elder
Pieter Bruegel (also Brueghel or Breughel) the Elder (, ; ; – 9 September 1569) was the most significant artist of Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painting, a painter and printmaker, known for his landscapes and peasant scenes (so-called genre ...
and brother of Jan Brueghel the Elder
Jan Brueghel (also Bruegel or Breughel) the Elder (, ; ; 1568 – 13 January 1625) was a Flemish painter and draughtsman. He was the son of the eminent Flemish Renaissance painter Pieter Bruegel the Elder. A close friend and frequent collabora ...
, a prolific painter in many genres and a major contributor in the development of floral painting in Northern Europe. Daniels may have participated in copying works of Pieter Brueghel the Elder
Pieter Bruegel (also Brueghel or Breughel) the Elder (, ; ; – 9 September 1569) was the most significant artist of Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painting, a painter and printmaker, known for his landscapes and peasant scenes (so-called genre ...
during his period of apprenticeship.[Jan Kelch, Ingeborg Becker, 'Holländische Malerei: aus Berliner Privatbesitz : Ausstellung des Kaiser-Friedrich-Museums-Vereins und der Gemäldegalerie : Berlin 1984', Gemäldegalerie Staatliche Museen Prussischer Kulturbesitz, 1984, p. 28 ] In 1602 he was registered as a master of the Guild.[
He executed a joint will with his wife Jozijnke van der Hoerst on 25 July 1640, which is the last record of his life.][Andries Daniels]
at The Netherlands Institute for Art History
The Netherlands Institute for Art History or RKD (Dutch: RKD-Nederlands Instituut voor Kunstgeschiedenis), previously Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie (RKD), is located in The Hague and is home to the largest art history center i ...
The date and place of his death are unknown.
Work
General
Daniels is known as a painter of still lifes, in particular still lifes of flowers in flamboyant vases, and flower garland
A garland is a decorative braid, knot or wreath of flowers, leaves, or other material. Garlands can be worn on the head or around the neck, hung on an inanimate object, or laid in a place of cultural or religious importance.
Etymology
From the ...
s.[ Not many of his works are known as he was only rediscovered in the 1950s–1960s.][
Only one signed painting, the ''Garland of Flowers around an Image of the Holy Family and Angels'' (current location unknown, at Galleria Lorenzelli, Bergamo in 1967) bearing the signature 'ANDRIES.DANIELS.F.' has been found so far. This work has been the basis for attributing additional works to the artist, in particular works previously attributed to Jan Brueghel the Elder. However, art historians do not agree on various attributions and earlier attributions have been contested subsequently. An example is the ''Garland of Flowers with Virgin and Child'' in the ]Hermitage Museum
The State Hermitage Museum ( rus, Государственный Эрмитаж, r=Gosudarstvennyj Ermitaž, p=ɡəsʊˈdarstvʲɪn(ː)ɨj ɪrmʲɪˈtaʂ, links=no) is a museum of art and culture in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It is the list of ...
, the flower part of which was attributed to Daniels by Ingvar Bergström before 1966. This attribution has been challenged by Fred G. Meijer who found that the Hermitage painting's execution of the flowers is different from the handling of flowers in the signed painting.''Garland of Flowers with Virgin and Child''
in the Hermitage Museum
The State Hermitage Museum ( rus, Государственный Эрмитаж, r=Gosudarstvennyj Ermitaž, p=ɡəsʊˈdarstvʲɪn(ː)ɨj ɪrmʲɪˈtaʂ, links=no) is a museum of art and culture in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It is the list of ...
[ The attribution to Daniels of a ''Virgin and Child in a Garland of Flowers'', (c. 1608, Biblioteca Ambrosiana, Milan) traditionally attributed to Jan Brueghel the Elder has also failed to find unanimous support among experts.][
]
Flower pieces
Andries Daniels' flower pieces are close to those of the Antwerp painter Ambrosius Bosschaert the Elder to whom they have been attributed frequently. The composition, colour and lighting, however, call to mind the work of Jan Brueghel the Elder
Jan Brueghel (also Bruegel or Breughel) the Elder (, ; ; 1568 – 13 January 1625) was a Flemish painter and draughtsman. He was the son of the eminent Flemish Renaissance painter Pieter Bruegel the Elder. A close friend and frequent collabora ...
, the brother of Daniels' master Pieter Brueghel the Younger who was also famous for his flower still lifes.[ Although often a symbolic meaning has been attributed to the flower paintings, such as the ]vanitas
A ''vanitas'' (Latin for 'vanity') is a symbolic work of art showing the transience of life, the futility of pleasure, and the certainty of death, often contrasting symbols of wealth and symbols of ephemerality and death. Best-known are ''van ...
meaning of the transience of worldly things, the principal aim of the artist in these works is to create a convincing illusionistic effect.[
In the tradition of other Antwerp flower paintings, Daniels did not paint the flower bouquets directly from life. His bouquets are often made up of flowers which bloom in different seasons and the stems of some of the smaller flowers are ostensibly extended so that they can match up with the taller flowers. The bouquets were in fact created by using studies of individual blooms created at the time when the flowers where in season or copied from other sources. He used these models as aids when composing floral arrangements in his compositions. As a result of this common practice, very similar flowers appear in multiple paintings and flowers painted by one artist sometimes turn up in work of a different artist.][
As was common in Antwerp artistic practice in the 17th century, Daniels often teamed up with another specialist painter to create collaborative works. An example of this is the ''Vase with tulips'' (1620-25, ]Bilbao Fine Arts Museum
The Bilbao Fine Arts Museum (Spanish: ''Museo de Bellas Artes de Bilbao'', Basque: ''Bilboko Arte Ederren Museoa'') is an art museum located in the city of Bilbao, Spain. The building of the museum is located entirely inside the city's Doña Casild ...
). In this work, Daniels painted the flowers while the Antwerp figure painter Frans Francken the Younger
Frans Francken the Younger (1581 in Antwerp, 1581 – 6 May 1642, in Antwerp) was a Flemish painter who created altarpieces and furniture panels and gained his reputation chiefly through his small and delicate cabinet pictures with historical, m ...
painted the sculpted vase. Frans Francken the Younger was a leading artist in Antwerp in his time and operated a large workshop which produced high quality autograph works for the luxury market as well as mass produced paintings for a lower market segment. It is believed that the numerous vases of flowers and garlands around figures and vases of flowers, that are traditionally attributed to Francken and Daniels are likely the work of Francken's studio. Daniels may have been an employee in Francken's workshop. The fact that he was permitted to sign one of his own compositions shows that he likely enjoyed a privileged position.[
]
Garland paintings
Daniels played a role in the development of the genre of garland paintings. Garland paintings are a special type of still life developed in Antwerp by artists such as Jan Brueghel the Elder
Jan Brueghel (also Bruegel or Breughel) the Elder (, ; ; 1568 – 13 January 1625) was a Flemish painter and draughtsman. He was the son of the eminent Flemish Renaissance painter Pieter Bruegel the Elder. A close friend and frequent collabora ...
, Hendrick van Balen
Hendrick van Balen or Hendrick van Balen I (c. 1573–1575 in Antwerp – 17 July 1632 in Antwerp) was a Flemish Baroque painter and stained glass designer. Hendrick van Balen specialised in small cabinet pictures often painted on a copper ...
, Frans Francken the Younger
Frans Francken the Younger (1581 in Antwerp, 1581 – 6 May 1642, in Antwerp) was a Flemish painter who created altarpieces and furniture panels and gained his reputation chiefly through his small and delicate cabinet pictures with historical, m ...
, Peter Paul Rubens
Sir Peter Paul Rubens (; ; 28 June 1577 – 30 May 1640) was a Flemish artist and diplomat from the Duchy of Brabant in the Southern Netherlands (modern-day Belgium). He is considered the most influential artist of the Flemish Baroque traditio ...
and Daniel Seghers
Daniël Seghers or Daniel Seghers (3 December 1590 – 2 November 1661) was a Flemish Jesuit brother and Flemish Baroque painter, painter who specialized in flower still lifes. He is particularly well known for his contributions to the genre of ...
. They typically show a flower garland around a devotional image or portrait. This genre was inspired by the cult of veneration and devotion to Mary
Mary may refer to:
People
* Mary (name), a feminine given name (includes a list of people with the name)
Religious contexts
* New Testament people named Mary, overview article linking to many of those below
* Mary, mother of Jesus, also calle ...
prevalent at the Habsburg
The House of Habsburg (), alternatively spelled Hapsburg in Englishgerman: Haus Habsburg, ; es, Casa de Habsburgo; hu, Habsburg család, it, Casa di Asburgo, nl, Huis van Habsburg, pl, dom Habsburgów, pt, Casa de Habsburgo, la, Domus Hab ...
court (then the rulers over the southern Netherlands
The Southern Netherlands, also called the Catholic Netherlands, were the parts of the Low Countries belonging to the Holy Roman Empire which were at first largely controlled by Habsburg Spain (Spanish Netherlands, 1556–1714) and later by the A ...
) and in Antwerp generally.[
Garland paintings were usually collaborations between a still life and a figure painter.][ Daniels collaborated with other artists such as Frans Francken the Younger and ]Jacob Jordaens
Jacob (Jacques) Jordaens (19 May 1593 – 18 October 1678) was a Flemish painter, draughtsman and tapestry designer known for his history paintings, genre scenes and portraits. After Peter Paul Rubens and Anthony van Dyck, he was the leading Fle ...
, who would paint the devotional images while Daniels painted the flowers and flower garlands in the picture.[
Together with Frans Francken, he further developed the genre of garland paintings, creating many special forms, among them garlands around medallions with the decades of the rosary.][
]
References
External links
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Daniels, Andries
Flemish Baroque painters
Flemish still life painters
Artists from Antwerp
16th-century births
Painters from Antwerp
Year of death missing
Year of birth uncertain