The Vitaceae are a family of flowering plants, with 14 genera and around 910 known species, including common plants such as

grapevines ''Vitis'' (grapevine) is a genus of 79 accepted species of vining plants in the flowering plant family Vitaceae. The genus is made up of species predominantly from the Northern Hemisphere. It is economically important as the source of grapes, b ...

(''Vitis'' spp.) and

Virginia creeper ''Parthenocissus quinquefolia'', known as Virginia creeper, Victoria creeper, five-leaved ivy, or five-finger, is a species of flowering vine in the grape family, Vitaceae. It is native to eastern and central North America, from southeastern Ca ...

(''Parthenocissus quinquefolia''). The family name is derived from the genus '' Vitis''. Most ''Vitis'' species have 38 chromosomes (n=19), but 40 (n=20) in subgenus ''

Muscadinia ''Vitis'' (grapevine) is a genus of 79 accepted species of vining plants in the flowering plant family Vitaceae. The genus is made up of species predominantly from the Northern Hemisphere. It is economically important as the source of grapes, ...

'', while ''

Ampelocissus ''Ampelocissus'' is a genus of Vitaceae having 90 or more species found variously in tropical Africa, Asia, Central America, and Oceania. The type species, ''A. latifolia'', was originally treated under its basionym, ''Vitis latifolia'', and wa ...

'', '' Parthenocissus'', and ''

Ampelopsis ''Ampelopsis'', commonly known as peppervine or porcelainberry, is a genus of climbing shrubs, in the grape family Vitaceae. The name is derived from the grc, ἅμπελος (''ampelos''), which means "vine". The genus was named in 1803. It is ...

'' also have 40 chromosomes (n=20) and '' Cissus'' has 24 chromosomes (n=12). The family is economically important as the berries of ''Vitis'' species, commonly known as grapes, are an important fruit crop and, when fermented, produce wine. Species of the genus ''

Tetrastigma ''Tetrastigma'' is a genus of plants in the grape family, Vitaceae. The plants are lianas that climb with tendrils and have palmately compound leaves. Plants are dioecious, with separate male and female plants; female flowers are characterized ...

'' serve as hosts to parasitic plants in the family Rafflesiaceae.

Taxonomy

The name sometimes appears as Vitidaceae, but Vitaceae is a

conserved name A conserved name or ''nomen conservandum'' (plural ''nomina conservanda'', abbreviated as ''nom. cons.'') is a scientific name that has specific nomenclatural protection. That is, the name is retained, even though it violates one or more rules whic ...

and therefore has priority over both Vitidaceae and another name sometimes found in the older literature, Ampelidaceae. In the

APG III system The APG III system of flowering plant classification is the third version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy being developed by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG). Published in 2009, it was superseded in 2016 by a fur ...

(2009) onwards, the family is placed in its own order, Vitales.

Molecular phylogenetic Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to ...

studies place the Vitales as the most basal clade in the rosids. In the Cronquist system, the family was placed near the family

Rhamnaceae The Rhamnaceae are a large family of flowering plants, mostly trees, shrubs, and some vines, commonly called the buckthorn family. Rhamnaceae is included in the order Rosales. The family contains about 55 genera and 950 species. The Rhamnaceae h ...

in order

Rhamnales The Rhamnales Lindl. are an order of dicotyledon plants in the subclass Rosidae. In the Cronquist system, the following families were placed here: * Family Elaeagnaceae – (Oleaster family) * Family Leeaceae * Family Rhamnaceae (buckthorn family ...

. ''

Plants of the World Online Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. It was launched in March 2017 with the ultimate aim being "to enable users to access information on all the world's known seed-bearing plants by ...

'' currently includes the following genera, placed in two subfamilies:

Leeoideae

* ''

Leea ''Leea'' (Tagalog: ''Talyantan'') is a genus of plants that are distributed throughout Northern and eastern Australia, New Guinea, South and Southeast Asia and parts of Africa. The APG IV system places ''Leea'' in the subfamily Leeoideae (Vitacea ...

'' D.Royen: previously placed in its own monotypic family, Leeaceae, was included in Vitaceae by APG IV (2016) and the Angiosperm Phylogeny Website.

Vitoideae

Five tribes are now recognised in this subfamily: ;Ampelopsideae Ampelopsis glandulosa var

# ''

'' A.Rich. ex Michx. (pepper-vines) # ''

Clematicissus ''Clematicissus'' is a plant genus in the family Vitaceae The Vitaceae are a family of flowering plants, with 14 genera and around 910 known species, including common plants such as grapevines (''Vitis'' spp.) and Virginia creeper (''Parthenoc ...

'' Planch. # ''

Nekemias ''Nekemias'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Vitaceae. Its native range is Assam to Temperate Eastern Asia and Western and Central Malesia, Central and Eastern USA. Species '' Plants of the World Online'' currently inclu ...

'' Raf. # ''

Rhoicissus ''Rhoicissus'' is an Afrotropical plant genus in the grape family Vitaceae and subfamily Vitoideae. There are between nine and twenty-two accepted species. The leaves of species '' R. tomentosa'' and ''R. tridentata'' are eaten by caterpillars ...

'' Planch. ;

Cayratieae The Cayratieae is one of five tribes of vine plants that are now recognised in this subfamily Vitoideae.Wen J, Lu LM, Nie ZI, Liu XQ, Zhang N, Ickert‐Bond S, Gerrath J, Manchester SR, Boggan J, Chen ZD (2018) A new phylogenetic tribal classifi ...

# ''

Acareosperma ''Acareosperma'' is a plant genus in the family Vitaceae. The sole species is ''Acareosperma spireanum''. Distribution ''A. spireanum'' is an endemic species found in Laos, Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical ...

'' Gagnep. # ''

Causonis ''Causonis'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Vitaceae; it is now placed in the tribe Cayratieae. Its native range is Tropical and Subtropical Asia to Southwestern Pacific. Species ''Plants of the World Online Plants o ...

'' Raf. # ''

Cayratia The genus ''Cayratia'' consists of species of vine plants, typical of the tribe Cayratieae. Some of them are useful, and they are found in tropical and subtropical areas of Asia, Africa, Australia, and islands of the Pacific Ocean. Within the Vi ...

'' Juss. # ''

Cyphostemma ''Cyphostemma'' is a flowering plant genus in the family Vitaceae, with around 250 species distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics. These species are caudiciform and used to belong to the genus ''Cissus''. The genus name comes from Gre ...

'' (Planch.) Alston # '' Pseudocayratia'' J.Wen, L.M.Lu & Z.D.Chen # ''

'' (Miq.) Planch. ;Cisseae Starr 071024-9714 Cissus nodosa

# '' Cissus'' L. (treebinds) - widespread in tropics & subtropics ;Parthenocisseae Parthenocissus quinquefolia fructis

# '' Parthenocissus'' Planch. # ''

Yua Yua may refer to: * Yua (spirit), a spirit or soul in Yupik mythology * ''Yua'' (plant), a genus of flowering plants in the family Vitaceae * Yua Bateson, a character in the role-playing video game ''Breath of Fire II'' *You're Under Arrest! (mang ...

'' C.L.Li ;Viteae # ''

'' Planch. # '' Vitis'' L. (includes grape vine) ;tribe ''incertae sedis'' # ''

Pterisanthes ''Pterisanthes'' is a vine plant genus in the subfamily Vitoideae. Its native range is Indochina to W. Malesia including the Philippines. The relationship between ''Pterisanthes'' and another genus "''Nothocissus''" with ''Ampelocissus'' has ...

'' Blume (Indochina, Malesia)

Earliest fossil history

Well preserved-fruits of ''Indovitis chitaleyae'' containing seeds with similar morphology to the Vitaceae have been recovered from Late Cretaceous Deccan

Intertrappean beds The Intertrappean Beds are a Late Cretaceous geologic formation in India. The beds are found as interbeds between Deccan Traps layers. Indeterminate theropod and pterosaur remains have been recovered from the formation, as well as dinosaur eggs ...

of several sites in central India. These fruits and their dispersed seeds found in the same sediments, about 66 million years old, represent the oldest known fossils of the grape family. The fossil fruits containing 4 to 6 seeds are very similar to extant ''Vitis''..

References

*
Vitaceae
at th
Angiosperm Phylogeny Web

i
L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants: descriptions, illustrations, identification, information retrieval.
http://delta-intkey.com {{Authority control Rosid families