Andrew Sall (1612–1682) was an Irish
Jesuit
, image = Ihs-logo.svg
, image_size = 175px
, caption = ChristogramOfficial seal of the Jesuits
, abbreviation = SJ
, nickname = Jesuits
, formation =
, founders ...
, later a convert to the
Church of England
The Church of England (C of E) is the established Christian church in England and the mother church of the international Anglican Communion. It traces its history to the Christian church recorded as existing in the Roman province of Britain ...
.
Early life
Born at
Cashel, he was educated at the
College of St. Omer
A college (Latin: ''collegium'') is an educational institution or a constituent part of one. A college may be a degree-awarding tertiary educational institution, a part of a collegiate or federal university, an institution offering ...
for the priesthood, and became a Jesuit. From 1652 to 1655 he was rector of the
Irish College at Salamanca
The Irish College at Salamanca, ( es, Collegia de Irlandeses), it was endowed by the King of Spain and dedicated as the St Patrick’s Royal College for Irish Noblemen ( es, El Real Colegio de San Patricio de Nobles Irlandeses). It was founded by ...
, and reader in the chair of controversy against heresy there; he was also professor of moral theology.
Sall was then professor of divinity in the colleges of Pampeluna, Palencia, and Tudela, all in the north of Spain. During his residence at Pampeluna he was on good terms with
Nicholas French. He took the Jesuit fourth vow at
Valladolid
Valladolid () is a Municipalities of Spain, municipality in Spain and the primary seat of government and de facto capital of the Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Castile and León. It is also the capital of the province o ...
, probably in 1657 or 1658. In October 1659 he was at
Nantes
Nantes (, , ; Gallo: or ; ) is a city in Loire-Atlantique on the Loire, from the Atlantic coast. The city is the sixth largest in France, with a population of 314,138 in Nantes proper and a metropolitan area of nearly 1 million inhabita ...
in France.
Conversion
Sall was provincial superior of the Irish Jesuits in July 1664.
He returned to Ireland about 1668.
On theological grounds he became an Anglican, after debates with
Thomas Price, the Protestant archbishop of Cashel. Rumours of his intended change were in circulation about the beginning of 1674, Sall believed his life to be in danger, and Price with others sent a mounted guard to bring him to the archiepiscopal palace. On 17 May 1674 Sall made a public declaration of his adhesion to the church of England in
St. John's Church, Cashel; he admitted that he would probably not have declared himself openly but for
Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex
Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex, PC (163113 July 1683), also spelt Capel, of Cassiobury House, Watford, Hertfordshire, was an English statesman.
Early life
He was the son of Arthur Capell, 1st Baron Capell of Hadham (executed in 1649) by ...
's proclamation ordering
regular clergy
Regular clergy, or just regulars, are clerics in the Catholic Church who follow a rule () of life, and are therefore also members of religious institutes. Secular clergy are clerics who are not bound by a rule of life.
Terminology and history
The ...
to leave Ireland, based on the proceedings of the English parliament in January 1674.
Sall went to
Dublin
Dublin (; , or ) is the capital and largest city of Republic of Ireland, Ireland. On a bay at the mouth of the River Liffey, it is in the Provinces of Ireland, province of Leinster, bordered on the south by the Dublin Mountains, a part of th ...
, where John Free, superior of the Irish jesuits, invited him to a private conference. On 5 July he preached in
Christ Church Cathedral, explaining his declaration. He went into residence in
Trinity College, Dublin
, name_Latin = Collegium Sanctae et Individuae Trinitatis Reginae Elizabethae juxta Dublin
, motto = ''Perpetuis futuris temporibus duraturam'' (Latin)
, motto_lang = la
, motto_English = It will last i ...
, and was admitted to the degree of D.D.
Later life
In July 1675 Sall went to Oxford, where was created D.D. on 22 June 1676, and lived at first in
Wadham College
Wadham College () is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom. It is located in the centre of Oxford, at the intersection of Broad Street and Parks Road.
Wadham College was founded in 1610 by Dorothy W ...
, then in lodgings. He returned to Ireland early in 1680. In 1675 he was presented by the crown to the prebend of Swords in St. Patrick's, Dublin, and in 1676 he was made chancellor of Cashel; given Irish preferments, he was also domestic chaplain to the king. From November 1680 till his death, he lived in Dublin, in
Oxmanstown
Oxmantown was a suburb on the opposite bank of the River Liffey, Liffey from Dublin, in what is now the city's Northside, Dublin, Northside. It was founded in the 12th century by Vikings or "Ostmen" who had migrated out of Dublin after the arriva ...
.
Sall's health declined at the beginning of 1682.
He died in the evening of 5 April, and was buried in
St. Patrick's Cathedral.
Works
Sall published his thesis at Trinity College, Dublin with two main points—that there is salvation outside the Roman church, and that the Church of England way to it is safer than that of Rome. Protestant graduates argued the Catholic side. There were books published against him. One was by J. E. printed at Louvain, and dedicated to
Mary of Modena
Mary of Modena ( it, Maria Beatrice Eleonora Anna Margherita Isabella d'Este; ) was Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland as the second wife of James II and VII. A devout Roman Catholic, Mary married the widower James, who was then the young ...
; another was the ''Doleful Fall of Andrew Sall'', by Nicholas French as N. N.; and a third by Ignatius Brown, a Jesuit, who as J. S. In answer Sall published his ''True Catholic and Apostolic Faith'', which was licensed by the vice-chancellor on 23 June 1676, and printed at Oxford.
Sall's published works were:
* ''A Declaration for the Church of England'', Dublin; London, 1674.
* ''A Sermon preached at Christ Church, Dublin, on Matt. xxiv. 15–18'', Dublin, 1874 and 1875. There was a French version, London, 1675. Republished in 1840 by Josiah Allport.
* ''True Catholic and Apostolic Faith'', dedicated to the Earl of Essex, Oxford, 1676. Republished in 1841 by Allport.
* ''Votum pro pace Christiana'', Oxford, 1678, and 1680.
* ''Ethica sive Moralis Philosophia'', Oxford, 1680.
Sall worked on the plan of
Robert Boyle
Robert Boyle (; 25 January 1627 – 31 December 1691) was an Anglo-Irish natural philosopher, chemist, physicist, alchemist and inventor. Boyle is largely regarded today as the first modern chemist, and therefore one of the founders of ...
, whom he had met in England, for an
Irish bible.
William Bedell
The Rt. Rev. William Bedell, D.D. ( ga, Uilliam Beidil; 15717 February 1642), was an Anglican churchman who served as Lord Bishop of Kilmore, as well as Provost of Trinity College Dublin.
Early life
He was born at Black Notley in Essex, and ...
's translation of the Old Testament was in manuscript with
Henry Jones, and there was another manuscript from Trinity College. Sall worked over the Bedell manuscript with Paul Higgins (Pól Ó hUiginn), another convert, now at Trinity. A new
Irish font was cast, by
Joseph Moxon
Joseph Moxon (8 August 1627 – February 1691), hydrographer to Charles II, was an English printer specialising in mathematical books and maps, a maker of globes and mathematical instruments, and mathematical lexicographer. He produced the ...
in London. Sall had the help of an Irish scribe Denine, identified as
Uilliam Ó Duinnín
Uilliam Ó Duinnín ( fl. 1670–1682) was an Irish scribe.
The son of Domhnall Óg Ó Duinnín, Uilliam was the owner of MS 1336, which he may have sold to Edward Lhuyd. He transcribed William Bedell's Irish Old Testament, which was published ...
.
Boyle did not follow all the advice from Sall, who thought
Theobald Stapleton's Irish catechism of 1639 was a good model.
William Daniel's Irish New Testament was reprinted.
By mid-February 1682 some sheets of the Old Testament were ready for the press, and before his death Sall had written a preface influenced by
Jansenists
Jansenism was an early modern theological movement within Catholicism, primarily active in the Kingdom of France, that emphasized original sin, human depravity, the necessity of divine grace, and predestination. It was declared a heresy by ...
.
The Old Testament was printed by
Narcissus Marsh
Narcissus Marsh (20 December 1638 – 2 November 1713) was an English clergyman who was successively Church of Ireland Bishop of Ferns and Leighlin, Archbishop of Cashel, Archbishop of Dublin and Archbishop of Armagh.
Marsh was born at Hann ...
in 1685, with Sall's preface translated into Irish by Hugh O'Reilly.
Notes
;Attribution
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sall, Andrew
1612 births
1682 deaths
17th-century Irish Jesuits
Irish Protestants
Irish translators
17th-century translators
People from Cashel, County Tipperary
Christian clergy from County Tipperary
Alumni of the University of Oxford